| 词条 | Rota (island) |
| 释义 |
| name = Rota | image_name = Rota Island in the Commonwealth of Northern Mariana Islands.jpg | image_caption = Rota Island in Northern Mariana Islands | image_size = | map_image = Mariana Islands - Rota.PNG | map_caption = | native_name =Luta | native_name_link = | nickname = | location = Pacific Ocean | coordinates = {{coord|14|09|13|N|145|12|11|E|display=inline}} | archipelago = Marianas | total_islands = | major_islands = | area_km2 = 85.38 | length_km =19 | width_km =8 | highest_mount = Mount Manira | elevation_m =495 | country = United States | country_admin_divisions_title = Commonwealth | country_admin_divisions = Northern Mariana Islands | population = 2,477 | population_as_of = 2010 | density_km2 = | ethnic_groups = | additional_info = }} Rota (Chamorro: Luta) also known as the "Friendly Island", is the southernmost island of the United States Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI) and the second southernmost of the Marianas Archipelago. The name Rota is believed to have come from the Spaniards possibly naming the island after the municipality of Rota, Spain. It lies approximately {{convert|40|nmi|km}} north-northeast of the United States territory of Guam. Sinapalo village is the largest and most populated followed by Songsong village (Songsong). GeographyRota is {{convert|12.3|mi|km}} long and {{convert|4.2|mi|km|abbr=on}} wide.[1] Its coastline is about {{convert|38|mi|km|abbr=on}} long. The highest point on Rota is Mt. Sabana which is {{convert|495.56|m|ft|sp=us}}. Rota is {{convert|47|nmi|km|abbr=on}} north of Guam, {{convert|63|nmi|km|abbr=on}} south of Tinian and {{convert|73|nmi|km|abbr=on}} south of Saipan. Rota has diverse flora and fauna including the endemic and endangered Rota white-eye, Mariana fruit bat, and Mariana crow.[2] HistoryIn 1521, the first European to see Rota was the lookout on Ferdinand Magellan's ship Victoria, Lope Navarro. However, Magellan's armada of three ships did not stop until they reached Guam, so the first European to arrive in Rota (in 1524), was the Spanish navigator Juan Sebastián Elcano, who annexed it together with the rest of the Mariana Islands on behalf of the Spanish Empire. As with the other islands of the northern Marianas, Rota was sold to the German Empire under the German–Spanish Treaty of 1899. In World War I, the islands were occupied by the Japanese Empire. In 1919, the League of Nations formally recognized Japanese control under the South Pacific Mandate. However, development of Rota lagged behind that of neighboring Tinian and Saipan, with only 1000 Japanese residents arriving by the end of December 1935, most of them employed in raising sugar cane and in sugar refining. The refinery was not economical, and it was closed three years later. The Japanese garrison during World War II consisted of 1,031 Imperial Japanese Army men of the 10th Independent Mixed Brigade, under the command of Major Shigeo Imagawa, and about 600 Imperial Japanese Navy men.[3] During the final stages of the war, Rota was occasionally bombed by aircraft of the U.S. Navy in an attempt to silence its radio transmitter that was providing warning to the Japanese home islands upon the take-off of B-29 Superfortress bomber attacks from Tinian, Saipan, and Guam, but the island was never invaded by American troops. On September 2, 1945, one hour after the surrender of Japan, a detachment of U.S. Marines arrived on Rota to accept the surrender of the Japanese garrison, which numbered 947 Imperial Japanese Army and 1853 Imperial Japanese Navy. After the end of World War II, Rota became part of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands. Since 1978, the island has been a part of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. The current mayor is Efraim Manglona Atalig. TransportationRota has an airport, Rota International Airport. EducationPost-secondaryNorthern Marianas College established the Rota Instructional Site to provide post-secondary, continuing, and adult education and training opportunities for the purpose of improving the quality of life for the people of Rota. Since its inception in August 1986, the Rota Instructional Site has assisted many people who chose to pursue college education locally over the high cost of post-secondary education elsewhere. Many students have obtained a Certificate of Completion, an associate degree, or the bachelor of science degree in Elementary Education, have found better paying jobs, and have continued pursuing higher degrees. The results are positive, and the community has depended on NMC for quality education and training. Presently, Rota offers a variety of programs:
Primary and secondaryCommonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands Public School System operates public schools. Rota has two public schools:
Rota's elementary school and junior high school (middle school) were formerly located in the same area and shared class buildings at Songsong village. After the new elementary school was built in Sinapalo, the Songsong village school ground was reopened as Rota Junior High. In 2010, the junior high school was renamed for the former Commissioner of Education, Dr. Rita Hocog Inos.{{fact|date=January 2018}} Rota has two private schools:
Public libraryAntonio C. Atalig Memorial Rota Public Library of the State Library of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands is in Songsong, Rota.[5] The current library was built circa 2002 but it did not open until its "soft" opening on February 26, 2012.[6] It was named after Mayor of Rota Antonio C. Atalig.[5] It adopted its current name in 1981.[7] See also{{Portal|Micronesia|United States}}
References1. ^Measured in Google Earth 06 October 2014 {{commons category|Rota Island}}{{Northern Mariana Islands}}{{Former German colonies}}{{Library of Congress, Zarpana Island}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Rota (Island)}}2. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.fws.gov/pacificislands/fauna/marianacrow.html|title=Mariana crow - Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office|first=Pacific Region Web Development|last=Group|date=|website=www.fws.gov|accessdate=13 April 2018}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.dutcheastindies.webs.com/japan_garrison.html|title=Japanese garrisons on the by-passed Pacific Islands 1944-1945|author=|date=|website=www.dutcheastindies.webs.com|accessdate=13 April 2018}} 4. ^1 "[https://web.archive.org/web/20070828131946/http://www.pss.cnmi.mp/RotaHigh/index.cfm?pageID=13 Home of the Bucks! ]." Rota Jr./Sr. High School. August 28, 2007. Retrieved on January 14, 2018. 5. ^1 "ANTONIO C. ATALIG MEMORIAL LIBRARY." State Library of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. Retrieved on January 15, 2017. 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.mvariety.com/cnmi/cnmi-news/local/44331-rota-library-holds-soft-opening-internet-connection-installed|title=Rota library holds ‘soft’ opening, internet connection installed|publisher=Marianas Variety|date=2012-02-27|accessdate=2018-01-15}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.cnmilaw.org/pdf/public_laws/02/pl02-50.pdf|title= PUBLIC LAW NO. 2-50 H.B. NO. 233 SECOND NORTHERN MARIANAS COMMONWEALTH LEGISLATURE FOURTH REGULAR SESSION, 1981 AN ACT To name the Rota Public Library building located in Songsong Village on the island of Rota "Antonio Camacho Atalig Memorial Library" in honor of the late Mayor Antonio Camacho Atalig of Rota.|author=|date=|website=cnmilaw.org|accessdate=13 April 2018}} 4 : Rota (island)|Former German colonies|Islands of the Northern Mariana Islands|Municipalities of the Northern Mariana Islands |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。