| 词条 | Rotting Christ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Rotting Christ | image = Rotting ChristRockwave2015.jpg | caption = Rotting Christ on Rockwave, Athens, 2015 | image_size = | landscape = | background = group_or_band | origin = Athens, Greece | genre = {{hlist|Black metal[1]|gothic metal[2]}} | years_active = 1987–present | label = {{hlist|Osmose|Unisound|Century Media|Season of Mist}} | associated_acts = {{hlist|Necromantia|Nightfall|Septicflesh|Thou Art Lord|Nightstalker|Varathron}} | website = {{URL|rotting-christ.com}} | current_members =
| past_members =
}} Rotting Christ is a Greek black metal band formed in 1987. They are noted for being one of the first black metal bands within this region, as well as a premier act within the European underground metal scene.[1] They are also responsible for creating the signature Greek black metal sound prevalent in the early 1990s. HistoryLine-upThe permanent line-up consists of brothers Sakis Tolis (vocals and guitar) and Themis Tolis (drums). Andreas Lagios was the bassist since 1997, taking the stead of Jim Patsouris until the end of 2011. Nightfall's Giorgos Bokos joined as a guitarist in 2005, replacing Costas Vasilakopoulos. In February 2012, Bokos announced his departure from the band for personal reasons.[3] In December 2012, the new members of the band were announced: guitarist George Emmanuel and bassist Vaggelis Karzis.[4] Three keyboardists had previously been a part of the band; George Tolias, George Zaharopoulos and a session musician known only as Panayiotis (on A Dead Poem). The band members from the beginning, up to Triarchy of the Lost Lovers album, were using the pseudonyms Necromayhem for Sakis,[5] Necrosauron for Themis[6] and Mutilator for Jim (Dimitris).[7] BiographyDuring their rehearsal era in the late 1980s, the band began as grindcore and released various demos and splits with other bands from the Athens area. The group would later alter their sound with influence from proto-black metal bands like Celtic Frost and Venom, and in the process became one of the genre's instigators. Their 5-song demo, Satanas Tedeum, would show a grindcore/black metal crossover, followed by their career-breaking album, Passage to Arcturo, in 1991. One of band's first major appearances was on the 1993 "Fuck Christ Tour" consisting of Immortal and Blasphemy. During this concert, some audience members had engaged in cutting and self-mutilation that resulted in hospitalization.[8] Before signing to Unisound, Mayhem's Øystein Aarseth had expressed interest in distributing the band through his Deathlike Silence Productions label,[9] but due to Aarseth's murder the same year, nothing materialized. The band would sign to Century Media in 1996 and remain on their roster for 10 years before joining Season of Mist. Rotting Christ has played in many countries outside their native Greece, including both Americas, Greater Europe, Russia, the United Kingdom, Malta and the Middle East. Several heavy metal festivals around the world have hosted the band, including the 2003 Wacken Open Air in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. Past tourmates have included My Dying Bride, Tristania, Tiamat, Vintersorg, Finntroll, Agathodaimon, Old Man's Child, Malevolent Creation, Anorexia Nervosa, Vader, Krisiun, Deicide, Behemoth, Melechesh and Nile, among many others.[10][11][12] Rotting Christ was one of the initial bands to be announced to perform the Barge to Hell festival, which is a metal-themed cruise organized by Ultimate Metal Cruises and take place aboard Royal Caribbean's Majesty of the Seas. Barge to Hell set sail from Port of Miami on December 3, 2012. {{As of|2012}}, Rotting Christ has been around for 25 years and is one of the longest running bands within the black metal genre. In celebration of the band's longevity, the 2-DVD + 2-CD compilation Non Serviam: A 20 Year Apocryphal Story, shot in Athens on December 8, 2007, was released worldwide February 23, 2009.Aealo, the band's tenth studio album, was released on February 15, 2010, for Europe and February 23, 2010, for the USA. Their eleventh album, Kata ton Daimona Eaytoy, was released in March 2013.[13] They made their first appearance in south Asia on September 13, 2014 in India (Bangalore Open Air 2014 Edition) and September 14, 2014 in Sri Lanka. Rituals was released February 12, 2016.[14]To coincide with their 30th anniversary, the band released a new 7" single "The Call" on February 9, 2018; the single's b-side is a live version of "The Sign of Evil Existence", which includes guest vocals by Behemoth's Nergal and Varathron's Stefan Necroabyssious.[15] Rotting Christ's thirteenth studio album, The Heretics, was released on February 15th, 2019.[16][17][18] PublicityOver the years, the group has faced controversy due to their name and gained international media attention in November 1999 during the 2000 United States Presidential Primaries for Republican Nomination, when candidate/Christian conservative Gary Bauer accused the band of being "anti-Catholic", among other things. In response to Bauer's criticism, Sakis Tolis wrote: {{quote|Living in (so called) democratic societies, I think everyone should have the right to call religions as he/she wants. We in fact simply believe they are "rotting"! We are not a "satanic-crusader" type of band but rather one of the many bands that represent the dark side in nowadays Metal music.[19]}}They also have had to cancel some shows, most recently in May 2005, when Megadeth frontman Dave Mustaine threatened to refuse to play at a Greek concert if Rotting Christ were on the bill.[20][21] In response to their forced cancellation, Tolis noted: {{quote|I didn't expect something like that from Dave Mustaine, because, you know, he's supposed to be metal — you know, 'metal band,' all metal ... I just feel sorry for him and for every new Christian with new ideas, because we think Christianity is the worst thing to happen in human history. This is a well-organized trick in order to control society, so when I see someone that's very much Christian, that's full of the system, I feel very sorry for him because he's not free.[22]}}Nuclear Assault and former Anthrax bassist Dan Lilker defended Rotting Christ and criticized Dave Mustaine's actions,[23] as did Nevermore's Warrel Dane, whose bands appeared on Mustaine's Gigantour in 2005. Dane added: {{quote|Everybody is free to believe anything he wants to; I just think that Dave misunderstood the whole subject. I have met the guys from Rotting Christ and I don't think that they are Satanists or something. I think that Dave overreacted on this.[24]}}When playing in Malta, a country which in its constitution declares itself as Roman Catholic, trouble from the Church and other Catholic groups ensued when an unknown person stuck a Rotting Christ flyer to a church door. The band was allowed to play eventually even though they had to change venue. In April 2018, Rotting Christ were scheduled to play in Georgia. Upon arriving in Tbilisi, founding members Sakis and Themis Tolis were arrested by Georgian authorities under suspicion of terrorism due to their band name, as reported by an announcement from the band's label, Season of Mist [25]. They had their passports and cell phones confiscated and were detained in prison, without being permitted legal representation or contact with the Greek Embassy for 12 hours. Afterwards, they were informed by their lawyers that the two were included in a "list of unwanted people for reasons of national security" that labeled them as "Satanists" and "suspects of terrorism". The two were eventually released, after arrangements made by the band's other members in collaboration with the local promoter, "who involved legal experts, journalists and activists in Georgia". The band was allowed to perform their scheduled concert and left for their next destination, Armenia, without hassle. Musical styleEarly in their career, they were responsible for creating what is known as the "classic" Greek black metal sound which can be heard in other bands such as Varathron and Thou Art Lord. Despite the name, the band's traditional lyrical themes involving evil and occultism has evolved into a more "mystic" path,[19] and they have modified their musical direction on each album, utilizing elements such as clean melodic baritone vocals, doom, gothic metal and industrial music traits, and male/female Benedictine chants. Recent albums, beginning with Khronos, have shown the band taking a more modern, faster and more aggressive approach to their blackened-gothic style. Their 2007 album, Theogonia, especially, has been described as more "atmospheric" and "epic" by their label.[26] The group's choice of producers, engineers and mixers has also been varied; Swedish extreme metal figures Dan Swanö (Unisound), Peter Tägtgren (Abyss Studios) and Fredrik Nordström (Studio Fredman), German producers Andy Classen (Asphyx, Belphegor), Siggi Bemm (Therion, Theatre of Tragedy) and Waldemar Sorychta (Lacuna Coil, The Gathering) as well as Xy (Samael percussionist/keyboardist) have all contributed to production on the band's albums. Band members{{col-begin}}{{col-2}}
ImageSize = width:800 height:auto barincrement:20 PlotArea = left:120 bottom:60 top:0 right:20 Alignbars = justify DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy Period = from:1987 till:{{#time:d/m/Y}} TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal format:yyyy Legend = orientation:horizontal position:bottom ScaleMajor = increment:2 start:1988 Scaleminor = increment:2 start:1987 Colors = id:vox value:red legend:Lead_vocals id:Guitar value:green legend:Guitar id:Bass value:blue legend:Bass id:Drums value:orange legend:Drums id:Keys value:purple legend:Keyboards id:album value:black legend:Studio_release id:bars value:gray(0.95) Legend = orientation:horizontal position:bottom BackgroundColors = bars:bars LineData = layer:back color:album at:11/11/1993 at:10/10/1994 at:20/08/1996 at:01/10/1997 at:09/03/1999 at:28/08/2000 at:26/08/2002 at:20/09/2004 at:22/01/2007 at:15/02/2010 at:01/03/2013 at:12/02/2016 at:15/02/2019 BarData = bar:Sakis text:"Sakis Tolis" bar:Costas text:"Costas Vasilakopoulos" bar:Bokos text:"Giorgos Bokos" bar:Emmanuel text:"George Emmanuel" bar:Mutilator text:"Jim Mutilator" bar:Lagios text:"Andreas Lagios" bar:Karzis text:"Vaggelis Karzis" bar:Themis text:"Themis Tolis" bar:Magus text:"Magus Wampyr Daoloth" bar:Tolias text:"Georgios Tolias" PlotData= width:11 bar:Sakis from:01/01/1987 till:end color:Guitar bar:Sakis from:31/12/2003 till:end color:Keys width:7 bar:Sakis from:01/01/1987 till:end color:vox width:3 bar:Costas from:01/01/1996 till:01/02/2004 color:Guitar bar:Bokos from:22/09/2005 till:16/02/2012 color:Guitar bar:Emmanuel from:16/02/2012 till:25/02/2019 color:Guitar bar:Mutilator from:01/01/1987 till:31/12/1996 color:Bass bar:Lagios from:01/01/1997 till:16/02/2012 color:Bass bar:Karzis from:16/02/2012 till:end color:Bass bar:Themis from:01/01/1987 till:end color:Drums bar:Magus from:01/01/1991 till:31/07/1995 color:Keys bar:Tolias from:01/01/1997 till:31/12/2003 color:Keys }} GalleryDiscographyFull-lengths
EPs
Demos, singles, and DVDs
Compilations
Music videos
References1. ^1 {{cite web |author=DaRonco, Mike |title=Rotting Christ biography |url={{Allmusic|class=artist|id=rotting-christ-mn0000851665|pure_url=yes}} |publisher=AllMusic |accessdate=January 3, 2011}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://heavymetal.about.com/od/r/gr/rottingchrist-aealo.htm|title=Rotting Christ - 'Aealo'|publisher=|accessdate=August 14, 2016|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160403075531/http://heavymetal.about.com/od/r/gr/rottingchrist-aealo.htm|archivedate=April 3, 2016|df=mdy-all}} 3. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.rocking.gr/news/Parelthon_apo_tous_Rotting_Christ_o_Giwrgos_Mpokos__Me_to_authentiko_line-up_tha_emfanistoun_sto_Nuclear_War_Now_Festival/12058/ |title=Παρελθόν από τους Rotting Christ ο Γιώργος Μπόκος / Με το αυθεντικό line-up θα εμφανιστούν στο Nuclear War Now! Festival |publisher=Rocking.gr |date=February 16, 2012 |accessdate=July 29, 2014}} 4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.rockoverdose.gr/news_details.php?id=18164 |title=Rock Overdose - News - Rotting Christ: Oλοκληρωθηκε το νεο line up της μπάντας! |publisher=Rockoverdose.gr |date=December 21, 2012 |accessdate=July 29, 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140809203757/http://www.rockoverdose.gr/news_details.php?id=18164 |archivedate=August 9, 2014 |df=mdy-all }} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.discogs.com/artist/Necromayhem|title=Necromayhem|publisher=|accessdate=August 14, 2016}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.discogs.com/artist/Necrosauron|title=Necrosauron|publisher=|accessdate=August 14, 2016}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.discogs.com/artist/mutilator|title=Mutilator|publisher=|accessdate=August 14, 2016}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://bands.metalland.net/cgi-bin/detail.cgi?id=1233&lang=en|title=Band "Rotting Christ" :: Download Rotting Christ MP3, read Biography, Discography, Members and more...|publisher=|accessdate=August 14, 2016}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.chroniclesofchaos.com/articles/rants/6-900_when_hades_strikes.aspx|title=CoC : Rant : When Hades Strikes...|publisher=|accessdate=August 14, 2016|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120212221342/http://www.chroniclesofchaos.com/articles/rants/6-900_when_hades_strikes.aspx|archivedate=February 12, 2012|df=mdy-all}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.thegauntlet.com/bio/538/Rotting-Christ.html|title=Rotting Christ html Biography and Band Info at The Gauntlet|publisher=|accessdate=August 14, 2016}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.metalunderground.com/news/details.cfm?newsid=12448|title=Anorexia Nervosa Join Vader's Blitzkrieg 3 Tour|publisher=|accessdate=August 14, 2016}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://metal-rules.com/interviews/RottingChrist.htm|title=Metal Rules!!: Interview with Rotting Christ|publisher=|accessdate=August 14, 2016}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.season-of-mist.com/bands/rotting-christ |title=Rotting Christ, KATA TON DAIMONA EAYTOY (Do What Thou Wilt) album, Dark Metal (news, biography, releases, downloads, line-up, tour dates) | Season of Mist, Metal Label |publisher=Season-of-mist.com |date= |accessdate=July 29, 2014}} 14. ^Bowar, Chad. "Mayhem + Watain To Co-Headline 'Black Metal Warfare II' U.S. Tour with Rotting Christ". Loudwire. 15. ^{{cite web|title=Rotting Christ To Release "The Call" 7" In February|url=http://www.theprp.com/2018/01/19/news/rotting-christ-release-call-7-february/|publisher=theprp.com|date=January 19, 2018|accessdate=January 19, 2018}} 16. ^http://www.metalunderground.com/news/details.cfm?newsid=143959 17. ^http://loudwire.com/rotting-christ-new-song-fire-god-and-fear-new-album-the-heretics/ 18. ^ http://www.blabbermouth.net/news/rotting-christ-to-release-the-heretics-album-in-february/ 19. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.rusmetal.ru/vae_solis/rotting_christ.html|title=Rotting Christ|publisher=|accessdate=August 14, 2016}} 20. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.tartareandesire.com/interviews/rottingchrist2.html|title=Rotting Christ interview @ Tartareandesire.com|publisher=|accessdate=August 14, 2016|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161110080610/http://www.tartareandesire.com/interviews/rottingchrist2.html|archivedate=November 10, 2016|df=mdy-all}} 21. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.musicmight.com/artist/greece/athens/rotting%20christ|title=MusicMight :: Artists :: ROTTING CHRIST|publisher=|accessdate=August 14, 2016}} 22. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.blabbermouth.net/news/rotting-christ-mainman-feels-sorry-for-megadeth-s-dave-mustaine/|title=ROTTING CHRIST Mainman Feels 'Sorry' For MEGADETH's DAVE MUSTAINE|first=|last=Blabbermouth|date=February 4, 2007|publisher=|accessdate=August 14, 2016}} 23. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.blabbermouth.net/news/dan-lilker-to-dave-mustaine-break-up-megadeth-and-pursue-your-new-love-for-jesus-on-your-own/|title=DAN LILKER To DAVE MUSTAINE: 'Break Up MEGADETH And Pursue Your New Love For Jesus On Your Own'|first=|last=Blabbermouth|date=May 22, 2005|publisher=|accessdate=August 14, 2016}} 24. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.metal-temple.com/site/catalogues/entry/musicians/warrel_dane_nevermore.htm?root=14&keep_has_js=1|title=Metal-Temple.com - Warrel Dane interview, 30 June 2005|publisher=|accessdate=August 14, 2016}} 25. ^{{Cite web|url=http://loudwire.com/rotting-christ-arrested-georgia/|title=Rotting Christ Arrested in Georgia Under Suspicions of Terrorism|website=Loudwire|language=en|access-date=2018-06-07}} 26. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.phonopaca.com/en/members/season_of_mist/season.htm|title=Phonopaca : Accueil|publisher=|accessdate=August 14, 2016}} External links
12 : Grindcore musical groups|Greek black metal musical groups|Greek gothic metal musical groups|Greek heavy metal musical groups|Musical groups established in 1987|Musical quartets|Musical groups from Athens|Metal Mind Productions artists|Century Media Records artists|Season of Mist artists|1987 establishments in Greece|Sibling musical groups |
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