| 词条 | Royal Army of Oman | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|unit_name= Royal Army of Oman القوات المسلحة السلطانية العُمانية |image=Royal Army of Oman Seal.svg |image_size=200px |caption= |start_date= 1907 |country= {{Flag|Oman|size=23px}} |allegiance= Sultan of Oman |branch= |type= Land force |role= Land warfare |size= 25,000 |command_structure= |garrison= Muaskar al Murtafaa |garrison_label= |equipment= |equipment_label= |nickname= |motto= |colors= |colors_label= |march= |mascot= |battles= |anniversaries= |decorations= |battle_honours= |current_commander= Major General Matar bin Salim bin Rashid al Balushi[1][2] |current_commander_label= |ceremonial_chief= |ceremonial_chief_label= |colonel_of_the_regiment= |colonel_of_the_regiment_label= |notable_commanders= |identification_symbol= |identification_symbol_label= |identification_symbol_2= |identification_symbol_2_label= Flag of Royal Army of Oman |website =Royal Army of Oman}} The Royal Army of Oman is the ground forces component of the Sultan of Oman's Armed Forces. It was founded in 1907 as the Muscat Garrison.[3] It has a current strength of 25,000 personnel.[4] HistoryOman has a military history which dates back to the seventh century, when troops from the Alozd tribe were strong enough to help Abu Bakr, companion of the Islamic prophet Mohammed. At the beginning of the seventeenth century there were local forces associated with Ya'ariba dynasty.[5] It was this dynasty, which forced the expulsion of Portuguese from the country in 1650. The Ya'ariba dynasty were responsible for most of the fortified site across what is now th Sultanate of Oman from Musandam in the north to the southern province of Dhofar. The Royal Army of Oman officially traces its origins back to the formation of the Muscat Garrison in 1907,[6] this local garrison force was developed and became the Muscat Infantry in 1921.[7] An agreement between the Omani and the British governments in 1958 led to the creation of the Sultan's Armed Forces (SAF) and the creation of formally structured Omani army units. At the same time the United Kingdom promised to provide direct assistance in the development of the SAF and its land forces.[8] During the 1960 and 1970s, army units fought in the Dhofar Rebellion alongside British units and[3] it relied on embedded unit-level British military advisors, who saw combat alongside the units they were very much part of.[9] At the end of the Dhofar Rebellion the Omani army became an independent service known as the Sultan of Oman Land Forces in 1976. In 1990, Sultan Qaboos bin Said al Said renamed his land forces the Royal Army of Oman (RAO).[10] The RAO frequently exercises with the armed forces of fellow Gulf Cooperation Council nations and other strategic defense partners such as the US and UK.[11] Ground Forces OrganisationAccording to the latest MoD Telephone Directory published by Omantel,[12] RAO is structured as follows:
Garrison LocationsBased on locational evidence given in Omantel telephone directory listings (telephone number associations),[12][27] historical recollections of British servicemen[28] and analysis of Google Earth and Google Map imagery and cartographic data[29] the following RAO garrisons have been identified:
EquipmentIn 2008 Oman spent 7.7% of GDP on military expenditures. Oman has one armored brigade (MSO) equipped with the Challenger 2 and the M60A1 and M60A3 Patton tanks. Between 2001 and 2004 Oman received 174 amphibious light armored vehicles and more than 80 armored VBL from France.[30] In May 2013 the United States announced a deal with Oman valued at $2.1 billion to supply a ground-based air defense system.[31] Oman looks to acquire K2 main battle tanks from South Korea. South Korean Defense Company Hyundai Rotem Co. could sell 76 K2 Black Panther Main Battle Tanks to Oman, a deal that could reach an amount up to $884.6 million.[32] Armoured vehicles
Trucks
Field Artillery
Air Defense
Small arms
Out of service equipment
References1. ^{{cite web|title=Passing out of Regimental Commanders Course and Junior Command and Staff Course|url=http://www.mod.gov.om/en-US/RAO/Pages/2014/Passing_out_of_Regiments_Commanders_Course_and%20Junior_Command_and_Staff_Course.aspx|website=www.mod.gov.om|publisher=MOD Oman|accessdate=6 August 2017|language=en-us|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806220922/http://www.mod.gov.om/en-US/RAO/Pages/2014/Passing_out_of_Regiments_Commanders_Course_and%20Junior_Command_and_Staff_Course.aspx|archive-date=2017-08-06|dead-url=no|df=}} 2. ^{{cite web|title=Commander received at RAO|url=https://omaninfo.om/english/module.php?module=topics-showtopic&CatID=4&ID=553|website=omaninfo.om|accessdate=6 August 2017}} 3. ^1 {{Cite web|title = Royal Army of Oman / Royal Oman Land Forces (ROLF)|url = http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/gulf/oman-army.htm|website = www.globalsecurity.org|accessdate = 2016-01-10|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160303202521/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/gulf/oman-army.htm|archive-date = 2016-03-03|dead-url = no|df = }} 4. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{Cite web|title = Royal Army of Oman - Equipment|url = http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/gulf/oman-army-equip.htm|website = www.globalsecurity.org|accessdate = 2016-01-10|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160305081712/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/gulf/oman-army-equip.htm|archive-date = 2016-03-05|dead-url = no|df = }} 5. ^{{cite web|title=Al’Yaruba State|url=https://www.mofa.gov.om/?p=760&lang=en|website=www.mofa.gov.om|accessdate=6 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170309060343/https://www.mofa.gov.om/?p=760&lang=en|archive-date=2017-03-09|dead-url=no|df=}} 6. ^{{cite book|last1=Peterson|first1=J. E.|title=Oman in the Twentieth Century: Political Foundations of an Emerging State|date=2016|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781317291732|pages=72–75|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=NH2PCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA73&lpg=PA73&dq=Muscat+Garrison+1907&source=bl&ots=jQmd1d4G_e&sig=YwPeBvYxbaVnfAhmfcZoW_SJvIM&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj0wobhmMPVAhWjKsAKHXNSDT4Q6AEIVzAI#v=onepage&q=Muscat%20Garrison%201907&f=false|accessdate=6 August 2017|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806223003/https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=NH2PCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA73&lpg=PA73&dq=Muscat+Garrison+1907&source=bl&ots=jQmd1d4G_e&sig=YwPeBvYxbaVnfAhmfcZoW_SJvIM&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj0wobhmMPVAhWjKsAKHXNSDT4Q6AEIVzAI#v=onepage&q=Muscat%20Garrison%201907&f=false#v=onepage&q=Muscat%20Garrison%201907&f=false|archive-date=2017-08-06|dead-url=no|df=}} 7. ^{{cite web|title=About the Royal Army of Oman (RAO)|url=http://www.mod.gov.om/en-US/RAO/Pages/about-us.aspx|website=www.mod.gov.om|accessdate=6 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170805220532/http://www.mod.gov.om/en-US/RAO/Pages/about-us.aspx|archive-date=2017-08-05|dead-url=no|df=}} 8. ^{{cite web|title=Persian Gulf States - Oman - Regional and National Security Considerations|url=http://countrystudies.us/persian-gulf-states/102.htm|website=countrystudies.us|publisher=US Government|accessdate=8 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161103012129/http://countrystudies.us/persian-gulf-states/102.htm|archive-date=2016-11-03|dead-url=no|df=}} 9. ^{{cite book|last1=Peck|first1=Malcolm C.|title=The A to Z of the Gulf Arab States|date=2010|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=9780810876361|pages=21–22|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=PUiazV0SVaQC&pg=PA21&lpg=PA21&dq=SOLF+RAO+Oman&source=bl&ots=MVIe2efD8Y&sig=HMWKH9OHW5uvXb_f-GmKYbvv3Ho&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj7k__Fl8PVAhUJIMAKHYyTANYQ6AEIQTAD#v=onepage&q=SOLF%20RAO%20Oman&f=false|accessdate=6 August 2017|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806223559/https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=PUiazV0SVaQC&pg=PA21&lpg=PA21&dq=SOLF+RAO+Oman&source=bl&ots=MVIe2efD8Y&sig=HMWKH9OHW5uvXb_f-GmKYbvv3Ho&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj7k__Fl8PVAhUJIMAKHYyTANYQ6AEIQTAD#v=onepage&q=SOLF%20RAO%20Oman&f=false#v=onepage&q=SOLF%20RAO%20Oman&f=false|archive-date=2017-08-06|dead-url=no|df=}} 10. ^{{Cite web|title = Royal Army of Oman - About Royal Army of Oman (RAO)|url = http://www.mod.gov.om/en-US/RAO/Pages/about-us.aspx|website = www.mod.gov.om|accessdate = 2016-01-10|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20151217043506/http://www.mod.gov.om/en-US/rao/pages/about-us.aspx|archive-date = 2015-12-17|dead-url = no|df = }} 11. ^{{cite web|last1=Arab|first1=The New|title=Oman and UK to hold military exercise next year|url=https://www.alaraby.co.uk/english/news/2017/5/17/oman-and-uk-to-hold-military-exercise-next-year|website=alaraby|accessdate=7 August 2017|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170807152519/https://www.alaraby.co.uk/english/news/2017/5/17/oman-and-uk-to-hold-military-exercise-next-year|archive-date=2017-08-07|dead-url=no|df=}} 12. ^1 {{cite web|title=Oman Yellow Pages - Ministry of Defence|url=http://www.omantel-yellowpages.com/wap/MinDetails.aspx?id=30|website=www.omantel-yellowpages.com|publisher=Omantel|accessdate=6 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170805223525/http://www.omantel-yellowpages.com/wap/MinDetails.aspx?id=30|archive-date=2017-08-05|dead-url=no|df=}} 13. ^{{cite web|title=Page 3, RAO COMMANDER, UK CHIEF OF GEN STAFF MEET|url=http://omanobserver.om/main/files/pdf/2016/5/3/OmanObserver_03-05-16.pdf|publisher=Oman Observer|accessdate=7 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170807153132/http://omanobserver.om/main/files/pdf/2016/5/3/OmanObserver_03-05-16.pdf|archive-date=2017-08-07|dead-url=no|df=}} 14. ^{{cite web|title=Page 4|url=http://omanobserver.om/main/files/pdf/2015/12/17/OmanObserver_17-12-15.pdf|publisher=Oman Observer|accessdate=7 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170807153026/http://omanobserver.om/main/files/pdf/2015/12/17/OmanObserver_17-12-15.pdf|archive-date=2017-08-07|dead-url=no|df=}} 15. ^{{cite book|last1=Allen|first1=Calvin H.|last2=II|first2=W. 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2017|language=en-gb|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100414022558/http://armstrade.sipri.org/armstrade/page/trade_register.php|archive-date=2010-04-14|dead-url=no|df=}} 31. ^{{Cite web|title = Joint Statement by the United States and the Government of the Sultanate of Oman|url = http://www.defense-aerospace.com/article-view/release/145236/us-announces-oman-air_defense-deal.html|website = www.defense-aerospace.com|accessdate = 2016-01-10|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20151117033442/http://www.defense-aerospace.com/article-view/release/145236/us-announces-oman-air_defense-deal.html|archive-date = 2015-11-17|dead-url = no|df = }} 32. ^{{Cite web |url=https://defence-blog.com/army/oman-to-acquire-k2-black-panther-tanks-from-south-korea.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=2018-11-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181112133427/https://defence-blog.com/army/oman-to-acquire-k2-black-panther-tanks-from-south-korea.html |archive-date=2018-11-12 |dead-url=no |df= }} 33. ^{{cite web|title=Challenger 2 Main Battle Tank|url=https://www.copybook.com/fact-files/challenger-2-main-battle-tank|website=www.copybook.com|accessdate=13 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170813104054/https://www.copybook.com/fact-files/challenger-2-main-battle-tank|archive-date=2017-08-13|dead-url=no|df=}} 34. ^{{cite web|title=CRARRV Armored Recovery Vehicle Military-Today.com|url=http://www.military-today.com/engineering/crarrv.htm|website=www.military-today.com|accessdate=7 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170728165630/http://www.military-today.com/engineering/crarrv.htm|archive-date=2017-07-28|dead-url=no|df=}} 35. ^{{Cite web|title = Raytheon Secures Oman as New Customer for NASAMS|url = http://www.defensenews.com/article/20140124/DEFREG04/301240025/Raytheon-Secures-Oman-New-Customer-NASAMS|website = Defense News|accessdate = 2016-01-10}} 36. ^Oman to buy the air defense missile system THAAD {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923222816/http://www.armyrecognition.com/may_2013_news_defence_army_military_industry_uk/sultanate_of_oman_to_buy_the_air_defense_missile_system_thaad_from_united_states_2705134.html |date=2015-09-23 }} - Armyrecognition.com, May 27, 2013 37. ^{{cite web|title=Saladin armoured car Scorpion oman - Google Search|url=https://www.google.co.uk/search?q=Saladin+armoured+car+Scorpion+oman&safe=active&rlz=1C1GGRV_enGB751GB751&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiLn7DC5sPVAhUCNxQKHcXUD0gQsAQIKQ&biw=1536&bih=736#imgdii=tfj5OMaLEMabjM:&imgrc=KQuUdZfCO34QwM:|website=www.google.co.uk|accessdate=6 August 2017}} 2 : Armies by country|Military of Oman |
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