“Inclusive growth”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The definition of inclusive growth implies direct links between the macroeconomic and microeconomic determinants of the economy and economic growth. The microeconomic dimension captures the importance of structural transformation for economic diversification and competition, while the macro dimension refers to changes in economic aggregates such as the country’s gross national product (GNP) or gross domestic product (GDP), total factor productivity, and aggregate factor inputs.^[5]

Sustainable economic growth requires inclusive growth. Maintaining this is sometimes difficult because economic growth may give rise to negative externalities, such as a rise in corruption, which is a major problem in developing countries. Nonetheless, an emphasis on inclusiveness—especially on equality of opportunity in terms of access to markets, resources, and an unbiased regulatory environment—is an essential ingredient of successful growth. The inclusive growth approach takes a longer-term perspective, as the focus is on productive employment as a means of increasing the incomes of poor and excluded groups and raising their standards of living.^[6]

References

1. ^{{cite journal|last1=Ranieri|first1=Rafael|last2=Ramos|first2=Raquel Almeida|title=Inclusive Growth: Building up a Concept|date=March 2013|volume=104|url=http://www.ipc-undp.org/pub/IPCWorkingPaper104.pdf|accessdate=13 January 2015|series=Working Paper|publisher=International Policy Centre for Inclusive Growth|location=Brazil|issn=1812-108X}}
2. ^{{cite news|last1=Anand|first1=Rahul|title=Inclusive growth revisited: Measurement and evolution|url=http://www.voxeu.org/article/inclusive-growth-revisited-measurement-and-evolution|accessdate=13 January 2015|work=VoxEU.org|publisher=Centre for Economic Policy Research|date=17 August 2013|display-authors=etal}}
3. ^{{cite web|last1=Anand|first1=Rahul|title=Inclusive Growth: Measurement and Determinants|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2013/wp13135.pdf|number=WP/13/135|publisher=International Monetary Fund|location=Asia Pacific Department|accessdate=13 January 2015|series=IMF Working Paper|date=May 2013|display-authors=etal}}
4. ^{{Cite book|url=https://www.routledge.com/Inclusive-Growth-Development-and-Welfare-Policy-A-Critical-Assessment/Hasmath/p/book/9781138840799|title=Inclusive Growth, Development and Welfare Policy: A Critical Assessment|last=|first=|date=2015|publisher=Routledge|year=|isbn=9781138840799|editor-last=Hasmath|editor-first=Reza|location=|pages=2-3|language=en|quote=|via=}}
5. ^Elena Ianchovichina and Susanna Lundstrom, "What is Inclusive Growth?", The World Bank, February 10, 2009.
6. ^Elena Ianchovichina and Susanna Lundstrom, 2009. "Inclusive growth analytics: Framework and application", Policy Research Working Paper Series 4851, The World Bank.