“Integrated Authority File”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

Integrated Authority File

释义

Types of GND high-level entities
See also
References
External links

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| name = Integrated Authority File
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| image_size =
| image_caption = GND: Screenshot of the
German National Library
(Browser: Opera 11.62).
| image_alt =
| acronym = GND
| number =
| start_date = {{Start date|2012|04|05|df=yes}}
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The Integrated Authority File ({{lang-de|Gemeinsame Normdatei}}; also known as the Universal Authority File) or GND is an international authority file for the organisation of personal names, subject headings and corporate bodies from catalogues. It is used mainly for documentation in libraries and increasingly also by archives and museums. The GND is managed by the German National Library ({{lang-de|Deutsche Nationalbibliothek|links=no}}; DNB) in cooperation with various regional library networks in German-speaking Europe and other partners. The GND falls under the Creative Commons Zero (CC0) licence.^[1]

The GND specification provides a hierarchy of high-level entities and sub-classes, useful in library classification, and an approach to unambiguous identification of single elements. It also comprises an ontology intended for knowledge representation in the semantic web, available in the RDF format.^[2]

The Integrated Authority File became operational in April 2012 and integrates the content of the following authority files, which have since been discontinued:

Name Authority File ({{lang-de|Personennamendatei|links=no}}; PND)
Corporate Bodies Authority File ({{lang-de|Gemeinsame Körperschaftsdatei|links=no}}; GKD)
Subject Headings Authority File ({{lang-de|Schlagwortnormdatei|links=no}}; SWD)
Uniform Title File of the Deutsches Musikarchiv ({{lang-de|Einheitssachtitel-Datei des Deutschen Musikarchivs|links=no}}; DMA-EST)

At the time of its introduction on 5 April 2012, the GND held 9,493,860 files, including 2,650,000 personalised names.

Types of GND high-level entities

There are seven main types of GND entities:^[3]

Typ

German (official)

English (translation)

> p

de|individualisiert}})

person (individualised)

de|nicht individualisiert}})

name (not individualised)

de|Körperschaft}}

corporate body

de|Veranstaltung}}

event

de|Werk}}

work

de|Sachbegriff}}

topical term

de|Geografikum}}

geographical place name

References

1. ^Integrated Authority File (GND)
2. ^GND Ontology – Namespace Document {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130103070757/http://d-nb.info/standards/elementset/gnd |date=2013-01-03}}, version 2012-06-30.
3. ^Entitätencodierung: Vergaberichtlinien (short lists – old and new versions)

External links

Information pages about the GND from the German National Library
Search via OGND ({{lang|de|Bibliotheksservice-Zentrum Baden-Württemberg}})
Bereitstellung des ersten GND-Grundbestandes DNB, 19 April 2012
[https://web.archive.org/web/20160303184551/http://connect.ala.org/files/ALA_MFIG_Heuvelmann.pdf From Authority Control to Linked Authority Data] Presentation given by Reinhold Heuvelmann (German National Library) to the ALA MARC Formats Interest Group, June 2012

4 : Computer-related introductions in 2012|Library cataloging and classification|Unique identifiers|Creative Commons-licensed databases

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Types of GND high-level entities

See also

References

External links