| 词条 | Ruhnu Parish |
| 释义 |
| name = Ruhnu Parish | native_name = Ruhnu vald | settlement_type = Municipality of Estonia | image_skyline = Ruhnu kirikud.jpg | imagesize = 200px | image_caption = The old and new churches in Ruhnu village | image_flag = Flag of Ruhnu Parish.svg | flag_size = 125px | image_shield = Ruhnu vapp.jpg | shield_size = 75px | image_map = Eesti Ruhnu vald 2017.svg | mapsize = | map_caption = Ruhnu Parish marked in red | coordinates = | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = Estonia | subdivision_type1 = County | subdivision_name1 = Saare County | seat_type = Administrative centre | seat = Ruhnu village | leader_party = | leader_title = | leader_name = | area_total_km2 = 11.9 | established_title = | established_date = | population_total = 141 | population_as_of = 2018 | population_density_km2 = auto | timezone = EET | utc_offset = +2 | timezone_DST = EEST | utc_offset_DST = +3 | website = {{URL|http://www.ruhnu.ee}} }}Ruhnu Parish (Estonian: Ruhnu vald) is a municipality in Saare County in Estonia. It encompasses the island of Ruhnu in the Gulf of Riga in the Baltic Sea, together with a number of uninhabited islets. Its population is the smallest of any of Estonia's 79 municipalities, the parish being exempt from the usual minimum population size of 5000 inhabitants.[1] The seven members of the parish council all sit as independents and were elected on 15 October 2017.[2] The parish has only one village, Ruhnu village, in the centre of the island with a few households elsewhere. There are 60 permanent inhabitants during winter time; in summer the number increases to 150. There is a school, museum, library, two churches, rural municipality government, society house and cultural centre, first-aid point, guest harbour and local marine rescue team. There are two shops on the island.[3] Ruhnu rural municipality was formed on 19 December 1991. Of all the parishes in Estonia, it has one of the biggest percentages of young people under age of 29 (29%), and the smallest percentage of people older than 65 (11%). The biggest employer is the public sector, with tourism also becoming more active. In the southern part of the island near Ringsu cape, there is a weather station, airport, diesel electric power station and harbour. Six families are active in agriculture – beekeeping, cattle and sheep breeding.[4] Before World War II Ruhnu was populated almost exclusively by ethnic Swedes. All but two families were evacuated to Sweden in 1944, and the island was repopulated by Estonian civilians. After Estonian independence in 1991, buildings, land, and other property on the island were returned to the original owners, or to their descendants. 60% of the land in Ruhnu Parish is currently in the ownership of Swedish citizens.[5] Ruhnu was part of Saaremaa district until 1950 when the Soviet authorities transferred it to Pärnu district. It was again assigned to Saaremaa in 1986.[6] In 2016 Estonian Public Broadcasting reported the possibility of Ruhnu Parish returning to the authority of Pärnu.[7] In 2013 Ruhnu's parish council discussed a proposal to merge the island's administration with the City of Tallinn.[8] References1. ^[https://news.err.ee/120626/government-unveils-forced-merger-plan-for-small-municipalities ERR News. Government unveils forced merger plan for small municipalities.] {{Saaremaa}}{{coord|57|48|N|23|15|E|region:EE_type:city|display=title}}2. ^[https://www.err.ee/636664/kov-2017-tulemused-ruhnu-vald ERR Uudised. KOV 2017 tulemused: Ruhnu vald.] (Estonian) 3. ^Ruhnu.ee. Welcome to Ruhnu! 4. ^Eesti Entsüklopeedia. Ruhnu rural municipality. 5. ^Ruhnu.ee. Tutvustus ja asukoht. (Estonian) 6. ^Eesti Entsüklopeedia. Ruhnu during the Soviet period. 7. ^[https://news.err.ee/118109/parnu-county-wants-island-of-ruhnu-back ERR News. Pärnu County wants island of Ruhnu back.] 8. ^[https://news.err.ee/106429/distant-island-mulls-merger-with-tallinn ERR News. Distant Island Mulls Merger With Tallinn.] 3 : Ruhnu|Municipalities of Estonia|Villages in Saare County |
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