| 词条 | Ise-katagami |
| 释义 |
Katagami (型紙) or {{nihongo|Ise-katagami|伊勢型紙}} is the Japanese craft of making paper stencils for dyeing textiles. It is designated one of the Important Intangible Cultural Properties of Japan. The art is traditionally centered on the city of Suzuka in Mie Prefecture. This is good for making a certain shape or picture within your project. It is different from IseWashi though both are made in Mie Prefecture. DescriptionMultiple layers of thin washi paper are bonded with a glue extracted from persimmon, which makes a strong flexible brown coloured paper. The designs can be extremely intricate, and consequently fragile. Nowadays the stencils are sometimes sold as artwork, attached to hand fans, or used to decorate screens and doors in Japanese rooms. For kimono printing the stencils are stabilized by attaching them to a fine silk net. In past times, human hair was used instead of silk, but silk is less likely to warp and can be finer. TechniqueThree sheets of {{Nihongo|washi|和紙}} or Japanese paper are pasted together with {{Nihongo|kakishibu|柿渋}}, tannin-rich persimmon juice.[1] The pattern is excised using a variety of tools known as {{Nihongo|dōgu-bori|道具彫り}}.[2] Four principal cutting techniques are used:
The stencils are then used for resist dyeing.[1] Rice paste is passed through the stencil onto silk. When dyed, the color does not adhere to the areas with rice paste. By multiple alignments of the stencil, large areas can be patterned. This technique was developed in France as Silk screen printing. The stencil is not generally used for more than one kimono, though multiple stencils can be cut at the same time. HistoryThe use of stencils was known by the Nara period, as is evident from objects in the {{Nihongo|Shōsōin|正倉院}}.[1] Later paper stencils developed alongside the kimono.[2] It is known as Ise-katagami since towns in Ise Province, now Mie Prefecture, were historic centres of the craft.[2] Production is now primarily localised around the town of Suzuka.[3] ConservationFormer practitioners {{Nihongo|Nakajima Hidekichi|中島秀吉}} (1883-1968),[4] {{Nihongo|Rokutani Baiken|六谷梅軒}} (1907-1973),[5] {{Nihongo|Nanbu Yoshimatsu|南部芳松}} (1894-1976),[6] {{Nihongo|Nakamura Yūjirō|中村勇二郎}} (1902-1985),[7] {{Nihongo|Kodama Hiroshi|児玉博}} (1909-1992),[8] and {{Nihongo|Jōnoguchi Mie|城ノ口みゑ}} (1917-2003)[9] were recognized as {{Nihongo|Living National Treasures|人間国宝}}. The {{nihongo|Association for the Preservation of Ise-Katagami|伊勢型紙技術保存会}} was founded in 1992.[1] Ise-katagami was designated an {{Nihongo|Important Intangible Cultural Property|重要無形文化財}} in 1993.[10][11] The Ise-Katagami Stencil Museum in Suzuka opened in 1997.[12] Collections
See also
References1. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.isekatagami.or.jp/history-1.html |title=Timeline |publisher=Association for the Preservation of Ise Katagami |accessdate=15 March 2011}} 2. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://int.kateigaho.com/spr05/katagami.html |title=Ise Katagami |publisher=Kateigaho International Edition |accessdate=15 March 2011}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://tourismmiejapan.com/search/spot.php?act=dtl&id=135 |title=Ise Katagami, Ise paper pattern |publisher=Mie Prefecture |accessdate=15 March 2011}} 4. ^{{cite web |url=http://kotobank.jp/word/中島秀吉 |title=講談社 日本人名大辞典 - 中島秀吉 |publisher=Kodansha |accessdate=15 March 2011}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://kotobank.jp/word/六谷梅軒 |title=講談社 日本人名大辞典 - 六谷梅軒 |publisher=Kodansha |accessdate=15 March 2011}} 6. ^{{cite web |url=http://kotobank.jp/word/南部芳松 |title=講談社 日本人名大辞典 - 南部芳松 |publisher=Kodansha |accessdate=15 March 2011}} 7. ^{{cite web |url=http://kotobank.jp/word/中村勇二郎 |title=講談社 日本人名大辞典 - 中村勇二郎 |publisher=Kodansha |accessdate=15 March 2011}} 8. ^{{cite web |url=http://kotobank.jp/word/児玉博 |title=講談社 日本人名大辞典 - 児玉博 |publisher=Kodansha |accessdate=15 March 2011}} 9. ^{{cite web |url=http://kotobank.jp/word/城ノ口みゑ |title=講談社 日本人名大辞典 -城ノ口みゑ |publisher=Kodansha |accessdate=15 March 2011}} 10. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.bunka.go.jp/bsys/maindetails.asp?register_id=303&item_id=119 |title=Database of Registered National Cultural Properties |publisher=Agency for Cultural Affairs |accessdate=15 March 2011}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bunka.go.jp/bunkazai/pamphlet/pdf/pamphlet_en_05.pdf |title=Intangible Cultural Heritage in Japan |page=14 |publisher=Agency for Cultural Affairs |accessdate=15 March 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110524022138/http://www.bunka.go.jp/bunkazai/pamphlet/pdf/pamphlet_en_05.pdf |archivedate=24 May 2011 |df= }} 12. ^{{cite web |url=http://tourismmiejapan.com/search/spot.php?act=dtl&id=182 |title=Ise-Katagami Stencil Museum |publisher=Mie Prefecture |accessdate=15 March 2011}} 13. ^{{Cite news|url=http://blog.mak.at/katagami-im-mak/|title=Von Blatt zu Blatt: Die aufwendige Erschließung der Katagami-Sammlung des MAK - MAKblog|date=2018-03-27|work=MAKblog|access-date=2018-03-30|language=de-DE}} 14. ^https://figshare.com/projects/Katagami_in_practice_Japanese_stencils_in_the_art_school/24037 External links{{Commons category-inline|Katagami}}
6 : Japanese paper|Textile arts of Japan|Textile patterns|Paper art|Important Intangible Cultural Properties of Japan|Culture in Mie Prefecture |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。