“Izere language”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

Izere language

释义

Phonology
Consonants Vowels Tonemes
References

{{Infobox language
|name=Izere
|altname=Afusare
|nativename=Izarek
|region=Kaduna State, Bauchi State, Plateau
|states=Nigeria
|speakers={{sigfig|103,000|2}}
|date=1993–2007
|ref=e18
|familycolor=Niger-Congo
|fam2=Atlantic–Congo
|fam3=Benue–Congo
|fam4=Plateau
|fam5=Central ?
|fam6=Izeric
|lc1=izr|ld1=NE & NW Izere
|lc2=cen|ld2=Cèn (Chen)
|lc3=gne|ld3=Ganàng (Gashish)
|glotto=none
|glotto2=izer1242
|glottoname2=Izeric, incl. Firan
|glottorefname2=Izeric
}}

Izere is a dialect continuum of Plateau languages in Nigeria. According to Blench (2008), it is four languages, though Ethnologue does not distinguish NW and NE Izere. The Cen and Ganang varieties are spoken by only 2000 each. Cen has added Berom noun-class prefixes and consonant alternation to an Izere base.

Phonology

The Izere phonetic inventory includes 29 consonants and seven vowels and distinguishes three tone levels; two additional contour tones appear only rarely, in loanwords and due to onomatopoeia.^[1]

Consonants

The consonant phonemes of Izere are shown in the following table.

Bilabial	Labiodental	Alveolar	Palato-alveolar	Palatal	Velar
Stop	p}} {{IPA\|b}}	t}} {{IPA\|d}}	c}} {{IPA\|j}}	k}} {{IPA\|ɡ}}	k͡p}} {{IPA\|ɡ͡b}}
Nasal	m}}	n}}	ɲ}}	ŋ}}	ŋ͡m}}
Trill	r}})
Fricative	f}} {{IPA\|v}}	s}} {{IPA\|z}}	ʃ}} {{IPA\|ʒ}}	h}}
Affricate	ts}}
Approximant	y}}, {{IPA\|ɥ}}	w}}
Lateral	l}}

Vowels

The vowel phonemes of Izere are shown in the following table.

Vowel phonemes
Front	Back
Close	i}}	u}}
Close-mid	e}}	o}}
Open-mid	ɛ}}
Open	{{IPA link\|ä\|a}}

Tonemes

There are three level (L, M & H) and two contour tonemes (LM & HL) in Izere; the latter two are found only in loanwords and onomatopoeia.

References

1. ^{{cite book|last1=Blench|first1=Roger|last2=Kaze|first2=Bitrus|title=Dictionary of the Izere language|url=http://www.rogerblench.info/RBOP.htm}}

Blench (2008) [https://web.archive.org/web/20140407193342/http://www.rogerblench.info/Language/Niger-Congo/BC/Plateau/General/Prospecting%20proto-Plateau%20Unicode.pdf Prospecting proto-Plateau]. Manuscript.

2 : Plateau languages|Languages of Nigeria

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