James Benson may refer to:

• James Rea Benson (1807–1885), Canadian businessman and politician
• James Benson (Medal of Honor) (1845–1890), United States Navy sailor
• James Benson (Jim Benson, c. 1945–2008), American spaceflight developer
• James William Benson (1826–1878), English scientific instrument maker and watchmaker

• Theodoric of York, Medieval Barber
• Theodorid II
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• Theodor kittelsen
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• Theodor Körner (president)
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• Theodor Ludwig Wilhelm von Bischoff
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