| 词条 | James D. Thornton |
| 释义 |
| name = James Dabney Thornton | image = California Supreme Court 1890 - James D. Thornton.jpg | imagesize = | caption =Cropped 1890 image of California Supreme Court Justice James D. Thornton. | order = | office = Associate Justice of the California Supreme Court | termstart = January 5, 1880 | termend = January 5, 1891 | nominator = | appointer = Direct election | predecessor = New seat established by Constitution of California of 1879 | successor = Charles H. Garoute | birth_date = {{birth date|1823|01|19}} | birth_place = Oak Hill, Cumberland, Virginia, U.S. | death_date = {{death date and age|1902|09|27|1823|01|19}} | death_place = San Francisco, California, U.S. | religion = Presbyterian | spouse = {{marriage|Sarah Frances Thornton|February 17, 1848}} |alma_mater= University of Virginia (BA) }} James Dabney Thornton (January 19, 1823–September 27, 1902) was an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of California from January 5, 1880 to January 5, 1891. Early life and educationThornton was born January 19, 1823, at Oak Hill in Cumberland, Virginia, to William Mynn Thornton and Elizabeth Anderson.[1][2] He studied at the University of Virginia, graduating in 1841.[2] After college, he read law for a year and then worked three years in a commercial house in Richmond, Virginia, while continuing his legal studies.[2] In November 1848, he and his wife moved to Eutaw, Alabama, where his wife's father, Harry Innis Thornton Sr., was a judge and member of the Alabama Legislature.[2] By 1851, Harry I. Thornton had moved to California and was appointed to the federal Public Land Commission to address property ownership in California.[3] In 1854, James Thornton also determined to move to California, arriving in San Francisco in June 1854.[4] There, he started a law firm with his father-in-law and John James Williams, whom he had befriended in Richmond, Virginia.[5] Judicial careerIn 1856, Thornton served as a district court commissioner for the Fourth district court in San Francisco.[6] In August 1858, he was nominated by the Democratic Lecompton Party for judge of the Fourth district court.[7] In June 1861, he attended the state convention of the Breckenridge Democratic Party, with pro-Southern sympathies.[8] During the Civil War, he refused to take the oath of allegiance to the United States, as did Solomon Heydenfeldt, who was born in Charleston, South Carolina.[9][2] At that time, his wife's brother, the attorney Harry Innis Thornton Jr., gave a speech on the floor of the California State Senate defending the Southern states' rights to succeed, and afterwards left to fight for the Confederacy.[10] In 1878, James Thornton was appointed judge of the Twenty-third district court by Governor William Irwin.[11][16] In 1879, when adoption of a new constitution required elections for all seats on the Supreme Court, Thornton was nominated by both the Democratic Party and Workingman's Party and was elected.[12][13][14][15] The newly elected judges drew lots to determine the length of term, and Thornton drew an 11-year term, the same length as Elisha W. McKinstry.[16][17] In November 1890, just prior to the end of his term, he ran unsuccessfully as a Democrat for judge of San Francisco County Superior Court.[18][19] Instead, after stepping down from the high court he returned to private practice.[20] He died September 27, 1902, in San Francisco.[21][22] Personal lifeOn February 17, 1848, he married Sarah Frances Thornton[23][24] in Eutaw, Alabama, and they had eleven children, including six who lived to adulthood: Crittenden Thornton, a lawyer in San Francisco;[25][26] Harry I. Thornton, Jr., who graduated from Hastings College of the Law;[26] Elizabeth Anderson 'Lizzy' Thornton (Mrs. John Crittenden Watson, an admiral); William M. Thornton, a banker in Montana and later businessman in Chicago;[27][28] Margaret Thornton (Mrs. Abbott Kinney of Santa Monica); and John Thurston Thornton, also a lawyer in San Francisco. Two other daughters died before adulthood: Ann Mary Thornton (1851 – 1870) and Gertrude Thornton (1855 – 1877). References1. ^{{cite book|last1=Johnson|first1=J. Edward|title=History of the California Supreme Court: The Justices 1850-1900, vol 1|date=1963|publisher=Bender Moss Co|location=San Francisco, CA|pages=143–145|url=http://library.courtinfo.ca.gov/included/docs/SCJC_Vol_1.pdf|accessdate=August 14, 2017}} 2. ^{{cite news|title=Alabama-Whig Convention|url=http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030213/1844-01-19/ed-1/seq-2/#date1=1789&sort=date&date2=1924&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&index=0&words=Harry+I+Thornton&proxdistance=5&rows=20&ortext=&proxtext=&phrasetext=harry+i.+thornton&andtext=&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1|accessdate=July 25, 2017|work=New-York Daily Tribune|publisher=Library of Congress Historic Newspapers|date=January 19, 1844|page=2}} 3. ^{{cite news|title=California Land Commissioner|url=http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82014594/1851-09-16/ed-1/seq-2/#date1=1789&sort=date&date2=1924&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&index=2&words=Harry+I+Thornton&proxdistance=5&rows=20&ortext=&proxtext=&phrasetext=harry+i.+thornton&andtext=&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1|accessdate=July 25, 2017|work=American Telegraph (Wash, DC)|publisher=Library of Congress Historic Newspapers|date=September 16, 1851|page=2}} 4. ^{{cite news|title=How San Francisco Society Folks Were Housed and Entertained Years Ago|url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SFC19011208.2.229.8&srpos=7&e=------190-en--20--1--txt-txIN-%22James+D.+Thornton%22-------1|accessdate=July 25, 2017|work=San Francisco Call|issue=91 (8)|publisher=California Digital Newspaper Collection|date=8 December 1901|page=14|quote=Judge H. T. Thornton and his son-in-law, Judge James D. Thornton, recently of the Supreme Court, on Green street, near Stockton}} 5. ^{{cite news|title=A Distinguished Lawyer Dead|url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=LAH18811009.2.14&srpos=9&e=------188-en--20--1--txt-txIN-%22James+D.+Thornton%22-------1|accessdate=July 25, 2017|work=Los Angeles Herald|issue=16 (44)|publisher=California Digital Newspaper Collection|date=9 October 1881|page=3|quote=While in Richmond he made the acquaintance of, and formed a friendship with, James D. Thornton, now of this city, afterward his partner for many years.}} 6. ^{{cite news|title=Commissioner's Sale of a Large Amount of Valuable Real Estate|url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=MDH18560418.2.7.2&srpos=1&e=------185-en--20--1--txt-txIN-%22James+D.+Thornton%22----1856---1|accessdate=July 25, 2017|work=Marysville Daily Herald|issue=173|publisher=California Digital Newspaper Collection|date=18 April 1856|page=2}} 7. ^{{cite news|title=By Telegraph to the Union, -Lecompton Convention|url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SDU18580828.2.9.1&srpos=7&e=------185-en--20--1--txt-txIN-%22James+D.+Thornton%22-------1|accessdate=July 25, 2017|work=Sacramento Daily Union|issue=15 (2315)|publisher=California Digital Newspaper Collection|date=28 August 1858|page=2}} 8. ^{{cite news|title=Democratic (Breckenridge) State Convention|url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SDU18610612.2.2&srpos=12&e=------186-en--20--1--txt-txIN-%22James+D.+Thornton%22-------1|accessdate=July 25, 2017|work=Sacramento Daily Union|issue=21 (3185)|publisher=California Digital Newspaper Collection|date=12 June 1861|page=1|quote=War, war exists among the States of the Union, amongst the American people, amongst the sovereign citizens of the respective States. it would be unnecessary for me now to Institute an Inquiry, or to bring forward proofs to establish who it was that Inaugurated that war. All the horrors that result from such a strife are to be precipitated upon the peaceful homes of our fellow-citizens of the South, and we cannot sit here Indifferent thereto}}--speech of James D. Thornton 9. ^{{cite news|title=Secession State Committee|url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=MDA18620809.2.10&srpos=4&e=------186-en--20--1--txt-txIN-%22James+D.+Thornton%22-------1|accessdate=July 25, 2017|publisher=California Digital Newspaper Collection|work=Marysville Daily Appeal|issue=31|date=9 August 1862|page=2}} 10. ^{{cite news|title=Col. H. I. Thornton Breathes His Last|url=http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn94052989/1895-02-26/ed-1/seq-7/#date1=1789&index=12&rows=20&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&words=Harry+HARRY+I+THORNTON+Thornton&proxdistance=5&date2=1924&ortext=&proxtext=&phrasetext=harry+i.+thornton&andtext=&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1|accessdate=July 25, 2017|work=The Morning Call (San Francisco, CA)|publisher=Library of Congress Historic Newspapers|date=February 26, 1895|page=7}} 11. ^{{cite news|title=Court Notes|url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=DAC18780416.2.8&srpos=6&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN-%22James+D.+Thornton%22-------1|accessdate=July 25, 2017|work=Daily Alta California|issue=30 (10232)|publisher=California Digital Newspaper Collection|date=16 April 1878|page=1|quote=Twenty-third District Court —This court organised yesterday morning, with the following officers: judge, James D. Thornton}} 12. ^{{cite news|title=Democratic Conventions|url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SDU18790704.2.2&srpos=30&e=------187-en--20--21--txt-txIN-%22James+D.+Thornton%22-------1|accessdate=July 25, 2017|work=Sacramento Daily Union|issue=8 (101)|publisher=California Digital Newspaper Collection|date=4 July 1879|page=1|quote=Judge Lake nominated James D. Thornton, of San Francisco, and spoke warmly in his favor.}} 13. ^{{cite news|title=The State Election|url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=MG18790906.2.10&srpos=12&e=------187-en--20--1--txt-txIN-%22E.+W.+McKinstry%22----1879---1|accessdate=July 25, 2017|work=Mariposa Gazette|publisher=California Digital Newspaper Collection|date=6 September 1879|page=12}} 14. ^{{cite news|title=Official Returns of the Election|url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SDU18791020.2.12&srpos=19&e=------187-en--20--1--txt-txIN-%22E.+W.+McKinstry%22----1879---1|accessdate=July 25, 2017|work=Sacramento Daily Union|issue=8 (191)|publisher=California Digital Newspaper Collection|date=20 October 1879|page=2}} 15. ^{{cite news|title=The State Government, Associate Justices|url=http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82014381/1880-01-10/ed-1/seq-3/#date1=1789&sort=date&date2=1924&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&index=17&words=D+J+Thornton&proxdistance=5&state=California&rows=20&ortext=&proxtext=&phrasetext=J.+D.+thornton&andtext=&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=2|accessdate=July 25, 2017|work=Sacramento daily record-union|publisher=Library of Congress Historic Newspapers|date=January 10, 1880|page=3}} 16. ^{{cite news|title=The Courts, Supreme Court|url=http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82014381/1880-01-13/ed-1/seq-2/#date1=1789&sort=date&date2=1924&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&index=18&words=D+J+Thornton&proxdistance=5&state=California&rows=20&ortext=&proxtext=&phrasetext=J.+D.+thornton&andtext=&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=2|accessdate=July 25, 2017|work=Sacramento Daily Record-Union|publisher=Library of Congress Historic Newspapers|date=January 13, 1880|page=2|quote=J. D. Thornton drew a term of eleven years}} 17. ^{{cite news|title=The New State Supreme Court|url=http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82014381/1880-01-06/ed-1/seq-1/#date1=1789&sort=relevance&rows=20&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&index=0&words=H+M+Myrick&proxdistance=5&date2=1924&ortext=&proxtext=&phrasetext=M.+H.+Myrick&andtext=&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=3|accessdate=August 16, 2017|work=Sacramento Daily Record-Union|publisher=Library of Congress Historic Newspapers|date=January 6, 1880|page=1}} 18. ^{{cite news|title=The Superior Judges|url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=DAC18901102.2.29&srpos=20&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN-%22James+D.+Thornton%22-------1|accessdate=July 25, 2017|work=Daily Alta California|issue=83 (125)|publisher=California Digital Newspaper Collection|date=2 November 1890|page=4|quote=The Democratic nominees for the Superior Bench are all worthy of popular support. Of Judge James D. Thornton it is unnecessary to speak at length.}} 19. ^{{cite news|title=Bay City Nominations|url=http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84025968/1890-10-09/ed-1/seq-1/#date1=1889&index=1&date2=1891&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&words=D+James+Thornton&proxdistance=5&state=California&rows=20&ortext=&proxtext=&phrasetext=james+d.+thornton&andtext=&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1|accessdate=July 25, 2017|work=Los Angeles herald|publisher=Library of Congress Historic Newspapers|date=October 9, 1890|page=1|quote=The Democrats made the following nominations tonight: Superior judges, long term, James D. Thornton, present supreme court judge.}} 20. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite news|title=Judge James Thornton Passes to Last Rest|url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SFC19020930.2.24&srpos=4&e=------190-en--20--1--txt-txIN-%22James+D.+Thornton%22-------1|accessdate=July 25, 2017|work=San Francisco Call|issue=87 (122)|publisher=California Digital Newspaper Collection|date=30 September 1902|page=3}} 21. ^1 {{cite news|title=Deaths of the Day, James D. Thornton|url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=LAH19021001.2.32&srpos=1&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN-%22James+D.+Thornton%22-------1|accessdate=July 25, 2017|work=Los Angeles Herald|issue=363|publisher=California Digital Newspaper Collection|date=1 October 1902|page=2}} 22. ^{{cite news|title=Grave Closes Over a Jurist, Late James D. Thornton Is Buried in Laurel Hill Cemetery. High Tribute Is Paid to the Memory of Deceased by Noted Divines.|url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SFC19021001.2.91&srpos=11&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN-%22James+D.+Thornton%22-------1|accessdate=July 25, 2017|work=San Francisco Call|issue=123|publisher=California Digital Newspaper Collection|date=1 October 1902|page=7}} 23. ^{{cite news|title=Mrs. J. Reis|url=http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn94052989/1890-08-17/ed-1/seq-11/#date1=1889&index=4&date2=1891&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&words=D+James+Thornton&proxdistance=5&state=California&rows=20&ortext=&proxtext=&phrasetext=james+d.+thornton&andtext=&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1|accessdate=July 25, 2017|work=The Morning Call (San Francisco, CA)|publisher=Library of Congress Historic Newspapers|date=August 17, 1890|page=11|quote=Belonged to the well-known Thornton family...Mrs. James D. Thornton is her mother's sister, who married a gentleman of the same name but of most remote connection with the family.}} 24. ^{{cite news|title=Death Notices, Thornton, Sarah Frances|url=http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85066387/1904-05-04/ed-1/seq-14/#date1=1789&index=1&date2=1924&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&words=Dabney+James+Thornton&proxdistance=5&state=California&rows=20&ortext=&proxtext=&phrasetext=james+dabney+thornton&andtext=&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1|accessdate=July 25, 2017|work=The San Francisco Call|publisher=Library of Congress Historic Newspapers|date=May 4, 1904|page=14|quote=In this city, May 3, 1904, Sarah Frances, daughter of Harry Innis Thornton Sr., and widow of the late James Dabney Thornton, a native of Huntsville, Alabama, aged 78 years and 9 months.}} 25. ^{{cite news|title=Mrs. Sacher Dies in Paris|url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SFC19040208.2.69.4&srpos=2&e=------190-en--20--1--txt-txIN-%22James+D.+Thornton%22-------1|accessdate=July 25, 2017|work=San Francisco Call|issue=95 (70)|publisher=California Digital Newspaper Collection|date=8 February 1904|page=12}} 26. ^1 {{cite news|title=Thornton's Fate|url=http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn94052989/1893-04-03/ed-1/seq-1/#date1=1789&index=6&rows=20&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&words=Harry+I+Thornton&proxdistance=5&date2=1924&ortext=&proxtext=&phrasetext=harry+i.+thornton&andtext=&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1|accessdate=July 25, 2017|work=The Morning Call (San Francisco, CA)|publisher=Library of Congress Historic Newspapers|date=April 3, 1893|page=1|quote=All doubt has now been dispelled about the fate of Harry I. Thornton, a son of ex-Justice of the Supreme Court Thornton....Crittenden Thornton, a brother of Harry I. Thornton, Jr.}} 27. ^{{cite news|title=Personals|url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=DAC18870826.2.61&srpos=7&e=------188-en--20--1--txt-txIN-%22James+D.+Thornton%22-------1|accessdate=July 25, 2017|work=Daily Alta California|issue=42 (13874)|publisher=California Digital Newspaper Collection|date=26 August 1887|page=4|quote=W. M. Thornton, a banker of Montana, is visiting his father, Judge James D. Thornton, of the Supreme Court.}} 28. ^{{cite news|title=Personal|url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=DAC18891002.2.51&srpos=6&e=------188-en--20--1--txt-txIN-%22James+D.+Thornton%22-------1|accessdate=July 25, 2017|work=Daily Alta California|issue=81 (94)|publisher=California Digital Newspaper Collection|date=2 October 1889|page=4|quote=Wm. M. Thornton, son of Supreme Justice James D. Thornton of this State, is a candidate for State Senator on the Democratic ticket in Deer Lodge, Montana.}} External links
See also
before= New seat established by Constitution of California of 1879 | | title= Associate Justice of the California Supreme Court | years= 1880 - 1891 | after= Charles H. Garoute}}{{S-end}}{{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Thornton, James D.}} 12 : 1823 births|1902 deaths|University of Virginia alumni|California Democrats|U.S. state supreme court judges admitted to the practice of law by reading law|Superior court judges in the United States|California Supreme Court justices|Lawyers from San Francisco|20th-century American judges|19th-century American judges|People from Cumberland County, Virginia|People from Greene County, Alabama |
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