“James Martin Child”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

James Martin Child {{post-nominals|country=GBR|MC*}} (20 October 1893 –23 August 1918) was a World War I flying ace. A British citizen living in Canada when the war began, he returned home for service. After being assigned to the Royal Flying Corps, he was credited with eight aerial victories. He died while rescuing a fellow pilot from a crashed aircraft.

Early life

James Martin Child, son of Constance Octavio and Tylney Harris Child of Leytonstone, England,^[1] was born on 20 October 1893. The youthful Child moved to Canada, worked in a bank, and was a prospector for minerals. He was still in Canada when the First World War started.^[2]

World War I

Child was a Canadian militia member; however, somehow he couldn't return to England with the Canadian Expeditionary Force, so he paid his own passage home to England. Once there, he was commissioned into the Durham Light Infantry.^[2] He then transferred to the Manchester Regiment. He was seconded to the Royal Flying Corps in the first half of 1916. He first served in No. 4 Squadron, but was posted to No. 19 Squadron in July 1916^[3] as a Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.12 pilot.^[4]

He scored his first victory on 23 April 1917. On 12 May 1917, Second Lieutenant Child, who was already serving as a temporary lieutenant, was appointed a temporary captain for service as a Flight Commander.^[5] He was also Mentioned in Despatches.^[4] He scored three victories in all while flying Spad VIIs during April, May and June 1917 before he was removed from combat.^[3] Subsequently, on 28 September 1917, the King of Belgium invested him as a Chevalier in the Order of Leopold II.^[6]

He returned to combat as a flight commander in No. 84 Squadron and tallied five more victories during October and November 1917 while piloting Royal Aircraft Factory SE.5a serial number B562. Once again relieved from combat duty, he returned to England in February 1918, detailed as an instructor.^[3]

On 15 March 1918, he was awarded the Belgian War Cross.^[7] It was followed by the Military Cross, gazetted on 5 July 1918:

Child died rescuing fellow officers from the wreckage of a plane crash at Drakemyre, Scotland.^[2] His remains were repatriated and buried in Plot C.R. 7284^[1] of Chingford Mount Cemetery in his native London.^[3] His brother, Jack Escott Child, as well as his sister, were subsequently interred in that same grave.^[2]

References

1. ^¹{{cite web|title=Captain James Martin Child|url=http://canadiangreatwarproject.com/searches/soldierDetail.asp?ID=18157|website=Canadian Great War Project|accessdate=30 January 2018}}
2. ^¹²³{{cite web|title=Capt James Martin Child|url=https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/42031312/james-child|website=Find a Grave|accessdate=30 January 2018}}
3. ^¹²³{{cite book|last1=Guttman|first1=Jon|title=SPAD VII Aces of World War 1|date=25 August 2001|publisher=Osprey Publishing|isbn=978-1841762227|page=42}}
4. ^¹{{cite book |ref=harv |first1=Christopher F. |last1=Shores |first2=Norman |last2=Franks |first3=Russell F. |last3=Guest |title=Above the Trenches: a Complete Record of the Fighter Aces and Units of the British Empire Air Forces 1915–1920 |location=London, UK |publisher=Grub Street |year=1990 |isbn=978-0-948817-19-9 |page=104}}
5. ^{{London Gazette |issue=30109|date=2 June 1917 |page=5437|supp=y}}
6. ^{{London Gazette |issue=13147|date=28 September 1917 |page=2070|city=e }}
7. ^{{London Gazette |issue=13223|date=15 March 1918 |pages=1021,1023|city=e }}
8. ^{{London Gazette |issue=30780 |date=5 July 1918 |pages=7895,7900|supp=y }}