“Saanen goat”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Saanen goat

释义

History
Characteristics
Use and management
References

{{Infobox goat breed
| name = Saanen
| image = Saanenziege.jpg
| image_size =
| image_alt = a short-haired white nanny goat on grass
| image_caption = Saanen nanny on the Engstligenalp
| status = FAO (2007): no concern{{r|barb}}
| altname = {{Unbulleted list|{{lang-de|{{noitalic|Saanenziege}}}}|{{lang-fr|{{noitalic|Chèvre de Gessenay}}}}|{{lang-it|{{noitalic|Capra di Saanen}}}}}}
| nickname =
| country = Switzerland
| distribution = worldwide
| standard = {{Unbulleted list|[https://web.archive.org/web/20150203235501/http://szzv.caprovis.ch/files/Rassenstandard_2014_DE_DEFINITIV_130214.pdf SZZV (German)]|SZZV (French)|SZZV (Italian)}}
| use = milk
| maleweight = minimum 85 kg{{r|szzv}}
| femaleweight = minimum 60 kg{{r|szzv}}
| maleheight = 90 cm{{r|szzv}}
| femaleheight = 80 cm{{r|szzv}}
| type =
| skincolour = white
| woolcolour = white
| facecolour =
| horns = horned or hornless
| beard =
| tassels =
| note = short-haired
}}

The Saanen, {{lang-de|'Saanenziege'}}, {{lang-fr|'Chèvre de Gessenay'}}, is a Swiss breed of domestic goat. It takes its name from the Saanental in the Bernese Oberland, in the southern part of the Canton of Bern, in western Switzerland. It is a highly productive dairy goat and is distributed in more than eighty countries worldwide.{{r|dad}}

History

The Saanen originates in the historic region of the {{Interlanguage link multi|Saanenland|de}} ({{lang-fr|{{noitalic|Comté de Gessenay}}}}) and in the neighbouring Simmental, both in the Bernese Oberland, in the southern part of the Canton of Bern, in western Switzerland.{{r|dad2}} Because of its high productivity, the Saanen has since the nineteenth century been exported to many countries of the world.

The Saanen is reported from more than eighty countries. The total world population is reported to be over 900,000 head.{{r|dad}} Of these, some 14,000 are in Switzerland.{{r|cabi|page=404}}

Characteristics

The Saanen is the largest breed of Swiss goat:{{r|cabi|page=404}} billies stand about {{nobreak|90 cm}} at the withers and weigh a minimum of {{nobreak|85 kg}}.{{r|szzv}} It has white skin and a short white coat; some small pigmented areas may be tolerated.{{r|szzv}} It may be horned or hornless, and tassels may be present. The profile may be straight or somewhat concave; the ears are erect and point upwards and forwards.{{r|cabi|page=404}}

Use and management

The Saanen is the most productive milk goat of Switzerland,{{r|cabi|page=404}} which has the most productive milking goats in the world.{{r|cabi|page=345}} Average milk yield is {{nobreak|838 kg}} in a lactation of {{nobreak|264 days}}.{{r|cabi|page=404}} The milk should have a minimum of 3.2% fat and 2.7% protein.{{r|szzv}}

The Saanen is not well suited to extensive management, and is usually raised intensively. Being pale-skinned, it does not tolerate strong sun.{{r|cabi|page=404}}

Because of its productivity, the Saanen has been exported all over the world, and has given rise to many local sub-breeds, often through cross-breeding with local goats. Among these local variants are the Banat White in Romania, the British Saanen, the French Saanen, the Israeli Saanen, the Russian White, the {{Interlanguage link multi|Weiße Deutsche Edelziege|de}} in Germany, and the Yugoslav Saanen.{{r|cabi|page=404}}

A black variant, the Sable Saanen, was recognised as a breed in New Zealand in the 1980s.{{r|cabi|page=398}}

References

1. ^Valerie Porter, Lawrence Alderson, Stephen J.G. Hall, D. Phillip Sponenberg (2016). [https://books.google.it/books?id=2UEJDAAAQBAJ Mason's World Encyclopedia of Livestock Breeds and Breeding] (sixth edition). Wallingford: CABI. {{ISBN|9781780647944}}.
2. ^Transboundary breed: Saanen. Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Accessed October 2016.
3. ^Saanen/Switzerland. Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Accessed October 2016.
4. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20150203235501/http://szzv.caprovis.ch/files/Rassenstandard_2014_DE_DEFINITIV_130214.pdf Rassenstandards (Ausgabe 01.01.2014)] (in German). Fédération suisse d'élevage caprin/Schweizerischer Ziegenzuchtverband/Federazione svizzera d'allevamento caprino. Archived 3 February 2015.

. Accessed October 2016.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]
}}{{Goat breeds of Switzerland}}

3 : Goat breeds|Dairy goat breeds|Goat breeds originating in Switzerland

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