| 词条 | Jan Gruszczyński |
| 释义 |
Early lifeHe was born at Sieradz, Central Poland in 1405AD into the Poraj Polish noble family. He was the son of a military officer John Sieradzki of Gruszczyce and his wife Margaret of Naramowice. He studied at the Jagiellonian University from 1431 to 1440, while working in the office of the king. In 1440 he travelled with King Władysław III of Varna to Hungary and then two years later took up in the rectory in his home town of Sieradz. He also worked in the office of Casimir the great being one of the co-authors of Casmir's centralizing policy. Episcipal careerIn 1450 he was appointed Bishop of Kujawski and was consecrated on 12 January 1451 in the church of the Holy Cross in Circle[3] His politics saw him engage with the Prussians and he was politically active in the thirteen year war. In 1463 became bishop of Kraków and archbishop of Gniezno from 1463 – 1472. In 1463 and 1466 he led diplomatic delegations to the Teutonic Knights in Brest Kujawski, and Toruń. Although he took ill in 1469 he managed a number of other missions but he died suddenly in Kraków on 8th or 9 October 1473 and was buried in Gniezno Cathedral, where his successor John devoted a magnificent tombstone of red marble. This now rests in a church founded by the Gruszczyńskich family in their estates near Iwanowice, Southern Poland.[4][5] References1. ^Jan Gruszczynski at catholic-hierarchy.com {{s-start}}{{s-bef | before=Jan Taszka Koniecpolski}}{{s-ttl |title=Grand Chancellor of the Crown | years=1450–unknown}}{{s-aft | after=Unknown}}{{s-rel|ca}}{{s-bef | before=Mikołaj Lasocki}}{{s-ttl |title=Bishop of Kujawy | years=1450–1463}}{{s-aft | after=Jan Lutek}}{{s-bef | before=Jan II ze Szprewy}}{{s-ttl |title=Bishop of Gniezno | years=1464–1473}}{{s-aft | after=Jakub III Siemieński}}{{s-bef | before=Jakub of Sienno}}{{s-ttl |title=Bishop of Kraków | years=1463–1464}}{{s-aft | after=Jan Lutek}}{{end}}{{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Gruszczynski, Jan}}2. ^Jan Gruszczyński 3. ^Rzymsko – Katolicka Parafia Podwyższenia Krzyża Świętego w Kole 4. ^Gąsiorowski A., Gruszczyński Jan Gasiorowski, Gruszczyński John, [in:] Greater Biographical Dictionary 1983, p 235 5. ^Marcel Kosman, Between the throne and the altar, Poznań, 2000, {{ISBN|83-7272-017-7}} 9 : Bishops of Kujawy and Włocławek|Bishops of Kraków|Archbishops of Gniezno|1405 births|1473 deaths|Polish diplomats|Chancellors of Poland|Clan of Poraj|Polish nobility |
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