| 词条 | Janjira State |
| 释义 |
|native_name = जंजिरा रियासत |conventional_long_name =Janjira State |common_name =Janjira |nation = British India |status_text = Princely State of British India In union with Jafrabad (1759 - 1948) |era = |year_start = 1489 |date_start = |event_start= |year_end = 1948 |date_end = |event_end= Indian independence |event1 = |date_event1 = |p1 = |s1 = India |flag_p1 = |flag_s1 = Flag of India.svg |image_flag = Janjira State Merchant Flag vector.svg |image_coat = |image_map = Janjira 1896.jpg |image_map_caption =Janjira 1896 |stat_area1 =839 |stat_year1 = 1931 |stat_pop1 = 110389 |today = Maharashtra, India |footnotes = }} Janjira State[1] was a princely state in India during the British Raj.[2] Its rulers were a Sidi dynasty of Habesha descent[2] and the state was under the suzerainty of the Bombay Presidency. Janjira State was located on the Konkan coast in the present-day Raigad district of Maharashtra. The state included the towns of Murud and Shrivardhan, as well as the fortified island of Murud-Janjira, just off the coastal village of Murud, which was the capital and the residence of the rulers. The state had an area of 839 km2, not counting Jafrabad, and a population of 110,389 inhabitants in 1931. Jafrabad, or Jafarabad state was a dependency of the Nawab of Janjira State located 320 km to the NNW. HistoryEstablishmentIn 1489 an Ethiopian at the service of the Ahmadnagar Sultanate took over the island of Janjira and established his rule. This was done through deceit by the Siddhies. They shortchanged the Koli Chief of native coastal settlement Ram Patil for feast and poisoning his food.[3][4][5][6][7][8] They captured the island where the fort Janjira stands. In the century that followed the rulers put themselves under the overlordship of the Sultanate of Bijapur. During the seventeenth and eighteenth century Janjira successfully resisted the repeated attacks of the Maratha Empire. Cooperation with the OttomansAccording to Ottoman records, a combined force from the Ottomans and Janjira routed a Portuguese fleet in 1587 at Yemen. From this moment onwards Janjira played an important role in resisting Portuguese influence in the region.[9] There's further record of Cooperation with the Ottoman Empire when the Ottoman fleet first arrived in Aceh prior to Ottoman expedition to Aceh has included 200 Malabar sailors from Janjira State to aid the region Batak and the Maritime Southeast Asia in 1539.[10] According to one records at one time Sultan Aurangzeb supplied the Siddis of Janjira state with 2,000 men, provisions, ammunitions along with two Frigates and two large Man-of-war battleships. The ship arrived at Bombay harbor under the commands of Siddi Kasim and Siddi Sambal at 1677.[11] The largest Mughal ship named Ganj-I-Sawai Which equipped with 800 guns and 400 musketeer type soldiers also stationed in the port of Surat[12] Another record from East India Company factory which written 1673 has reported the Siddis fleet which wintered from Bombay has five Frigates and two Man-of-wars beside of fifteen grabs vessels. It is because the formidable naval warfare skills of Siddis in Janjira that Aurangzeb granting annual payment of 400.000 Rupee for the maintenance of their fleet. Relations with the MarathasRivalry with the MarathasThe main competitor of the Sidis was the Angrias, a Maratha Koli[13] family with sea forts and ships, based in southern Konkan.[14] Treaty with MarathasIn 1733, Peshwa Bajirao of the Maratha Empire launched a campaign against the Siddis of Janjira. Bajirao's forces, however, did not take Janjira fort, though they captured much of the surrounding area; a favorable treaty gave the Marathas indirect control over virtually all of the Sidi's lands.[14] Post Maratha-ruleWhen the British came to the Konkan area, the repeated attacks of the Marathas against Janjira ceased. Janjira State was administered as part of the Deccan States Agency of the Bombay Presidency, founded in 1799. In the nineteenth century the rulers maintained a military force of 123 men.[15] Following the independence of India in 1947, the state was merged with India. RulersThe royal family of Janjira were Sidis, also known as 'Habshi', assumed to be from Abyssinia. Initially the rulers of the state held the title of 'Wazir', but after 1803 the title of 'Nawab' was officially recognized by the British Raj. They were entitled to an 11 gun salute by the British authorities.[16] Wazirs of Janjira
Thanadars of Jafarabad and Wazirs of Janjira
Nawabs
See also
References1. ^The History and Register of the Princely Families and States of India 2. ^1 {{cite EB1911 |wstitle=Janjira |volume=15 |page=152}} 3. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=DigPvwHTqJ4C&pg=PA92&dq=Ram+Patil+Janjira&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi1henC0MbfAhXJQo8KHYpHAV4Q6AEIHTAA#v=onepage&q=Ram%20Patil%20Janjira&f=false|title=An African Indian Community in Hyderabad: Siddi Identity, Its Maintenance and Change|last=Yimene|first=Ababu Minda|date=2004|publisher=Cuvillier Verlag|isbn=9783865372062|language=en}} 4. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=4bMIAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA435&dq=Ram+Patil+Janjira&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi1henC0MbfAhXJQo8KHYpHAV4Q6AEIIjAB#v=onepage&q=Ram%20Patil%20Janjira&f=false|title=Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency: Kola'ba and Janjira|date=1883|publisher=Government Central Press|language=en}} 5. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=4xduAAAAMAAJ&dq=Ram+Patil+Janjira&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Ram+Patil|title=African Elites in India: Habshi Amarat|last=Robbins|first=Kenneth X.|last2=McLeod|first2=John|date=2006|publisher=Mapin|isbn=9788188204731|language=en}} 6. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=-3CPc22nMqIC&pg=PA158&dq=Ram+Patil+Janjira&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi1henC0MbfAhXJQo8KHYpHAV4Q6AEIMTAE#v=onepage&q=Ram%20Patil%20Janjira&f=false|title=The African Dispersal in the Deccan: From Medieval to Modern Times|last=Ali|first=Shanti Sadiq|date=1996|publisher=Orient Blackswan|isbn=9788125004851|language=en}} 7. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=mdpcgy_aopwC&pg=PA197&dq=Ram+Patil+Janjira&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi1henC0MbfAhXJQo8KHYpHAV4Q6AEIPTAG#v=onepage&q=Ram%20Patil%20Janjira&f=false|title=The African Diaspora in the Indian Ocean|last=Jayasuriya|first=Shihan de S.|last2=Pankhurst|first2=Richard|date=2003|publisher=Africa World Press|isbn=9780865439801|language=en}} 8. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=dhtzBAAAQBAJ&pg=PT102&dq=Ram+Patil+Janjira&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi1henC0MbfAhXJQo8KHYpHAV4Q6AEIRTAI#v=onepage&q=Ram%20Patil%20Janjira&f=false|title=Sea Forts of India|last=Chilka|first=Amit|date=2014-09-08|publisher=Osmora Incorporated|isbn=9782765903611|language=en}} 9. ^{{cite book|author=Ottoman court chroniclers |title=Muhimme Defterleri, Vol. 62 f 205 firman 457, Avail Rabiulavval 996|year=1588}} 10. ^Cambridge illustrated atlas, warfare: Renaissance to revolution, 1492–1792 by Jeremy Black p.17 [https://books.google.com/books?id=neUKEvaYPZYC&pg=PA17] 11. ^{{cite book |author=Shanti Sadiq Ali |title=The African Dispersal in the Deccan: From Medieval to Modern Times |publisher=Orient Blackswan |location=Paris |year=1996 |pages=260 Pages |isbn=8125004858}} 12. ^{{cite book|last1=Roy|first1=Kaushik|title=War, Culture and Society in Early Modern South Asia, 1740-1849|date=30 Mar 2011|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=9781136790874|page=13|edition=Volume 3 Asian States and Empires|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=zp0FbTniNaYC&pg=PA13&dq=ottoman+janjira&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=ottoman%20janjira&f=false|accessdate=8 November 2015}} 13. ^{{Cite news|url=https://theprint.in/opinion/as-nda-cadet-i-was-witness-to-vice-admiral-awatis-kindness/145378/|title=As NDA cadet, I was witness to Vice Admiral Awati’s kindness|last=|first=|date=5 November 2018|work=ThePrint|access-date=}} 14. ^1 {{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/25914184|title=The Marathas, 1600-1818|last=1945-|first=Gordon, Stewart,|date=1993|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=|isbn=9780521268837|location=|pages=123|oclc=25914184}} 15. ^Great Britain India Office. The Imperial Gazetteer of India. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908 16. ^Janjira Princely State (11 gun salute) 17. ^* 7 MAY 2010 - TILL DATE ZAINUL ABEDIN KHAN (M) (B. 1988- ABHI HUM ZINDA HAIN) Princely States of India External links
5 : Bombay Presidency|Muslim princely states of India|Konkan|Raigad district|African diaspora |
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