1. January 1, 1913 (Wednesday)

2. January 2, 1913 (Thursday)

3. January 3, 1913 (Friday)

4. January 4, 1913 (Saturday)

5. January 5, 1913 (Sunday)

6. January 6, 1913 (Monday)

7. January 7, 1913 (Tuesday)

8. January 8, 1913 (Wednesday)

9. January 9, 1913 (Thursday)

10. January 10, 1913 (Friday)

11. January 11, 1913 (Saturday)

12. January 12, 1913 (Sunday)

13. January 13, 1913 (Monday)

14. January 14, 1913 (Tuesday)

15. January 15, 1913 (Wednesday)

16. January 16, 1913 (Thursday)

17. January 17, 1913 (Friday)

18. January 18, 1913 (Saturday)

19. January 19, 1913 (Sunday)

20. January 20, 1913 (Monday)

21. January 21, 1913 (Tuesday)

22. January 22, 1913 (Wednesday)

23. January 23, 1913 (Thursday)

24. January 24, 1913 (Friday)

25. January 25, 1913 (Saturday)

26. January 26, 1913 (Sunday)

27. January 27, 1913 (Monday)

28. January 28, 1913 (Tuesday)

29. January 29, 1913 (Wednesday)

30. January 30, 1913 (Thursday)

31. January 31, 1913 (Friday)

32. References

The following events occurred in January 1913:

January 1, 1913 (Wednesday)

• Parcel post was inaugurated in the United States.^[1][2]
• Louis Armstrong, as an 11-year-old boy in New Orleans, was arrested by police after firing his stepfather's pistol to celebrate the arrival of the new year. He was sentenced by the juvenile court to 18 months at the Colored Waifs' Home, where his musical talent would be perfected, and he would go on to fame as one of America's greatest jazz artists.^[3]
• The Council of the Russian Empire adopted a law freeing the last of the Russian serfs. In 1861, the Caucasus had been exempt from the emancipation of serfs there.^[4]
• The "Six Powers" (the United States, Great Britain, France, Russia, Germany and Japan) agreed to a $125,000,000 loan to China at 6 percent interest.^[5]
• Born: Shih Kien, Hong Kong character actor, in Shigang Village, Guangzhou, China (d. 2009)

January 2, 1913 (Thursday)

• U.S. Representative W. W. Wedemeyer of Michigan jumped overboard from the ocean liner Panama while returning to the United States, in an apparent suicide. Wedemeyer, who had been defeated in November 1912 in his bid for reelection, had accompanied U.S. President Taft in December on a visit to Panama as part of a 30-member congressional inspection party and was treated for depression in a Canal Zone hospital before sailing for home.^[6]
• The comic strip Bringing Up Father began an 87-year run. Created by George McManus, the strip about an Irish millionaire and his wife (Jiggs and Maggie) was a daily; it became a Sunday feature beginning April 14, 1918. After McManus died in 1954, the strip continued until May 28, 2000.^[7]
• Born: Anna Lee, English film and television actress, as Joan Boniface Winnifrith, in Ightham (d. 2004)
• Died: Léon Teisserenc de Bort, 57, French meteorologist credited for identifying the stratosphere

January 3, 1913 (Friday)

• Thomas Edison gave the first demonstration of his new invention, the kinetophone, at his laboratory in West Orange, New Jersey, described as "a combination of the moving picture machine and the phonograph, with a synchronizing device that is a marvel of mechanical ingenuity".^[8]
• Portugal's Prime Minister Duarte Leite resigned.^[9]
• The steamer Julia Luckenbach sank after a collision with the British steamer Indrakuala in Chesapeake Bay, killing 15 of the 23 people on board.^[10]
• U.S. Senator Joseph W. Bailey of Texas resigned with less than two months left in his term; he was replaced by Rienzi Johnston.^[2]
• Died: Jefferson "Jeff" Davis, 50, U.S. Senator for Arkansas since 1907.

January 4, 1913 (Saturday)

• Rienzi Melville Johnston was appointed as U.S. Senator from Texas, to serve the remaining two months of the term of Joseph W. Bailey. The Texas State Legislature did not approve of Governor Colquitt's appointment of Johnston and selected an Senator-elect Morris Sheppard to replace him.
• Born: Malietoa Tanumafili II, O le Ao o le Malo (Paramount Chief of Samoa), 1962-2007, at Apia (d. 2007)
• Died: Count Alfred von Schlieffen, 79, former chief of the general staff of the German Army.

January 5, 1913 (Sunday)

• Gottlieb von Jagow was named as the new Foreign Secretary of Germany.^[11]
• Died: Lewis A. Swift, 93, American astronomer.

January 6, 1913 (Monday)

• The United States town of Duvall, Washington was incorporated.
• The explosion of a boiler on the French battleship Massena killed 8 members of the crew.^[12]
• Born:
  • Edward Gierek, Polish Communist Party First Secretary from 1970 to 1980; in Porąbka (d. 2001
  • Loretta Young, American film and television actress; in Salt Lake City (d. 2000)

January 7, 1913 (Tuesday)

• The steamship Rosecrans was wrecked in a gale and ran aground on Peacock Spit, a spit off the coast of Oregon, killing 33 of the crew of 36.^[13]
• William M. Burton was awarded U.S. Patent No. 1,049,667 for his thermal cracking process, that would dramatically increase the supply of gasoline that could be developed from crude oil.^[14]
• Born: Shirley Ross, American actress and singer, as Bernice Gaunt in Omaha, Nebraska (d. 1975)
• Died: Paul Cleveland Bennett Nash, 35, U.S. Ambassador to Austria-Hungary, was found dead in his room at London's Claridge Hotel

January 8, 1913 (Wednesday)

• Serbia gave up its demand for a port on the Adriatic Sea as part of its negotiation at the London peace conference to end the Balkan War.^[15]
• Alfred Deakin resigned as leader of the opposition in Australia.^[2]
• Dr. Afonso Costa became the Portuguese premier.^[2]
• The Hotel McAlpin, largest in New York, opened with rooms for 2,500 guests. An unusual feature of the 25-story hotel was that was one floor was reserved exclusively for men, another for women, and the "sleepy sixteenth" floor was to be kept "quiet as a tomb" during the daytime.^[16]
• Died: Xavier Mertz, 30, Swiss-born Antarctic explorer and member of the ill-fated Far Eastern Party; of hypervitaminosis A. (b. 1882)

January 9, 1913 (Thursday)

• The explosion of a boiler on the riverboat James T. Staples killed 26 people and injured 21 others.^[17]
• Born:
  • Richard M. Nixon, 37th President of the United States (1969–74), in Yorba Linda, California, at 9:35 p.m.^[18] (d. 1994)
  • Eric Berry, British stage and film actor, in London (d. 1993)

January 10, 1913 (Friday)

• Moroccan rebels, under the command of Ahmed al-Hiba ambushed and killed a Mauritanian detachment of the French camel cavalry, the méhariste corps.^[19]
• Romania demanded that Bulgaria cede all territory between Silistria and the Black Sea.^[2]
• Born:
  • Gustáv Husák, Czechoslovakian Communist Party leader from 1971 to 1987 and President of Czechoslovakia 1975 to 1989, in Pozsonyhidegkút, Austria-Hungary (now Dúbravka, Slovakia) (d. 1991)
  • Mehmet Shehu, Albanian Communist politician, Prime Minister of Albania, 1954–81, in Tirana (committed suicide, 1981)
  • Franco Bordoni Italian World War II ace and racecar driver, in Milan (killed in plane crash, 1975)

January 11, 1913 (Saturday)

• Having recently proclaimed their independence from China, Tibet and Mongolia signed a mutual defense treaty that, under it terms, was "for all time".^[20]

• The Paris intra-urban transit system went entirely to electric streetcars, as the last horse-drawn streetcar made its final run on the city's rails.^[21]
• Ottawa's County Clerk was accidentally locked inside the vault at the courthouse, and nobody in the office knew the combination except for him. Fortunately, former clerk John Bell, living in Salina, remembered the combination "after spending an hour searching his memory for the correct numerals". After 2 1/2 hours, when the vault was opened, "the liberated Baldwin fell to the floor unconscious" from lack of oxygen but survived.^[22]
• Born: Lona Cohen, aka Helen Kroger, American Communist who became a spy for the Soviet Union; in Adams, Massachusetts. After fleeing the U.S., she and her husband, Morris Cohen, were given the identities of New Zealanders "Helen and Peter Kroger" and spied against the United Kingdom in the 1950s (d. 1992)

January 12, 1913 (Sunday)

• Alexandre Millerand quit as France's minister of war after Colonel du Paty de Clam was reinstated.^[23]

January 13, 1913 (Monday)

• U.S. Commerce Court judge Robert W. Archbald was convicted on five of 13 articles of impeachment by the U.S. Senate and removed from office. The vote was 68–5 on the first article, sufficient for removal. In all, he was convicted on three articles, acquitted on the other ten. He became only the third U.S. government official to be removed by the impeachment process.^[24]
• Electors in the 48 United States, chosen in the presidential election in November, met in their respective state legislatures to cast their electoral votes. Woodrow Wilson received 435 votes from 40 states, Theodore Roosevelt 88 from six states, and incumbent President Taft, favored only by Utah and Vermont, won eight votes.^[25]
• The Ulster Volunteer Force was organized by Sir Edward Carson and Sir James Craig to resist the Irish Home Rule Movement.^[26]
• Delta Sigma Theta, and African-American sorority, was founded by 22 women at Howard University who had become dissatisfied with the Alpha Kappa Alpha sorority. A century later, it would have 900 chapters in eight nations.^[27]
• The Harvard University Press was established at a meeting of the president and fellows of the university.^[28]
• The first attempt at airmail delivery in the United States began as aviator Harry M. Jones took off from Franklin Park in Boston with a pouch of mail bound for several destinations en route to New York City.^[29] Jones landed in Providence, Rhode Island 64 minutes later and collected more mail bound for New York. Plagued by frequent breakdowns and bad weather, Jones's {{convert|215|mi}} flight would not be completed until 46 days later, on March 10.^[30]
• Born: Murray Bowen, American psychiatrist and pioneer in differentiation of self and in family counseling, in Waverly, Tennessee (d. 1990)

January 14, 1913 (Tuesday)

• The London Peace Conference ended as the Balkan states and the Ottoman Empire were unable to reach an agreement in negotiations.^[31]
• Born: Luderin Darbone, American Cajun musician, in Evangeline Parish, Louisiana (d. 2008)

January 15, 1913 (Wednesday)

• The members of Britain's Royal Geographical Society voted overwhelmingly to admit women, after 82 years as an all-male organization.^[32]
• The first sickness benefits were paid under Britain's National Insurance Act 1911 as its provisions took effect. Men were eligible to receive ten shillings per week for illness, and women seven shillings and sixpence per week. After 13 weeks, the benefits for both men and women were five shillings a week.^[33]
• First Balkan War: The Ottoman battle cruiser Medjidie attacked and sank the Greek merchant ship Macedonia, which had been armed for use as a troop transport.^[34]
• Born:
  • Lloyd Bridges, American film and television actor, best known for portraying a free-lance scuba diver and adventurer on Sea Hunt TV series, in San Leandro, California (d. 1998)
  • Alexander Marinesko, captain of the S-13 submarine which sank the German ship Wilhelm Gustloff, killing 9,000 people; in Odessa (d. 1963)

January 16, 1913 (Thursday)

• The United Kingdom House of Commons passed the Irish Home Rule Bill on its third reading, by a vote of 367 to 257.^[35] The measure moved on to the House of Lords, which was expected to veto the bill, which happened on January 30.^[36]
• Russia's Grand Duke Michael was stripped of his rank as officer in the Russian Army, after his controversial marriage was met by the disapproval of his brother, Tsar Nicholas II.^[37]
• Srinivasa Ramanujan, a 26-year-old student in Madras, India, sent a letter to English mathematician G. H. Hardy, admitting that he had no formal mathematical training, but submitting more than 100 theorems that Hardy recognized as ingenious.^[38]
• The first wireless transmission between the U.S. and Germany was sent in the inauguration of a new telegraph system at Sayville, New York, with the message received in Berlin.^[39]
• Died: Thaddeus S. C. Lowe, 80, American meteorologist and balloonist, pioneer in aerial reconnaissance

January 17, 1913 (Friday)

• Prime Minister Raymond Poincaré was elected as the new President of France. After none of the three candidates received a majority on the first ballot, the result on the second round was Prime Minister Poincaré 483, Agriculture Minister Jules Pams 296 and Marie Eduard Maillant 69.^[40]
• Mohammad-Ali Ala al-Saltaneh became the new Premier of Persia.^[39]
• The six European powers sent a joint note advising the Ottoman Empire to surrender Adrianople and the Aegean Islands.^[2]

January 18, 1913 (Saturday)

• The British Antarctic Expedition was able to continue as the research ship Terra Nova finally broke through the ice outside of Antarctica's McMurdo Sound to pick up the Northern Party, the remaining members of the expedition. The group had set out to locate explorer the Southern Party that had been led by Robert Falcon Scott. Victor Campbell reported to the Terra Nova crew that Scott's party had reached the South Pole on January 17, 1912, but had all died on the return journey.^[41]
• Born: Danny Kaye, American film actor, as David Daniel Kaminsky in Brooklyn (d. 1987)

January 19, 1913 (Sunday)

• A new war between white Americans and the Ute Native American tribe was threatened when a group of 50 Utes confronted a 100-man posse from the Montezuma County, Colorado Sheriff's Office that had arrived the Southern Ute Indian Reservation to arrest one of the prominent Ute members, Big Rabbit, on charges arising from the shooting of a Mexican sheep herder during a gunfight that killed another Ute. Sheriff James Gawith and his deputies were met by a crowd of Utes armed with rifles, and vowed to fight to the death before surrendering their comrade.^[42] The standoff would continue for five more months and would require the intervention of Colorado Governor E. M. Ammons, who would announce on May 30 a settlement whereby Big Rabbit would surrender to Colorado authorities at Durango and be released on bond pending a fair trial, where he would be represented by a U.S. District Attorney.^[43]
• William H. Taft, the outgoing President of the United States who had been defeated for re-election in November, criticized the United States Senate in an address in commemoration of the 70th anniversary of the Order of the B'nai B'rith. "I had a dream that we were going to take a long step toward universal peace," he told the Jewish advocacy organization in New York, "but after negotiating a treaty with England and a treaty with France, I awoke." ^[44]
• For the first time in its brief history, the Chicago Grand Opera Company was forced to cancel its scheduled performance because of a labor strike. Hours before the curtain was to rise for Il Pagliacci, featuring visiting star dancer Adeline Genée, the chorus girls demanded a 50 cent raise for performing on Sunday, from $2.00 to $2.50. Reportedly, the manager "waved crisp $2 notes in their faces" and told the women "Take it or leave it!" The chorus chose the latter, and the patrons were given refunds.^[45]
• Born:
  • Rudolf Wanderone, American billiards player and entertainer who billed himself as "Minnesota Fats" after the release of the 1961 film The Hustler; in New York City (d. 1982)
  • Anthony Dexter, American film actor known for portraying Rudolph Valentino, Billy the Kid, Christopher Columbus and other the title roles in films; in Talmage, Nebraska (d. 2001)
  • Jan Linssen, Dutch footballer for Feyenoord known for never having committed a foul during a 22-year career in the first division (the Eredivisie) in the Netherlands soccer football leagues (d. 1995)
• Died: Claas Epp, Jr., 74, Russian Mennonite who had developed a following by predicting the Second Coming for March 8, 1889 and again on March 8, 1891

January 20, 1913 (Monday)

• Outgoing U.S. president Taft accepted a position as a professor at the Yale University College of Law.^[46]
• Aristide Briand was selected as the Prime Minister of France, to replace Raymond Poincaré, who had vacated the office after being elected president.^[47]
• Bulgaria, Serbia and Montenegro presented an ultimatum to the Ottoman Empire, giving the Turks 14 days to make a favorable reply to their demands or face a resumption of war.^[48]
• The first film footage of war scenes in color was shown, having been taken during the First Balkan War under the direction of British war correspondent Frederic Villiers, who accompanied a division of the Greek Army.^[49]
• Died: José Guadalupe Posada, 60, Mexican cartoonist and illustrator

January 21, 1913 (Tuesday)

• Canadian Member of Parliament W.F. MacLean of South York made the first proposal for a central Canadian bank, in a speech on the floor of the House of Commons.^[50]
• Died: Fanny Jackson Coppin, 75, African-American religious leader and education proponent

January 22, 1913 (Wednesday)

• The Worcester Gazette of Worcester, Massachusetts, published a story that cost Jim Thorpe his Olympic medals. One of the sportswriters for the Gazette had played minor league baseball in the Eastern Carolina League for the Fayetteville Highlanders and was aware that Thorpe had played in the league in the 1909 and 1910 seasons. The Gazette editor had spent eight days verifying the fact before breaking the news that Thorpe had played professional ball for Fayetteville and for the Rocky Mount Railroaders.^[51] The headline was "Thorpe With Professional Baseball Team Says Clancy", and quoted Charley Clancy, who had tipped off reporter Roy Johnson.^[52]
• The Ottoman Grand Council voted to surrender Edirne (Adrianople) to the Balkan Allies and to accept the other demands for peace, including ceding its Aegean islands and Edirne.^[53]
• Helen Miller Gould, America's "Queen Philanthropist", married Finley J. Shepard.^[54]
• Born:
  • William Conway, Irish Roman Catholic cardinal, Primate of All Ireland; in Belfast (d. 1977)
  • Carl F. H. Henry, American Protestant theologian, first editor of Christianity Today, publisher, in Long Island, New York (d. 2003)

January 23, 1913 (Thursday)

• The "Raid on the Sublime Porte" took place as the Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire, Kâmil Pasha, was forced to resign, at gunpoint, and Navy Minister Nazım Pasha was shot and killed. The mob of perpetrators, members of Enver Bey's rival organization, the Committee of Union and Progress, installed Mahmud Shevket Pasha as the new Grand Vizier.^[55]
• Seven U.S. soldiers were killed in the Philippines at Jolo during a fight with the Igorot residents.^[39]
• Born: Wally Parks, American drag racer and founder of the National Hot Rod Association; in Goltry, Oklahoma (d. 2007)

January 24, 1913 (Friday)

• Former Socialist Party presidential candidate Eugene V. Debs was arrested at Terre Haute, weeks after being indicted for obstructing justice.^[56] Debs was quickly released on bail, and the case would be dismissed in May.^[57]
• The Norwegian cabinet, of Jens Bratlie, resigned.^[2]
• The U.S. Senate approved the Lincoln Memorial. On January 29, the House appropriated $2 million for the building.^[2]

January 25, 1913 (Saturday)

• In an article for the Russian-language Paris newspaper Sozial Demokrat, Bolshevik activist Josef Dzhugashvili first used the a pseudonym based on the Russian word for steel "Stal" (Стал). The issue was dated January 12 because of the differences between the Julian calendar used in Russia at the time, and the Gregorian calendar that would be adopted later. "The National Question and Social Democracy" was signed with the name "K. Stalin", a "steel man", a name that Joseph Stalin would use thereafter.^[58]
• The U.S. House of Representatives passed the Dillingham-Burnett immigration bill, requiring a literacy test for all incoming immigrants, by a 166-71 margin.^[59]
• Born:
  • Witold Lutosławski, Polish composer, in Warsaw (d. 1994)
  • Huang Hua, Foreign Minister of China from 1976 to 1982 (d. 2010)

January 26, 1913 (Sunday)

• The body of John Paul Jones was inhumed at the chapel of the U.S. Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland, more than seven years after it had been returned to the United States from France.^[60]

January 27, 1913 (Monday)

• Arizona's four electoral votes for the 1912 U.S. presidential election (all 4 for the election winner, Woodrow Wilson) had still not been received at the U.S. Vice President's office when as the 6:00 p.m. deadline set by the Electoral College expired.^[61] Wilfred T. Webb, an Arizona legislator, had departed Phoenix on January 17 but had stopped in St. Louis, Missouri, rather than proceeding directly to the nation's capital. Webb arrived the next afternoon at 4:00 in the afternoon and told reporters, "I took my time about getting to Washington, because I was under the impression that I had until February 1 in which to deliver our four electoral votes." ^[62]
• The first new American five-cent pieces, known as "buffalo nickels", were manufactured at the Philadelphia mint.^[63]
• The British Cabinet voted to remove the women's suffrage bill from consideration in the House of Commons.^[64]

January 28, 1913 (Tuesday)

• The Young Turks council of the Committee of Union and Progress voted unanimously to fight the surrender of Edirne (Adrianople) and the Aegean islands, in accordance with the demands of the new leader, Enver Bey.^[2]
• Died: Segismundo Moret y Prendergast, 74, former Prime Minister of Spain.

January 29, 1913 (Wednesday)

• Alpha Kappa Alpha, the first African-American sorority, was incorporated.^[65]
• Born: Daniel Taradash, American screenwriter best known for From Here to Eternity and Bell, Book and Candle; in Louisville, Kentucky (d. 2003)

January 30, 1913 (Thursday)

• The United Kingdom's House of Lords rejected the Home Rule bill by a vote of 326-69.^[36]
• A no-confidence motion passed in the German Reichstag.^[2]
• The Ottoman Empire replied to the ultimatum of the Great Powers at the end of the First Balkan War and agreed to give up most of Edirne (Adrianople) except for the Muslim shrines, but it refused to surrender its Aegean islands.^[66]
• Born: Amrita Sher-Gil, Hungarian-born Indian woman painter, Budapest (d. 1941)
• Died: Hasan Riza Pasha, 41, the Ottoman governor of Scutari and defender against the Montenegrin siege, was assassinated in a plot by Essad Pasha Toptani, who took over as commander of Ottoman forces the next day.^[67]

January 31, 1913 (Friday)

• Ahmed Izzet Pasha was appointed commander-in-chief of Ottoman forces.^[2]
• Gunnar Knudsen became Prime Minister of Norway for the second time, and would serve until 1920.
• Died: James Ludovic Lindsay, Earl of Crawford, 65, English scientist and philatelist.

References

• "Record of Current Events", The American Monthly Review of Reviews (June 1912), pp. 289–292

• Dwayne Robinson
• Dwayne Sabb
• Dwayne Sandy
• Dwayne Simpson
• Dwayne's Photo
• Dwayne Stukes
• Dwayne Sweeney
• D'Wayne Taylor
• Dwayne "the Rock" Johnson
• Dwayne "The Rock" Johnson (entertainer)
• Dwayne Umbarger
• Dwayne West
• Dwayne Whylly
• D'wayne Wiggins
• Dwayyo
• DWBA
• DWBC
• DWBC-AM
• DWB (disambiguation)
• DWBG
• DWBL
• DWBL 1242
• DWBR-FM
• D. W. Brogan
• DW Brooks