| 词条 | Safi, Morocco |
| 释义 |
|official_name = Safi |other_name = safi |native_name = Asfi / ⴰⵙⴼⵉ / أسفي |nickname = Asfi |settlement_type = |motto = |image_skyline = Safi 1.png |imagesize = 300px |image_caption = Safi city |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = CUSafi2.gif |shield_size = 100px |image_blank_emblem = |blank_emblem_type = |blank_emblem_size = |image_map = |mapsize = |map_caption = |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |image_dot_map = |dot_mapsize = |dot_map_caption = |dot_x = |dot_y = |pushpin_map = Morocco |pushpin_label_position =bottom |pushpin_map_caption =Location in Morocco |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = Morocco |subdivision_type1 = Region |subdivision_name1 = Marrakesh-Safi |subdivision_type2 = Province |subdivision_name2 = Safi |subdivision_type3 = |subdivision_name3 = |subdivision_type4 = |subdivision_name4 = |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |leader_title1 = |leader_name1 = |leader_title2 = |leader_name2 = |leader_title3 = |leader_name3 = |leader_title4 = |leader_name4 = |established_title = |established_date = |established_title2 = |established_date2 = |established_title3 = |established_date3 = |area_magnitude = |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |area_blank1_title = |area_blank1_km2 = |area_blank1_sq_mi = |population_as_of = 2014 |population_footnotes =[1] |population_note = |population_total = 308508 |population_rank = 13th in Morocco |population_density_km2 = |population_density_sq_mi = |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_urban = |population_density_urban_km2 = |population_density_urban_sq_mi = |population_blank1_title =Ethnicities |population_blank1 = |population_blank2_title =Religions |population_blank2 = |population_density_blank1_km2 = |population_density_blank1_sq_mi = |timezone = |utc_offset = |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |coordinates = {{coord|32|17|N|9|14|W|region:MA|display=inline}} |elevation_footnotes = |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = |postal_code_type = |postal_code = |area_code = |blank_name = |blank_info = |blank1_name = |blank1_info = |website = |footnotes = }} Safi (Berber: Asfi, ⴰⵙⴼⵉ; {{lang-ar|أسفي}}, Portuguese: Safim) is a city in western Morocco on the Atlantic Ocean. The capital of Safi Province, it recorded a population of 308,508 in the 2014 Moroccan census.[1] The city was under protectorate by the Portuguese Empire from 1488 to 1541, was the center of the nation's weaving industry, and became a fortaleza of the Portuguese Crown in 1508.[3] Safi is the main fishing port for the country's sardine industry, and also exports phosphates, textiles and ceramics. During the Second World War, Safi was the site of Operation Blackstone, one of the landing sites for Operation Torch. EtymologyThe city's name as it is locally pronounced is "Asfi", which was Latinized as "Safi" and "Safim" under Portuguese rule. "Asfi" means flood or river estuary in Berber and comes from the Berber root "sfi/sfey" which means to flood, to spill or to pour. 11th-century geographer Al-Idrisi gave an apparently false explanation to the origin the name "Asfi" as he linked it to the Arabic word "Asaf" (regret); Asafi (my regret). He based this claim on a strange story about some sailors from al-Andalus who sailed to discover the other end of the Atlantic Ocean but got lost and landed on some island where the natives captured them and sent them back on their ships blindfolded. The ships eventually ended on the shores of "Asfi" and locals helped the lost sailors and told them that they were two months away from their native land al-Andalus. Upon hearing this one of the sailors responded by saying: "Wa asafi" (Oh my regret). Al-Idrisi wrote that from that time the city carried the name "Asafi". This story is thought to be a legend and unlikely explanation of the origin of the name.[4] ClimateSafi has a hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification Csa). {{Weather box|width = auto |location = Safi |single line = Yes |metric first = Yes |Jan high C = 18.2 |Feb high C = 19.0 |Mar high C = 20.6 |Apr high C = 21.3 |May high C = 23.3 |Jun high C = 24.6 |Jul high C = 28.8 |Aug high C = 29.2 |Sep high C = 27.6 |Oct high C = 25.2 |Nov high C = 21.6 |Dec high C = 18.8 |year high C = 23.2 |Jan mean C = 13.0 |Feb mean C = 13.8 |Mar mean C = 14.9 |Apr mean C = 16.0 |May mean C = 18.3 |Jun mean C = 20.3 |Jul mean C = 23.7 |Aug mean C = 24.1 |Sep mean C = 22.6 |Oct mean C = 20.0 |Nov mean C = 16.6 |Dec mean C = 13.7 |year mean C = 18.1 |Jan low C = 7.7 |Feb low C = 8.5 |Mar low C = 9.2 |Apr low C = 10.8 |May low C = 13.3 |Jun low C = 16.0 |Jul low C = 18.5 |Aug low C = 18.9 |Sep low C = 17.5 |Oct low C = 14.8 |Nov low C = 11.6 |Dec low C = 8.5 |year low C = 12.9 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 79.2 |Feb precipitation mm = 67.4 |Mar precipitation mm = 45.4 |Apr precipitation mm = 44.5 |May precipitation mm = 16.8 |Jun precipitation mm = 4.0 |Jul precipitation mm = 0.3 |Aug precipitation mm = 0.3 |Sep precipitation mm = 4.3 |Oct precipitation mm = 42.7 |Nov precipitation mm = 92.1 |Dec precipitation mm = 91.5 |year precipitation mm = 488.5 |Jan precipitation days = 12.4 |Feb precipitation days = 10.1 |Mar precipitation days = 9.8 |Apr precipitation days = 9.5 |May precipitation days = 5.1 |Jun precipitation days = 1.6 |Jul precipitation days = 0.4 |Aug precipitation days = 0.4 |Sep precipitation days = 1.8 |Oct precipitation days = 6.5 |Nov precipitation days = 10.1 |Dec precipitation days = 12.3 |year precipitation days = 80.0 |Jan sun = 205.5 |Feb sun = 208.5 |Mar sun = 258.7 |Apr sun = 277.8 |May sun = 314.4 |Jun sun = 298.0 |Jul sun = 325.8 |Aug sun = 316.5 |Sep sun = 263.0 |Oct sun = 243.6 |Nov sun = 204.1 |Dec sun = 198.7 |year sun = 3116.6 |source 1 = NOAA[5] |date=November 2011 }} HistorySafi, under the name Safim (Zaffim or Asfi), is one of the oldest cities in Morocco, hence its foundation date is unknown. According to historian Mohammed al-Kanuni, Safi must be identified with the ancient Thymiaterium or Carcunticus and was founded by the Carthaginian Hanno during his Periplus as related by Pliny the Elder.[6] Under the Almohads it functioned as an important port to the capital Marrakesh. The city was under Portuguese rule from 1488 to 1541; it is believed that they abandoned it to the Saadians (who were at war with them), since the city proved difficult to defend from land attacks. The Portuguese fortress built to protect the city is still there today. After 1541, the city played a major role in Morocco as one of the safest and biggest seaports in the country. Many ambassadors to the Saadian and Alaouite kings during the 16th–18th centuries came to Morocco via Asfi; its proximity to Marrakech, then capital of Morocco, helped expand the maritime trade in the city. A French Navy captive, Bidé de Maurville, who wrote the account of his stay in Morocco in his 1765 book Relations de l'affaire de Larache, reported the presence of an important number of foreign trading houses in the city : Dutch, Danish, British and French. After the Sultan Mohammed ben Abdallah built the city of Mogador, he banned foreign trade in all Moroccan ports except in his newly built city. Consequently, Safi stopped playing a leading role in the Moroccan trade. Safi's patron saint is Abu Mohammed Salih. In 1942 as part of Operation Torch, American forces attacked Safi in Operation Blackstone. During November 8-10, 1942 the Americans took control over Safi and its port and took relatively few casualties compared to the other operations at Casablanca and at Port Mehdia. PopulationThe inhabitants are composed of Berbers and Arabs descended from the following:
Two Arab tribes namely:[7]
Also note that Safi had a large Jewish community that emigrated to France today, Canada or Israel, which at the time represented more than 20% of the population. SportFootball and rugby are popular sports in Safi. The local football team Olympic Safi have been competing in Morocco's premier football division, Botola, since 2004.The Rugby Union team of the same name is one of Morocco's best, having won the "Coupe du Trône" several times. ==Notable people from Safi==
See also
GalleryReferences1. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://rgph2014.hcp.ma/file/166326/ |title=POPULATION LÉGALE DES RÉGIONS, PROVINCES, PRÉFECTURES, MUNICIPALITÉS, ARRONDISSEMENTS ET COMMUNES DU ROYAUME D’APRÈS LES RÉSULTATS DU RGPH 2014 |language=ar, fr |publisher=High Commission for Planning, Morocco |date=8 April 2015 |accessdate=29 September 2017}} 2. ^ 3. ^{{cite book | title = A History of Portuguese Overseas Expansion 1400–1668 | last = Newitt | first = Malyn | publisher = Routledge | date = November 5, 2004 | page = 66 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=HDODAgAAQBAJ }} 4. ^{{cite book|last=Arabian American Oil Company, Aramco Services Company, Saudi Aramco|title=Aramco world, Volumes 42-43|year=1991|publisher=Aramco|pages=12|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pkkgAQAAMAAJ&q}} 5. ^{{cite web| url = ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/RA-I/FM/60185.TXT| title = Safi Climate Normals 1961–1990| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration| accessdate = March 16, 2015}} 6. ^Vincent J. Cornell, Realm of the Saint: Power and Authority in Moroccan Sufism, p. 326 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.safi-ville.com/population.php|title=Safi ville.com|first=Allal|last=MENNIS|website=www.safi-ville.com}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://streamog.com|title=streamog.com|website=streamog.com}} External links
5 : Safi, Morocco|Populated places in Safi Province|Provincial capitals in Morocco|Municipalities of Morocco|1488 establishments in the Portuguese Empire |
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