| 词条 | Jeremy England |
| 释义 |
|image = |image_size = |caption = |birth_name = |birth_date = 1982 |birth_place = Boston, Massachusetts |death_date = |death_place = |residence = | workplaces = Massachusetts Institute of Technology | thesis_title = Theory and Simulation of Explicit Solvent Effects on Protein Folding in Vitro and in Vivo | thesis_year = 2009 | thesis_url = https://books.google.com/books?id=pdRSVVB3NZIC&pg=PR5 |nationality= USA |field = Biophysics |alma_mater ={{plainlist |
}} |doctoral_advisor = Vijay S. Pande[2] |doctoral_students = |known_for = Dissipation-driven adaptation hypothesis of abiogenesis |influences = |prizes = |website = {{URL|http://www.englandlab.com/|Official Website}} }}Jeremy England is an American physicist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology who uses statistical physics arguments to explain the spontaneous emergence of life, and consequently, the modern synthesis of evolution.[3][4][5][6] England terms this process "dissipation-driven adaptation".[7] Early lifeEngland's mother was the daughter of Polish Jewish Holocaust survivors while his father was a non-observant Lutheran.[8] England was born in Boston[9] and raised in a college town in New Hampshire. He was raised Jewish but did not study Judaism until he attended graduate school at Oxford University. He now considers himself an Orthodox Jew.[8] England earned a bachelor's degree in biochemistry from Harvard in 2003. After being awarded a Rhodes Scholarship, he studied at St. John's College, Oxford from 2003 until 2005. He earned his Ph.D. in physics at Stanford in 2009.[1][10] In 2011, he joined the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Physics Department as an Assistant Professor.[9] Theoretical workEngland has developed a hypothesis of the physics of the origins of life, that he calls 'dissipation-driven adaptation'.[3][4][6] The hypothesis holds that random groups of molecules can self-organize to more efficiently absorb and dissipate heat from the environment. His hypothesis states that such self-organizing systems are an inherent part of the physical world.[8] Pulitzer-Prize winning science historian Edward J. Larson said that if England can demonstrate his hypothesis to be true, "he could be the next Darwin."[8] In popular cultureEngland and his 'dissipation-driven adaptation' theory features in Dan Brown's novel Origin. The fictional character is not related to the real Jeremy England.[11] See also
References1. ^1 {{citation |title=Curriculum Vitae- Jeremy L. England |url = http://www.englandlab.com/uploads/7/8/0/3/7803054/cv2014summer.pdf| accessdate= December 17, 2014 |publisher = EnglandLab.com}} 2. ^{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |first=Jeremy|last=England |title=Theory and Simulation of Explicit Solvent Effects on Protein Folding in Vitro and in Vivo |publisher=ProQuest, UMI Dissertation Publishing |date=2009|isbn=978-1243607553 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pdRSVVB3NZIC&pg=PR5|authorlink=Jeremy England}} 3. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/a-new-physics-theory-of-life/ |title=A New Physics Theory of Life |last1=Wolchover |first1=Natalie |date=Jan 28, 2014 |website=Scientific American |accessdate=Dec 11, 2014}} 4. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://rt.com/usa/massachusetts-physicist-solve-mystery-life-098/ |title=Massachusetts physicist claims he solved mystery of how life emerged from matter |date=Jan 23, 2014 |website=RT |accessdate=Dec 11, 2014}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://santitafarella.wordpress.com/2014/01/27/dissipation-driven-adaptive-organization-is-jeremy-england-the-next-charles-darwin/ |title=Dissipation-Driven Adaptive Organization: Is Jeremy England The Next Charles Darwin? |last1=Tafarella |first1=Santi |date=Jan 28, 2014 |website=Prometheus Unbound |accessdate=Dec 11, 2014}} 6. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://bigthink.com/ideafeed/mit-physicist-proposes-new-meaning-of-life |title=MIT Physicist Proposes New "Meaning of Life" |last1=Jones |first1=Orion |date=Dec 9, 2014 |website=Big Think |accessdate=Dec 11, 2014}} 7. ^{{Cite journal |last = Perunov|first = Nikolai|last2 = Marsland|first2 = Robert|last3 = England|first3 = Jeremy|year = 2016|title = Statistical Physics of Adaptation |arxiv = 1412.1875 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevX.6.021036 |volume=6 |issue = 2|pages = 021036|journal=Physical Review X|bibcode=2016PhRvX...6b1036P}} 8. ^1 2 3 Meet the Orthodox Jewish physicist rethinking the origins of life" by Simona Weinglass, The Times of Israel, October 29, 2015. 9. ^1 Faculty biography of Jeremy England, MIT Dept. of Physics, accessed Jan. 9, 2015. 10. ^{{cite web|last1=England|first1=Jeremy|title=Curriculum Vitae|url=http://www.englandlab.com/curriculum-vitae.html|publisher=englandlab|accessdate=April 14, 2017}} 11. ^{{cite web|title=Statement on Origin|url=http://www.englandlab.com/press.html|website=englandlab.com}} Further reading{{refbegin}}
External links
11 : 1982 births|Living people|American Orthodox Jews|American people of Polish-Jewish descent|21st-century American physicists|Jewish physicists|Massachusetts Institute of Technology faculty|Harvard University alumni|Stanford University alumni|American Rhodes Scholars|Alumni of St John's College, Oxford |
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