| 词条 | Jerzy Kluger |
| 释义 |
Early lifeJerzy Kluger was born in Kraków, Poland on 4 April 1921 and was raised in Wadowice. His father, Wilhelm, was a lawyer. The Klugers were members of the Jewish community of Wadowice, of which Wilhelm was president, but he nonetheless insisted that his family mix Jewish and secular identities. Hence, the family spoke Polish as opposed to Yiddish, and Jerzy and his siblings attended public schools as opposed to religious ones. The Jewish community of Wadowice had good relations with their Catholic neighbors, though anti-Semitism was not uncommon.[3] Kluger, who was called Jurek as a boy, met John Paul, then Karol Wojtyła and nicknamed Lolek, before they were five. They skied, hiked and played sports together; young Karol played goalie on Wadowice’s Jewish soccer team. They helped each other with homework, made devilish fun of teachers and visited each other’s homes almost daily.[4] Karol Wojtyla enjoyed listening to Wilhelm’s string quartet, composed of two Catholics and two Jews. Kluger loved to hear his friend’s father tell tales of Polish kings and castles in front of his coal-fired stove. He did not love his grandmother’s repeated question: “Why can’t you be more like Lolek?”[3] One incident left a profound impact on Kluger: After learning that both boys had passed their high school exams, he ran to the church, where he knew he would find his friend, to share the news. Another parishioner recognized Kluger as a Jew and asked why he had come there. When Wojtyla heard about the exchange, he responded, “Aren’t we all God’s children?”[4] World War II military serviceAfter the Germans invaded, Jerzy and his father sought to join the retreating Polish Army, finally catching up with the Polish troops and enlisting in Russia. His father was sent to Palestine; Jerzy was sent to Cairo, then Iraq and finally the front in Italy to fight. His sister and mother, who refused to leave his ailing grandmother, were taken away by Nazi soldiers. His grandmother was put on a train to the camp at Belzec, and died there. His mother and sister died in Auschwitz.[5] While fighting with the Polish army in Africa, Kluger met his future wife, Irene White, who was a driver for the British army. They were married in Egypt before Kluger fought at Monte Cassino, a key battle in the Italian campaign, in 1944. After the war, Kluger earned an engineering degree from the University of Nottingham and worked in that field before moving to Rome in the 1950s. FamilyPredeceased by his daughter, Lesley Kluger, who died in 2011, Kluger was survived by his widow; a second daughter, Linda (who died in 2015); and a grandchild. DeathKluger died on 31 December 2011 in Rome of Alzheimer's disease, aged 90. Portrayal in filmKluger was the inspiration for the character of "Roman" in 2005's TV miniseries based on the life of Pope John Paul II. He was portrayed by Italian actor Daniele Pecci. Literature
0-87596-478-8] References1. ^[https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/jerzy-kluger-boyhood-friend-of-pope-john-paul-ii/2012/01/02/gIQAhxR2WP_story.html Jerzy Kluger obituary in The Washington Post] {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Kluger, Jerzy}}2. ^[https://www.nytimes.com/1998/03/29/world/how-boyhood-friend-aided-pope-with-israel.html How Boyhood Friend Aided Pope With Israel] 3. ^1 https://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/08/world/europe/jerzy-kluger-pope-john-paul-iis-jewish-confidant-dies-at-90.html 4. ^1 https://articles.washingtonpost.com/2012-01-02/world/35439518_1_jerzy-kluger-catholic-jewish-relations-future-pope 5. ^http://christianactionforisrael.org/antiholo/kluger.html 10 : 1921 births|2011 deaths|Polish businesspeople|Polish emigrants to the United Kingdom|Polish Jews|Pope John Paul II|People from Kraków|Alumni of the University of Nottingham|Deaths from Alzheimer's disease|Disease-related deaths in Italy |
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