| 词条 | Jiangya Dam |
| 释义 |
| name = Jiangya Dam | name_official = | image = | image_size = | image_caption = | image_alt = | location_map = China | location_map_size = | location_map_caption = | coordinates = {{coord|29|32|26|N|110|44|22|E|type:landmark|display=inline,title}} | country = China | location = Zhangjiajie | status = O | construction_began = 1995 | opening = 1999 | demolished = | cost = US$400 million | owner = | dam_type = Concrete gravity | dam_height = {{Convert|131|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} | dam_height_thalweg = | dam_height_foundation= | dam_length = {{Convert|368|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} | dam_width_crest = | dam_width_base = {{Convert|107|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} | dam_volume = {{Convert|1370000|m3|cuyd|0|abbr=on}} | dam_elevation_crest ={{Convert|245|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} | dam_crosses = Loushui River | spillway_count = | spillway_type = | spillway_capacity = | res_name = | res_capacity_total = {{Convert|1740000000|m3|acre.ft|0|abbr=on}} | res_capacity_active = | res_capacity_inactive= | res_catchment = {{Convert|3711|km2|sqmi|0|abbr=on}} | res_surface = | res_elevation ={{Convert|236|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} | res_max_depth = | res_max_length = | res_max_width = | plant_hydraulic_head = {{Convert|80|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} (design) | res_tidal_range = | plant_operator = | plant_commission = 1998[1] | plant_decommission = | plant_type = | plant_turbines = 3 x 100 MW Francis-type | plant_capacity = 300 MW | plant_annual_gen = 756 GWh | website = | extra = }} The Jiangya Dam is a concrete gravity dam on the Loushui River, located {{Convert|50|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} northeast of Zhangjiajie in Hunan Province, China. The primary purpose of the multi-purpose dam is flood control but it also generates hydroelectricty, supplies water for irrigation and municipal use and improves navigation. BackgroundThe dam's power plant has a 300 MW capacity and generates on average 756 GWh annually. It provides for the irrigation of {{Convert|5570|ha|acre|0|abbr=on}}[2] and water storage for about 50,000 people. The dam also reserves {{Convert|740000000|m3|acre.ft|0|abbr=on}} for flood storage and supports a 20-ton ship lift. Construction on the dam began in 1995, the first generator was operational in 1998 and the project complete in 1999. The dam was constructed with roller-compacted concrete (RCC) and is noteworthy because it was the first dam to use the slope/inclined laying process as opposed to horizontal. This technique was used from the dam's midsection upward and reduced both the cost and time of construction.[3] The dam was constructed at a cost of about US$400 million, of which $97 million was provided by the World Bank.[1] DesignThe dam is a {{Convert|131|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} tall and {{Convert|368|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} long concrete gravity dam with a structural volume of {{Convert|1370000|m3|cuyd|0|abbr=on}}. The base of the dam is {{Convert|107|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} wide and the crest is at an elevation of {{Convert|245|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} while the reservoir has a normal elevation of {{Convert|236|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}. The dam sits at the head of a {{Convert|3711|km2|sqmi|0|abbr=on}} catchment area and creates a reservoir with a capacity of {{Convert|1740000000|m3|acre.ft|0|abbr=on}}.[4] The dam's spillway is controlled by four gates and at the base of the chutes, flip buckets dissipate the water's energy. Within the three center spillway piers are three intermediate outlets. These outlets and the spillway can discharge up to {{Convert|11700|m3/s|ft3/s|0|abbr=on}}. The dam's power house is located underground on the dam's right bank and contains three 100 MW Francis turbine-generators. The dam's 20 ton ship lift is located on the left bank and is {{Convert|935|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} long. The irrigation intake is located on the left bank of the reservoir.[5][6] See also{{stack|{{Portal|China|Water|Renewable energy}}}}
References1. ^1 {{cite web|title=Jiangya Water Control Project|url=http://chinagate.cn/english/1413.htm|publisher=China Internet Information Center.|accessdate=3 September 2011}} 2. ^{{cite web|title=Jiangya Water Control |url=http://sdz.zjwchc.com/zstz/gcjs/China/%E5%9C%B0%E4%B8%8B%E5%8E%82%E6%88%BF%E6%B0%B4%E7%94%B5%E7%AB%99/9.htm |publisher=Zhejiang College of Water Conservancy |accessdate=3 September 2011 |language=Chinese |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120331145808/http://sdz.zjwchc.com/zstz/gcjs/China/%E5%9C%B0%E4%B8%8B%E5%8E%82%E6%88%BF%E6%B0%B4%E7%94%B5%E7%AB%99/9.htm |archivedate=31 March 2012 |df= }} 3. ^{{cite book|last=...]|first=edited by L. Berga ... Organised by Spanish National Committee on Large Dams - SPANCOLD|title=Roller compacted concrete dams : proceedings of the IV International Symposium on Roller Compacted Concrete (RCC) Dams, 17–19 November 2003, Madrid, Spain|year=2003|publisher=Balkema|location=Rotterdam [u.a.]|isbn=90-5809-564-9|pages=979, 50|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=a5ph53CsiUsC&pg=PA51&lpg=PA51&dq=Jiangya+dam&source=bl&ots=BeZWSPryXU&sig=GKPgB6oA3R-aMZO0kfcwV6d04yk&hl=en&ei=iWthTraDKo2hmQWv6PTZDQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&sqi=2&ved=0CC8Q6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=Jiangya%20dam&f=false}} 4. ^{{cite web|title=China’s highest RCCs|url=http://www.chincold.org.cn/dams/DamInformation/damsinchina/webinfo/2010/07/1279253973986644.htm|publisher=Chinese National Committee on Large Dams|accessdate=3 September 2011}} 5. ^{{cite web|title=Briefing of Jiangya Dam |url=http://www.chinawater.net.cn/icold2000/st-c3-01.htm |publisher=China Water |accessdate=3 September 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120318080034/http://www.chinawater.net.cn/icold2000/st-c3-01.htm |archivedate=18 March 2012 |df= }} 6. ^{{cite web|title=Jiangya dam project |url=http://www.hnwr.gov.cn/tjgdw/zdb/zdb/201010/t20101014_8146.htm |publisher=Hunan Provincial Water Resources Department |accessdate=3 September 2011 |language=Chinese |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120331160341/http://www.hnwr.gov.cn/tjgdw/zdb/zdb/201010/t20101014_8146.htm |archivedate=31 March 2012 |df= }} 6 : Dams in China|Hydroelectric power stations in Hunan|Gravity dams|Dams completed in 1999|Roller-compacted concrete dams|Underground power stations |
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