| 词条 | Salina Cruz |
| 释义 |
|name = Salina Cruz |settlement_type =Municipality and town |other_name = |native_name = |nickname = |motto = |image_skyline =Salina Cruz Bay.jpg |imagesize = |image_caption = |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield =EscudoSalinaCruz.jpg |shield_size = |image_blank_emblem = |blank_emblem_type = |blank_emblem_size = |image_map =SalinaCruz.png |mapsize = 200px |map_caption = Location of the municipality in Oaxaca |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |image_dot_map = |dot_mapsize = |dot_map_caption = |dot_x = |dot_y = |pushpin_map = Mexico |pushpin_label_position =above |pushpin_mapsize = |pushpin_map_caption =Location in Mexico |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = {{flag|Mexico}} |subdivision_type1 = State |subdivision_name1 = Oaxaca |subdivision_type2 = |subdivision_name2 = |subdivision_type3 = |subdivision_name3 = |subdivision_type4 = |subdivision_name4 = |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |leader_title1 = |leader_name1 = |leader_title2 = |leader_name2 = |leader_title3 = |leader_name3 = |leader_title4 = |leader_name4 = |established_title = |established_date = |established_title2 = |established_date2 = |established_title3 = |established_date3 = |area_magnitude = |unit_pref = |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = 113.55 |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |area_blank1_title = |area_blank1_km2 = |area_blank1_sq_mi = |population_as_of =2005 |population_footnotes = |population_note = |population_total =76,219 |population_density_km2 = |population_density_sq_mi = |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_urban = |population_density_urban_km2 = |population_density_urban_sq_mi = |population_blank1_title = |population_blank1 = |population_blank2_title = |population_blank2 = |population_density_blank1_km2 = |population_density_blank1_sq_mi = |timezone = Central Standard Time |utc_offset = -6 |timezone_DST = Central Daylight Time |utc_offset_DST = -5 |coordinates = {{coord|16|10|N|95|12|W|region:MX|display=inline}} |elevation_footnotes = |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = |postal_code_type = |postal_code = |area_code = |blank_name = |blank_info = |blank1_name = |blank1_info = |website = |footnotes = }} Salina Cruz is a major seaport on the Pacific coast of the Mexican state of Oaxaca. It is the state's third-largest city and is the municipal seat of the municipality of the same name. It is part of the Tehuantepec District in the west of the Istmo Region. The city had a 2005 census population of 71,314, while its municipality, with an area of {{convert|113.55|km²|sqmi|abbr=on}} had a population of 76,219, the state's fourth-largest municipality in population. The port was developed in the late 19th century due to its location at the southern terminus of the Ferrocarril Transístmico, which carried freight across the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. HistorySalina Cruz is situated near the mouth of the Río Tehuantepec, on the open coast of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec on the Gulf of Tehuantepec, and has no natural harbour. There was only a small Native village before Salina Cruz was chosen as the Pacific terminus of the Tehuantepec National Railway, whereupon a modern town was laid out and built on adjacent higher ground and an artificial harbour was built by the Mexican government to accommodate the expected traffic. The new port was opened to traffic in 1907 and in 1909 its population was largely composed of labourers. The harbour was formed by the construction of two breakwaters, the western {{convert|3260|ft|abbr=on}} and the eastern {{convert|1900|ft|abbr=on}} long, which curve toward each other at their outer extremities and leave an entrance {{convert|635|ft|abbr=on}} wide. The enclosed space is divided into an outer and inner harbour by a double line of quays wide enough to carry six great warehouses with electric cranes on both sides and a number of railway tracks. Connected with the new port works was one of the then-largest dry docks in the world {{convert|610|ft|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|89|ft|abbr=on}} wide, with a depth of {{convert|28|ft|abbr=on}} on its sill at low water. The works were planned to handle an immense volume of transcontinental freight, and before they were finished four steamship lines had arranged regular calls at Salina Cruz. The municipalityAs municipal seat, Salina Cruz has governing jurisdiction over the following communities: Agua Blanca, Boca del Río, Colonia el Bosque, Colonia el Mirador, Colonia Estibadores, Colonia Granadillo, Colonia la Brecha, Colonia Miramar, Colonia Santita, Colonia Vista Hermosa, El Ciruelo, El Puentecito, Ensenada de la Ventosa, La Brecha (Rancho Moisés Aquino), La Hacienda (Palo Grande), Las Escolleras, Palo Grande, Playa Azul, Playa Brasil (Brasilito), Salinas del Marqués, San Antonio Monterrey, and San José del Palmar ClimateSalina Cruz experiences a tropical savanna climate (Köppen: Aw). This is because from November to March the precipitation is much smaller, mainly concentrated in summer similar to Asian monsoons, although it is not categorized as such. The seasons of the year can not be well demarcated, generally better defined by the rainy season in the central months of the year. Although precipitation is 1122.3 mm on average, it is usually concentrated in the summer, with August averaging 330.7 mm and February at only 1.6 mm. It is not uncommon for temperatures to rise from 35 ° C at some times of the year even in its coastal location. The winter is unknown and at times there is just something like the end of fall to early spring, the lower averages are above 21 ° C, moreover no temperature below 10 ° C has been recorded as in the Gulf of Mexico. High temperatures are present for much of the year. The hours of sunshine are always well above 200 hours a month, totaling 2670.6 in annual average, which shows a pleasant beach climate.[2][3]{{Weather box |width= 77% |location = Salina Cruz (1981–2000) |metric first = yes |single line = yes |Jan record high C = 38.8 |Feb record high C = 38.8 |Mar record high C = 39.4 |Apr record high C = 40.3 |May record high C = 41.3 |Jun record high C = 40.0 |Jul record high C = 38.1 |Aug record high C = 38.0 |Sep record high C = 37.9 |Oct record high C = 37.0 |Nov record high C = 36.2 |Dec record high C = 36.2 |year record high C = 41.3 |Jan high C = 31.1 |Feb high C = 31.8 |Mar high C = 32.6 |Apr high C = 34.1 |May high C = 35.2 |Jun high C = 34.0 |Jul high C = 34.5 |Aug high C = 34.2 |Sep high C = 33.6 |Oct high C = 33.1 |Nov high C = 32.5 |Dec high C = 31.5 |year high C = 33.2 |Jan mean C = 26.3 |Feb mean C = 26.8 |Mar mean C = 27.5 |Apr mean C = 28.9 |May mean C = 29.9 |Jun mean C = 29.0 |Jul mean C = 29.6 |Aug mean C = 29.6 |Sep mean C = 29.0 |Oct mean C = 28.5 |Nov mean C = 28.0 |Dec mean C = 27.0 |year mean C = 28.3 |Jan low C = 21.5 |Feb low C = 21.7 |Mar low C = 22.4 |Apr low C = 23.7 |May low C = 24.6 |Jun low C = 23.9 |Jul low C = 24.6 |Aug low C = 25.0 |Sep low C = 24.4 |Oct low C = 24.0 |Nov low C = 23.6 |Dec low C = 22.4 |year low C = 23.5 |Jan record low C = 15.6 |Feb record low C = 16.2 |Mar record low C = 16.0 |Apr record low C = 12.6 |May record low C = 18.4 |Jun record low C = 17.8 |Jul record low C = 19.6 |Aug record low C = 19.8 |Sep record low C = 19.2 |Oct record low C = 17.9 |Nov record low C = 17.0 |Dec record low C = 16.6 |year record low C = 12.6 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 4.1 |Feb precipitation mm = 1.6 |Mar precipitation mm = 6.6 |Apr precipitation mm = 3.4 |May precipitation mm = 62.0 |Jun precipitation mm = 286.0 |Jul precipitation mm = 147.1 |Aug precipitation mm = 330.7 |Sep precipitation mm = 193.8 |Oct precipitation mm = 71.6 |Nov precipitation mm = 10.7 |Dec precipitation mm = 4.8 |year precipitation mm = 1122.3 |Jan humidity = 57 |Feb humidity = 59 |Mar humidity = 61 |Apr humidity = 61 |May humidity = 64 |Jun humidity = 67 |Jul humidity = 65 |Aug humidity = 66 |Sep humidity = 66 |Oct humidity = 63 |Nov humidity = 59 |Dec humidity = 58 |year humidity = 62 |unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm |Jan precipitation days = 0.4 |Feb precipitation days = 0.4 |Mar precipitation days = 0.7 |Apr precipitation days = 0.4 |May precipitation days = 2.9 |Jun precipitation days = 9.7 |Jul precipitation days = 7.9 |Aug precipitation days = 8.6 |Sep precipitation days = 9.3 |Oct precipitation days = 3.9 |Nov precipitation days = 0.9 |Dec precipitation days = 0.5 |year precipitation days = 45.6 |Jan sun = 248.0 |Feb sun = 254.3 |Mar sun = 282.1 |Apr sun = 228.0 |May sun = 217.0 |Jun sun = 162.0 |Jul sun = 195.3 |Aug sun = 213.9 |Sep sun = 156.0 |Oct sun = 226.3 |Nov sun = 249.0 |Dec sun = 238.7 |year sun = |Jand sun = 8.0 |Febd sun = 9.0 |Mard sun = 9.1 |Aprd sun = 7.6 |Mayd sun = 7.0 |Jund sun = 5.4 |Juld sun = 6.3 |Augd sun = 6.9 |Sepd sun = 5.2 |Octd sun = 7.3 |Novd sun = 8.3 |Decd sun = 7.7 |yeard sun = 7.3 |source 1 = Servicio Meteorológico Nacional[3] |source 2 = Deutscher Wetterdienst (sun, 1941–1970)[4] }} Popular cultureSalina Cruz features as the focus for the novel Last Stop Salina Cruz (2007) by British novelist David Lalé. The novel tells the story of a young man following in the footpaths of modernist legend Arthur Cravan across France, Spain, USA, Mexico and finally Salina Cruz. See also
References1. ^ 2. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=33867&cityname=Salina+Cruz%2C+Oaxaca%2C+Mexico&units=|title=Salina Cruz - Climate Summary|last=|first=|date=|website=WeatherBase|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2018-12-24}} 3. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://smn.cna.gob.mx/observatorios/historica/salina.pdf |title=NORMALES CLIMATOLÓGICAS 1981–2000 |publisher=Servicio Meteorológico Nacional |language=Spanish |accessdate=February 17, 2016 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160218022910/http://smn.cna.gob.mx/observatorios/historica/salina.pdf |archivedate=February 18, 2016 |df= }} 4. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_768330_kt.pdf| title = Klimatafel von Salina Cruz, Oaxaca / Mexiko| work = Baseline climate means (1961–1990) from stations all over the world| publisher = Deutscher Wetterdienst| language = German| accessdate = February 17, 2016}}
External links
3 : Municipalities of Oaxaca|Populated places in Oaxaca|Port cities and towns on the Mexican Pacific coast |
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