| 词条 | John N. Coyne |
| 释义 |
|name = John Nicholas Coyne Jr. |image = File:John Nicholas Coyne, U.S. Medal of Honor Winner, c. 1907.jpg |caption = John N. Coyne, c. 1907 |birth_date = {{birth date|1839|11|14}} |birth_place = New York, New York |death_date = {{death date and age|1907|03|04|1839|11|14}} |death_place = Orange, New Jersey |placeofburial = Green-Wood Cemetery, Brooklyn, New York |allegiance = {{flag|United States of America|1861}} |branch = United States Army (Union Army) |serviceyears = |rank = Lieutenant colonel |unit = 7th New York Militia (Company G: private) 70th New York Infantry (Company B: sergeant, Company F: first lieutenant: Company D: captain) |battles = American Civil War:
|awards = {{Flagicon image|Medal of Honor ribbon.svg}} Medal of Honor }}John Nicholas Coyne Jr. (November 14, 1839 to March 4, 1907) was a United States military officer who fought with the Union Army as a member of the 70th New York Infantry during the American Civil War. He received his nation's highest award for valor, the U.S. Medal of Honor,[1] for capturing an enemy flag while engaged in hand-to-hand combat during the Battle of Williamsburg in Virginia on May 5, 1862. That flag was "[t]he first Confederate flag captured on the battle-field" by the Union Army during the war, according to historian Thomas S. Townsend.[2][3][4] Coyne's medal was conferred on April 18, 1888.[5][6] Formative yearsBorn in New York City, New York on November 14, 1839, John Nicholas Coyne Jr. was a son of John Nicholas Coyne Sr. (1815–1854), a native of Ireland, and New York City native Hannah Anne (Parke) Avery (1804–1888), whose first husband, Samuel Putnam Avery (1797-1832), had died in 1832. Initially reared in New York City with his brother, Charles Russell Coyne (1845–1899), and their half-siblings, Samuel P. (1822–1904), Hannah S.(1824–1885) and Susan Jane Avery (b. 1826), his life and that of his siblings changed with the death of their father on May 31, 1854. Sometime after John Coyne Sr.'s burial at the Green-Wood Cemetery in Brooklyn, John N. Coyne Jr. relocated with his mother and brother to Jersey City, New Jersey. By 1860, John Coyne was employed as an editor and residing with his mother, Hannah, and her third husband, John Owen Rouse (1818-1896), in Jersey City.[7] John Coyne Jr. then began his own family when he married Sallie Johnson Matthews sometime around 1862. Their daughter, Sadie Matthews Coyne was born in Pennsylvania on December 22, 1863.[8] Civil WarDuring the spring of 1862, Coyne performed the act of valor for which he would later be awarded the U.S. Medal of Honor. According to Medal of Honor historians W. F. Beyer and O. F. Keydel:[11] When the enemy were overtaken at Williamsburg [on May 5, 1862] the Third Excelsior, of the Seventieth New York Volunteers, was in advance. It was a dark, rainy morning. A heavy vapor covered the field, and the smoke of the battle obscured the scene. As the supporting regiment approached, the enemy, who were concealed in the thick woods, sent up the cry: 'Show us your colors!' The color-bearer waved the flag, and, as its folds spread out and showed the stars and stripes, the rebels advanced from the woods and opened fire. The fire was returned so effectively that they were driven back. Another advance, with re-enforcements, was also repulsed by the valiant Excelsiors. The flag captured by Coyne was reportedly the first Confederate States Army flag to be taken by a Union Army soldier on an American Civil War battlefield, according to historian Thomas S. Townsend.[12][13] Coyne was then wounded in action on June 1, 1862 while fighting with his regiment during the Battle of Seven Pines (also known as the Battle of Fair Oaks). After recuperating, he returned to duty, and fought with his regiment in the Battle of Fredericksburg (December 11–15). Three days after Christmas in 1862, Coyne was advanced in rank again, having been recommissioned as a first lieutenant.[14] After emerging from winter quarters, Coyne and his regiment were assigned, once again, to the 2nd Brigade, 2nd Division, III Corps in the Army of the Potomac. During the spring and summer of that year, they then fought in the Battle of Chancellorsville as part of the Chancellorsville Campaign (April 30 – May 6).[15] After emerging from winter quarters during the early spring of 1864, Coyne and his regiment were reassigned to the 2nd Brigade, 4th Division of the U.S. Army's II Corps from March to May and then re-assigned again in May to the 4th Brigade, 3rd Division within that same Corps. Ordered to duties associated with Lieutenant-General Ulysses S. Grant's Overland Campaign (May 4 – June 24, 1864), they then fought in the battles of the Wilderness (May 5–7), Spotsylvania Court House (May 8–21), North Anna (May 23–26), Totopotomoy Creek (May 28–30), and Cold Harbor (May 31 – June 12), and engaged in the Siege of Petersburg from June 9 until June 22 when the regiment was transported back to New York for muster out and reorganization. Although a number of 70th New York infantrymen were subsequently re-mustered into the 86th New York Infantry, Coyne was honorably mustered out in New York City on July 1, 1864.[18][19] Post-war lifeFollowing his honorable discharge from the military, Coyne returned to New Jersey, where he found work as a customs house clerk in Jersey City and resumed life with his wife, Sallie, and their daughter, Saidee. Another daughter, Mary, was then born in June of 1870.[20] During the 1880s and 1890s, he was active with the Mutual Aid Society of the Jersey City and Bergen Railroad Company.[21][22] In 1893, he attended the fourth annual convention of the Medal of Honor Legion, which was held at the Holland House in New York City in October.[23] By the fall of 1900, he had advanced professionally to become chief clerk of the disbursing department of the Customs House.[24] Coyne died from disease-related complications in Orange, New Jersey on March 4, 1907,[25] and was interred at the Green-Wood Cemetery in Brooklyn, New York on March 7. His funeral announcement noted that he was a member of the Military Order, Loyal Legion, United States (Commandery State of New York).[26] Medal of Honor citationRank and organization: Sergeant, Company B, 70th New York Infantry. Place and date: At Williamsburg, Va., May 5, 1862. Entered service at: New York, N.Y. Date of Issue: April 18, 1888:[5][6] {{quotation|The President of the United States of America, in the name of Congress, takes pleasure in presenting the Medal of Honor to Sergeant John Nicholas Coyne, United States Army, for extraordinary heroism on May 5, 1862, while serving with Company B, 70th New York Infantry, in action at Williamsburg, Virginia, for capture of a flag after a severe hand-to-hand contest; was mentioned in orders for his gallantry.}}See also{{Portal|Biography|United States Army|American Civil War}}
References1. ^{{Cite web |url=https://valor.defense.gov/Recipients/Army-Medal-of-Honor-Recipients/#c |title=Coyne, John N.", in U.S. Army Medal of Honor Recipients. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Defense. |accessdate=November 24, 2013}} 2. ^Townsend, Thomas S. [https://archive.org/details/01663801.3283.emory.edu/page/n109 The Honors of the Empire State in the War of the Rebellion], pp. 106, 313. New York, New York: A. Lovell & Co., 1889. 3. ^"[https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/70220995/ Lieutenant Colonel John N. Coyne]". Allentown, Pennsylvania: The Allentown Leader, March 8, 1907, p. 2. 4. ^"[https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/14327855/ Lieutenant Colonel John N. Coyne]" (obituary). Tyrone, Pennsylvania: Tyrone Daily Herald, March 5, 1907, p. 2. 5. ^1 {{Cite web |url=http://www.history.army.mil/moh/civilwar_af.html |title=Coyne, John N.", in Civil War (A-F) Medal of Honor Recipients. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Army Center of Military History. |accessdate=November 24, 2013}} 6. ^1 {{Cite web |url=https://valor.militarytimes.com/hero/1976 |title=John Nicholas Coyne", in The Hall of Valor, in Military Times. Tysons, Virginia: Sightline Media Group. |accessdate=November 24, 2013}} 7. ^"Coyne, John" and "Rouse, John O., Hannah J.", et. al., in U.S. Census (Jersey City, 2nd Ward, Hudson County, New Jersey, 1860). Washington, D.C.: U.S. National Archives and Records Administration. 8. ^"Coyne, John, Sallie and Sadie", in U.S. Census (Jersey City, Hudson County, New Jersey, 1870). Washington, D.C.: U.S. National Archives and Records Administration. 9. ^"Coyne, John N.", in "Report of the Adjutant-General (Seventieth Infantry)", p. 402. Saratoga Springs, New York: New York State Military Museum and Veterans Research Center. 10. ^"[https://www.nps.gov/civilwar/search-battle-units-detail.htm?battleUnitCode=UNY0070RI 70th Regiment, New York Infantry]", in "Battle Unit Details", in "The Civil War". Washington, D.C.: U.S. National Park Service, retrieved online October 3, 2018. 11. ^Beyer, W. F. and O. F. Keydel. Deeds of Valor from Records in the Archives of the United States Government: How American Heroes Won the Medal of Honor, Vol. I: “[https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nyp.33433081908182;view=1up;seq=47;size=200 Let's Capture Their Colors, Boys!]”, p. 27. Detroit, Michigan: The Perrien-Keydel Company, 1907. 12. ^Townsend, The Honors of the Empire State in the War of the Rebellion, pp. 106, 313. 13. ^"Lieutenant Colonel John N. Coyne", The Allentown Leader, March 8, 1907, p. 2. 14. ^"Coyne, John N.", in "Report of the Adjutant-General (Seventieth Infantry)", p. 402. 15. ^"70th Regiment, New York Infantry", in "Battle Unit Details", in "The Civil War", U.S. National Park Service. 16. ^"Coyne, John N.", in "Report of the Adjutant-General (Seventieth Infantry)", p. 402. 17. ^"70th Regiment, New York Infantry", in "Battle Unit Details", in "The Civil War", U.S. National Park Service. 18. ^"Coyne, John N.", in "Report of the Adjutant-General (Seventieth Infantry)", p. 402. 19. ^"70th Regiment, New York Infantry", in "Battle Unit Details", in "The Civil War", U.S. National Park Service. 20. ^"Coyne, John, Sallie, Saidee, and Mary", in U.S. Census (Jersey City, New Jersey, 1870). 21. ^"[https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn87068097/1889-11-29/ed-1/seq-1/#date1=1861&index=0&date2=1904&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&words=Coyne+John&proxdistance=5&state=New+Jersey&rows=20&ortext=&proxtext=&phrasetext=%22John+Coyne%22&andtext=&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1 Railroad Men Dance: The Jersey City and Bergen Mutual Aid Society]". Jersey City, New Jersey: The Jersey City News, November 29, 1889, p. 1. 22. ^"[https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn87068097/1890-08-01/ed-1/seq-4/#date1=1861&index=1&date2=1904&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&words=Coyne+John&proxdistance=5&state=New+Jersey&rows=20&ortext=&proxtext=&phrasetext=%22John+Coyne%22&andtext=&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1 J.C. and Bergen Picnic: The Mutual Aid Society Entertainment a Grand Success]". Jersey City, New Jersey: The Jersey City News, August 1, 1890, p. 4. 23. ^"[https://www.nytimes.com/1893/10/17/archives/medal-of-honor-convention-the-legion-meets-in-newyork-for-the-first.html Medal of Honor Convention.; The Legion Meets in New-York for the First Time in Its History]". New York, New York: The New York Times, October 17, 1893. 24. ^"[https://www.nytimes.com/1900/10/03/archives/newark-cuts-off-the-supply-passaic-water-for-cities-supplied-by-the.html Newark Cuts Off the Supply; Passaic Water for Cities Supplied by the East Jersey Company]". New York, New York: The New York Times, October 3, 1900. 25. ^"Lieutenant Colonel John N. Coyne" (obituary), Tyrone Daily Herald, March 5, 1907, p. 2. 26. ^"Coyne", in "[https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030272/1907-03-06/ed-1/seq-2/ Died]". New York, New York: The Sun, March 6, 1907, p. 2. External links
6 : 1839 births|1907 deaths|People of New York (state) in the American Civil War|Union Army officers|United States Army Medal of Honor recipients|American Civil War recipients of the Medal of Honor |
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