| 词条 | John Pettus (courtier) |
| 释义 |
LifeHe was the third son of Sir Augustine Pettus of Rackheath, Norfolk, by his second wife, Abigail, third daughter of Sir Arthur Heveningham of Heveningham, Suffolk.[2] He matriculated at Pembroke College, Cambridge in 1632.[3] He entered the service of Charles I in 1639, and was knighted on 25 November 1641, as a mark of the king's favour to Sir Richard Gurney, his father-in-law. Taken prisoner during the First English Civil War by Oliver Cromwell at Lowestoft, he was exchanged after 14 months' confinement in Windsor Castle.[2] Pettus then raised a regiment of horse, at his own expense; but moved on to garrison work, at Bath and Bristol. At the 1645 siege of Bristol his life was saved by Colonel Charles Fleetwood, a relation by marriage. Four charges were brought against him by the parliamentary committees of Norfolk and Suffolk, to two of which he gave satisfactory answers on his examination by the committee of sequestrations in September 1645. In November 1646 the remaining two charges were still unheard. In that year, however, he compounded, receiving support from Charles Fleetwood, whose friendship for him then caused Pettus to be suspected of disloyalty to the royalist cause. He took part in attempts to save the life of Charles I, and had to sell some of his property to meet the expenses.[2] After the king's execution Pettus supplied Charles II with money from time to time. He was confined by John Bradshaw for corresponding with the young king Charles, but after examination by the Council of State he was set free on bail of £4,000. In August 1651 he was assessed again but he was deep in debt, and paid only £40. In 1655 he addressed a petition to Cromwell, expressing fidelity to his government, and became deputy governor of the royal mines.[2] In 1663 Pettus became a Fellow of the Royal Society.[1] He was elected Member of Parliament for {{constlk|Dunwich}} on 21 March 1670, and in 1672 he was appointed deputy lieutenant for Suffolk, deputy to the vice-admiral, and colonel of a regiment of the trained bands. In these post he saw service during the Third Anglo-Dutch War, and was instrumental in raising £10,000 for the sick and wounded.[2] Originally wealthy, Pettus had purchased Cheston Hall, Suffolk, and other estates; but in later life was imprisoned for debt. In July 1679 he wrote to William Sancroft from the King's Bench prison, begging for a loan to set him free, and in 1683 he was said to be without financial resources. He remained deputy governor of the royal mines for more than 35 years, with a short break, and died in 1690.[2][1] WorksPettus published:[2]
He left also unpublished and unfinished works, including an autobiography to 1645.[2] FamilyPettus married Elizabeth Gurney in 1639. They had a son, Richard, who died in 1662, and a daughter, Elizabeth, who married Samuel Sandys, and died on 25 May 1714, aged 74. Relations with his wife were unhappy. She deserted him in 1657, returned after five years' absence, but after a short time left him again and entered a nunnery. In 1672 she secured his excommunication. In defence of his conduct he published A Narrative of the Excommunication of Sir J. Pettus, of the County of Suffolk … obtained against him by his lady, a Roman Catholic … with his … Answers to several aspersions raised against him by her, London, 1674.[2][5] Notes1. ^1 2 {{cite ODNB|id=22068|title=Pettus, Sir John|first=Stephen|last=Porter}} Attribution{{DNB|wstitle=Pettus, John|volume=45}}{{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Pettus, John}}2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{cite DNB|wstitle=Pettus, John|volume=45}} 3. ^{{acad|id=PTS632J|name=Pettus, John}} 4. ^{{cite book|author=John Arthur PHILLIPS|title=A Manual of Metallurgy ... Third edition, revised|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PT9YAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA2|year=1859|page=2}} 5. ^{{acad|id=PTS656R|name=Pettus, Richard}} 5 : 1613 births|1685 deaths|Cavaliers|Fellows of the Royal Society|17th-century English MPs |
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