| 词条 | Samir Kassir |
| 释义 |
| name = Samir Kassir {{lang|ar|سمير قصير}} | image = Samir Kassir Poster reduced 60percent.jpg | color_code = #FF0000 | caption = | birth_name = | birth_date ={{Birth date|1960|5|5|df=y}} | birth_place = Achrafieh, Beirut | death_date ={{death date and age|2005|06|02|1960|05|05|df=y}} | death_place = Achrafieh, Beirut | death_cause = Assassination | education = Paris-Sorbonne University Pantheon-Sorbonne University | occupation = Professor, Journalist, Activist, Historian, | alias = | title = | family = | spouse = Giselle Khoury | domestic_partner = | children = Mayssa Liana | relatives = | nationality = Palestinian, Lebanese, French | party = Democratic Left Movement | years_active= (1977-2005) | credits = | agent = | URL = http://www.samirkassirfoundation.org }}Samir Kassir ({{lang-ar|سمير قصير}}, May 1960 – 2 June 2005) was a Lebanese-French professor of history at Saint-Joseph University and journalist.[1] Early lifeSamir Kassir was a Antiochian Greek Orthodox. He came from a Lebanese-Palestinian father and a Lebanese-Syrian mother on 5 May 1960.[2] EducationKassir received his degree in political philosophy in 1984. He gained a DEA (roughly equivalent to a Master's degree in the British university system) in philosophy and political philosophy from Pantheon-Sorbonne University in the same year. He obtained his PhD in modern and contemporary history from Paris-Sorbonne University in 1990, with a thesis on the Lebanese Civil War.[2] JournalismSamir Kassir's journalistic career began when he was a seventeen-year-old secondary school student at the Lycée Français de Beyrouth, with unsigned contributions to the Lebanese Communist Party newspaper Al-Nidā'. The same year, he began contributing to the French-language daily L'Orient-Le Jour. From 1981 to 2000, he contributed to the French international political review Le Monde Diplomatique. In 1982 and 1983 he edited the newsletter Le Liban en Lutte (Struggling Lebanon), which was dedicated to the Lebanese resistance against the Israeli occupation. From 1984 to 1985 he edited the weekly Al-Yawm as-Sābi`, and from 1986 to 2004 he was a member of the editorial board of the Revue des Etudes Palestiniennes, the French-language journal of the Institute for Palestine Studies. From 1988 to 1989 he contributed to the London-based pan-Arab daily Al-Hayat. In 1995 he founded a new monthly political and cultural review, L'Orient L'Express, which he edited until it ceased publication in 1998, from lack of interest and pressure from the advertising industry. From that year on he was a professor at the "Institut des sciences politiques de l'Université Saint-Joseph" in Beirut. It was also in 1998 that Kassir became an editorial writer for the daily Al-Nahar newspaper. He became widely known for his popular weekly column in which he wrote strong articles against the pro-Syrian government. He also made frequent appearances on several television stations as a political analyst on news programs. Assassination and funeralKassir was assassinated using a car bomb in a Christian part of Beirut on 2 June 2005, just a few days after the general elections.[3][4] The investigation into his assassination is still underway, but to date no one has been indicted.[5] Since he had been constantly receiving threats from Lebanese and Syrian Intelligence Officers, there is widespread speculation in Lebanon that the perpetrators were the Lebanese-Syrian security apparatus or remnants of this force (as Syria has claimed that all its intelligence officers were out of Lebanon; in addition, the head of the Lebanese security forces had resigned). The Syrian government has denied these charges.[6] On 4 June, a funeral ceremony was performed for him in Beirut with the attendance of hundreds.[7] AftermathThere was widespread condemnation for the killing and many prominent opposition figures blaming the blast on the Lebanese and Syrian governments. Among them were Hariri's son, Saad Hariri, who said "the blood-stained hands that assassinated Rafiq Hariri are the same ones that assassinated Samir Kassir." Moreover, Elias Atallah, Secretary General of the Democratic Left Movement, urged his allies to the presidential palace and remove president Lahoud. However, the calls remained unanswered. Years later, March 14 allies admitted that had Lahoud been removed, Lebanon would have been spared the later political assassinations. Kassir was among the first victims in the growing list of political assassinations that occurred in Lebanon from 2004 to 2008. These began with the attempted assassination of Marwan Hamadeh and followed with the killing of Rafik Hariri in 2005. After Kassir, George Hawi, the former head of the Lebanese Communist Party was targeted by another car-bomb; this was followed by failed assassination attempts at former Interior Minister and former Syrian ally Elias Murr and popular LBCI TV anchorwoman and journalist May Chidiac who survived, but lost an arm and leg. On 12 December 2005, Samir Kassir's colleague, An Nahars chief editor, and top anti-Syria legislator Gebran Tueni, was killed by a car bomb. Pierre Amine Gemayel, the former Minister of Industry, was another victim in the series of assassinations. MP Walid Eido from the Hariri-led Future movement was killed near the Military Bath of Beirut on 13 June 2007. Shortly afterwards, MP Antoine Ghanem of the Lebanese Phalanges Party (aka Kataeb Party), was killed in another car bomb on 19 September 2007 in the Sin al-Fil suburb of Beirut. Then, second-in-command of the Lebanese Armed Forces, General François al-Hajj was killed in the military-secured suburb of Baabda on 12 December 2007. One month later, security chief and top Lebanese investigator into the International Tribunal for the Hariri assassination was killed in January 2008. Many have blamed Syria for all the recent assassinations of its opponents. ViewsA prominent left-wing activist, Kassir was a strong advocate of freedom for the Palestinians, democracy in Lebanon and Syria and a vocal critic of the Syrian presence in Lebanon. He was a keen advocate of secular democracy in the Middle East. " ... What [Arab-American] reconciliation needs, if the United States were really willing to reach such reconciliation, is first [America's] revision of its understanding of Arab democracy, which has been restricted until now, to the American convention that mandates Arabs give up their pan-Arab ties... and the issues that steer their feelings most, on top of them the Palestinian issue ..."[2] Known for his unrelenting courage, Kassir was unafraid of expressing trenchant opinions.[8] He continuously spoke for the rights of the Palestinians. He recognised courage and determination in others and took under his wing leading young pro-democracy and human rights activists such as Wissam Tarif, with whom Kassir developed a warm and close friendship. It was his non-compromising views on the Ba'ath government that many believe led to his assassination. He maintained a keen and sympathetic interest in Syria despite his criticism of its involvement in Lebanon, and was on close terms with many Syrian intellectuals, including those involved in the Damascus Spring. He was a founding member of the Democratic Left Movement, which won a seat in the Lebanese parliamentary elections of 2005. Kassir and the party he helped establish were both very influential in triggering the popular upheavals following Prime Minister Rafik Hariri's killing. WorksKassir's books, in French and Arabic, include a history of Beirut and a study of the Lebanese Civil War. He also co-authored a book about the Palestinian-Israeli conflict and Palestinian-French relations. His last book in Arabic concerned with the "Damascus Spring" and the consequences for Lebanon of Syrian political developments; Syrian dissident film-maker Omar Amiralay penned its introduction. Before his assassination, he was working on another book about the "Beirut Spring" that aimed to discuss the recent momentous developments in Lebanon, that was supposed to be published by Actes Sud. In February 2006, a book was published with the same title, by Actes Sud, but contained translations of Arabic articles written mainly after Hariri's assassination.
Personal lifeHe was an Eastern Orthodox Christian married to Giselle Khoury, a talk-show host on Al-Arabiya television. He is survived by two daughters, Mayssa and Liana, from a previous marriage. LegacyHis wife, Giselle Khoury, and a group of Kassir’s friends, students and colleagues from l'Orient Express, including writer Elias Khoury, created the Samir Kassir Foundation. One of the foundation’s objectives would be translating his works into English, Italian, and Norwegian. A special edition of l'Orient Express was published in November 2005 to celebrate its tenth anniversary under the title "The Unfinished Spring" and was dedicated in memory of Kassir. This project was initially Kassir's idea who was working on it before he was assassinated. A square in downtown Beirut, behind the Annahar building, was named in Kassir’s honor. The EU Delegation to Lebanon and the Kassir Foundation initiated a journalism prize in 2006.[9] Dina Abdel Mooti Darwich, an Egyptian journalist, won the first Samir Kassir Prize in 2006.[10] The Kassir Foundation erected a bronze statue of the journalist there on 2 June 2006, exactly a year after his assassination. References1. ^al-Ahram {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080520050445/http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2004/704/bo1.htm |date=20 May 2008 }} 19–25 August 2004 Issue No. 704 The not so sick man of Europe By Rasha Salti 2. ^1 2 {{Cite web | url=http://www.samirkassir.net | title=Www.samirkassir.net}} 3. ^{{cite journal|title=Chronology Of Events: 2005|journal=Mediterranean Politics|year=2006|volume=11|issue=2|pages=279–308|doi=10.1080/13629390600683048}} 4. ^{{cite news|title=Beirut Blast Kills Anti-Syrian Journalist|url=http://www.aawsat.net/2005/06/article55271366|accessdate=23 April 2013|newspaper=Asharq Alawsat|date=2 June 2005|agency=AP|location=Beirut}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=https://now.mmedia.me/lb/en/commentaryanalysis/550219-wasted-martyr |title=Wasted Martyr |publisher=NOW Lebanon |date=June 6, 2014}} 6. ^Independent 3 June 2005 Syria's troops have gone. So who killed Samir, Lebanon's fearlessRobert Fisk 7. ^{{cite news|title=Hundreds mourn slain anti-Syrian Lebanese journalist|url=http://www.aawsat.net/2005/06/article55271330|accessdate=23 April 2013|newspaper=Asharq Alawsat|date=4 June 2005|agency=Reuters|location=Beirut}} 8. ^al-Ahram {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080907024502/http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2005/766/cu2.htm |date=7 September 2008 }} A journalist apart Kenneth Brown remembers Lebanese writer and journalist Samir Kassir 9. ^{{cite web|title=Lebanon: Lebanese, Syrian, Egyptian, win 2013 Kassir Awards|url=http://www.ansamed.info/ansamed/en/news/sections/enpi/2013/06/03/Lebanon-Lebanese-Syrian-Egyptian-win-2013-Kassir-Awards_8811941.html|work=ANSAmed|accessdate=21 September 2013|location=Beirut|date=3 June 2013}} 10. ^{{cite web|title=Egyptian Journalist Awarded First Samir Kassir Award|url=http://www.arabpressnetwork.org/articlesv2.php?id=764|publisher=The Arab Press Network|accessdate=9 September 2014|date=22 June 2006|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140910200011/http://www.arabpressnetwork.org/articlesv2.php?id=764|archivedate=10 September 2014|df=dmy-all}} Notes{{more footnotes|date=February 2008}}
External links
19 : 1960 births|2005 deaths|Lebanese journalists|Deaths by car bomb in Lebanon|Lebanese anti-Syrian activists|Lebanese democracy activists|Assassinated Lebanese journalists|Lebanese left-wing activists|Lebanese people of Syrian descent|People murdered in Lebanon|Paris-Sorbonne University alumni|Lebanese socialists|Terrorism deaths in Lebanon|Lebanese people of Palestinian descent|Lebanese secularists|Lebanese expatriates in France|Saint Joseph University alumni|Palestinian Christians|Greek Orthodox Christians from Lebanon |
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