词条 | Joseph Hanks | ||
释义 |
Joseph Hanks (1725–1793) was the great-grandfather of United States President Abraham Lincoln. It is generally accepted that Joseph was the father of Lucy Hanks, the mother of Nancy Hanks Lincoln. There is also a theory that Joseph and his wife, Ann ("Nannie"), had a son named James who married Lucy Shipley, sired Nancy Hanks, but died before Lucy and Nancy came to Kentucky. Joseph Hanks' children and grandchildren figure prominently in Abraham Lincoln's youth. BiographyEarly life and marriageJoseph Hanks was born the second son of Catherine Hanks (died 1779) and John Hanks (d. 1740) on December 20, 1725 in North Farnham Parish, Richmond County, Virginia. He was a tenant farmer and oversaw a plantation. Joseph and his family lived in Richmond County until 1782 when they moved to what was then Hampshire County, Virginia.[1][2][3] One theory about the Hanks family's westward movement (first to land that is now West Virginia) was that Joseph Hanks was concerned about his daughters access to returning Revolutionary War soldiers in the "lax environment" following the war.[3] There are also records that show that Joseph Hanks' mother, Catherine died in 1779. Joseph, executor of the will, inherited monies from her estate and it was after this in 1781 that the Hanks moved from Northern Neck, Virginia to a place between the forks of Mike's Run off of Patterson's Creek in Hampshire County, Virginia (now Mineral County, West Virginia). The land there had just become available with "cheap prices", proper surveys and clear titles.[4] Marriage and childrenJoseph married Ann, also known as Nancy and Nannie. She was born about 1742 and died about 1794.[5] Joseph and Ann Hank's children are:[6][7][8][9]
Hampshire County{{Location map many | USA| width = 280 | float = | border = | caption = | alt = | relief = | AlternativeMap = | | label1 = Mike's Run, WV | label1_size = | position1 = left | background1 = | mark1 = | mark1size = | link1 = | lat1_deg = 39 | lat1_min = 17 | lat1_sec = 26.52 | lat1_dir = N | lon1_deg = 79 | lon1_min = 4 | lon1_sec = 8.04 | lon1_dir = W | | label2 = Pottinger's Creek, KY | label2_size = | position2 = left | background2 = | mark2 = | mark2size = | link2 = | lat2_deg = 37 | lat2_min = 38 | lat2_sec = 18.97 | lat2_dir = N | lon2_deg = 85 | lon2_min = 34 | lon2_sec = 22.67 | lon2_dir = W | | label3 = Farnham, VA | label3_size = | position3 = right | background3 = | mark3 = | mark3size = | link3 = | lat3_deg = 37 | lat3_min = 53 | lat3_sec = 7 | lat3_dir = N | lon3_deg = 76 | lon3_min = 37 | lon3_sec = 30 | lon3_dir = W | | label4 = | label4_size = | position4 = | background4 = | mark4 = | mark4size = | link4 = | lat4_deg = | lat4_min = | lat4_sec = | lat4_dir = | lon4_deg = | lon4_min = | lon4_sec = | lon4_dir = | | label5 = | label5_size = | position5 = | background5 = | mark5 = | mark5size = | link5 = | lat5_deg = | lat5_min = | lat5_sec = | lat5_dir = | lon5_deg = | lon5_min = | lon5_sec = | lon5_dir = | | label6 = | label6_size = | position6 = | background6 = | mark6 = | mark6size = | link6 = | lat6_deg = | lat6_min = | lat6_sec = | lat6_dir = | lon6_deg = | lon6_min = | lon6_sec = | lon6_dir = | }} Joseph Hanks lived on {{convert|108|acre|ha}} on a fork of Mike's Run, alongside Patterson Creek, Hampshire County, VA (now Mineral County, West Virginia).[10][11] Joseph Hanks is on the 1782 census for Hampshire County, Virginia. The census showed that there were 11 white people living in the household. This would have included Joseph, Ann and his 9 children, including Lucy Hanks.[1] Joseph Hank's home, now in Mineral County, West Virginia, is considered Nancy Hanks's birthplace and contains a memorial to her from the state of West Virginia.[1][3][12][23][13][14] KentuckyIn March 1784 Joseph Hanks sold his property via a mortgage and moved with his wife, eight children, and granddaughter Nancy to Kentucky, having traveled on the Wilderness Road through Cumberland Gap. The family then lived on land purchased February, 1787 about 2 miles north of the mouth of Pottinger's Creek and Rolling Fork, in a settlement called Rolling Fork or Pottinger's Creek settlement in Nelson County, Kentucky until the death of patriarch Joseph Hanks in 1793.[1][11][15][29][16][17][18] Pottinger Station "Site of one of the forts which protected the early settlement of Bardstown. Built by Samuel Pottinger, soldier in Revolution, who first saw the land in 1778 which he came from Maryland with troops of Capt. James Harrod. In 1781 Pottinger returned with his family and built station. It was often used as a refuge for other settlers migrating to Kentucky.[19] A man named Zachariah Riney bought Nancy's grandfather, Joseph Hanks, Sr. property off of Rolling Fork in Kentucky. After Nancy and Thomas Lincoln were married and had children, Riney, with Caleb Hazel, taught Nancy's children at the Knob Creek school. The Hanks property purchased by Riney was situated "on the Rolling Fork [River] near the moth of Knob Creek and Pottinger's Creek" (just south and east of New Haven, Kentucky).[20] Death and willJoseph Hanks died in 1793. Nancy's grandmother, also named Nancy but generally called Ann, decided to return to the homeland of her youth and much of her adulthood in old Farnham parish in Virginia.[23][36][21][22][23][24][25] His home and property were to be given to his wife during her lifetime and then their youngest son, Joseph, Jr. In 1794 Nancy {"Ann"} and her son, Joseph Hanks, Jr., sold the property along Rolling Fork near Pottinger's Creek to her son William. Ann then returned to the Farnham area in Virginia with Joseph and died there. William and his wife lived in the home and any unmarried children they were married. Joseph and Ann's grandchild, Nancy, went to live with her mother, Lucy Hanks Sparrow.[16] Abraham LincolnAbraham Lincoln's great grandparents are commonly believed to be Ann ("Nannie") and Joseph Hanks of North Farnham Parish, Richmond County, VA.[1][26][27][28] Joseph and Ann's children and grandchildren figured prominently in Abraham's life, including:
See also
References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite book | title=Lincoln Legends: Myths, Hoaxes, and Confabulations Associated with Our Greatest President | publisher=University Press of Kentucky | author=Edward Steers | year=2007 | pages=26–27 | isbn=0813172756}} {{Abraham Lincoln}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Hanks, Joseph}}2. ^1 2 {{cite book | title=Herndon's Informants: Letters, Interviews, and Statements About Abraham Lincoln | publisher=University of Illinois Press |author1=Douglas Lawson Wilson |author2=Rodney O. Davis |author3=Terry Wilson | year=1998 | pages=779 | isbn=0252023285}} 3. ^1 {{cite book | title=Nancy Hanks Lincoln | publisher=Bookman Associates |author1=Harold E. Briggs |author2=Ernestine Briggs | pages=28–32 | year=1952}} 4. ^1 {{cite book | title=Where the Mother of Lincoln was Born (June 25, 1927). Dearborn Independent Magazine January 1927-October 1927 | publisher=Kessinger Publishing | author=Henry Ford (book), W. J. Cameron (editor), William E. Barton (article) | year=2003 | pages=13, 21 | isbn=0766159914}} 5. ^1 2 3 {{cite book | title=Herndon's Informants: Letters, Interviews, and Statements About Abraham Lincoln | publisher=University of Illinois Press |author1=Douglas Lawson Wilson |author2=Rodney O. Davis |author3=Terry Wilson | year=1998 | pages= | isbn=0252023285}} 6. ^{{cite book | title=The Paternity of Abraham Lincoln: Was He the Son of Thomas Lincoln? An Essay on the Chastity of Nancy Hanks | publisher=George H. Doran Company | author=William Eleazar Barton | year=1920 | location=New York | pages=402–403 }} 7. ^{{cite book | title=Nancy Hanks Lincoln | publisher=Bookman Associates |author1=Harold E. Briggs |author2=Ernestine Briggs | pages=32, 34, 36–38 | year=1952}} 8. ^{{cite book | title=The Paternity of Abraham Lincoln: Was He the Son of Thomas Lincoln? An Essay on the Chastity of Nancy Hanks | publisher=George H. Doran Company | author=William Eleazar Barton | year=1920 | location=New York | pages=280 }} 9. ^{{cite book | title=Where the Mother of Lincoln was Born (June 25, 1927). Dearborn Independent Magazine January 1927-October 1927 | publisher=Kessinger Publishing | author=Henry Ford (book), W. J. Cameron (editor), William E. Barton (article) | year=2003 | pages=13 | isbn=0766159914}} 10. ^{{cite book | title=Early Records, Hampshire County, Virginia: Now West Virginia, Including at the Start Most of Known Va. Aside from Augusta District | publisher=Genealogical Publishing Com |author1=Clara McCormack Sage |author2=Laura Elizabeth Sage Jones | year=1939 | pages=23 | isbn=0806303050}} 11. ^1 {{cite book | title=Herndon's Life of Lincoln | publisher=Wildside Press | author=William H. Herndon | year=2008 | pages=10 | isbn=1434476529}} 12. ^{{cite book | title=Lincoln | publisher=Touchstone | author=David Herbert Donald | year=1995 | location=New York | pages=20, 23}} 13. ^{{cite web |title=House Resolution No |publisher=West Virginia Legislature |url=http://www.legis.state.wv.us/Bill_Text_HTML/2009_SESSIONS/rs/BILLS/hr7%20intr.htm}} 14. ^{{cite web | url=http://westvirginia.hometownlocator.com/maps/bigmap,n,nancy%20hanks%20memorial,fid,1544039.cfm | title=Nancy Hanks Memorial | publisher=Home Town Locator | accessdate=March 24, 2013}} 15. ^1 {{cite book | title=Nancy Hanks Lincoln | publisher=Bookman Associates |author1=Harold E. Briggs |author2=Ernestine Briggs | pages=39 | year=1952}} 16. ^1 {{cite book | title=Nancy Hanks, the Mother of Lincoln. Dearborn Independent Magazine January 1927-October 1927 | publisher=Kessinger Publishing | author=Henry Ford (book), W. J. Cameron (editor), William E. Barton (article) | year=2003 | page=15 | isbn=0766159914}} 17. ^{{cite book | title=The lineage of Lincoln | publisher=The Bobbs-Merrill Company | author=William Eleazar Barton | year=1929 | pages=188 }} 18. ^{{cite book | quote=Found by William E. Barton: Land purchased by Joseph Hanks on February 28, 1787 on the Rolling Fork of the Salt River [north of the mouth of Pottinger's Creek and Rolling Fork] | title=Lincoln Legends: Myths, Hoaxes, and Confabulations Associated with Our Greatest President | publisher=University Press of Kentucky | author=Edward Steers | year=2007 | pages=26 | isbn=0813172756}} 19. ^1 {{cite web | url=http://www.waymarking.com/waymarks/WM3WMF_Pottingers_Station | title=Pottinger's Station - Kentucky Historical Markers | publisher=Waymarking.com | accessdate=March 24, 2013}} 20. ^{{cite book | url=https://archive.org/stream/nancyhankslincol00brig#page/n7/mode/2up | title=Nancy Hanks Lincoln | publisher=Bookman Associates |author1=Harold E. Briggs |author2=Ernestine Briggs | year=1952 | location=New York | pages=89}} 21. ^{{cite book | origyear=1928 | title=Abe Lincoln Grows Up | publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt | author=Carl Sandburg | year=1975 | page=25 | isbn=0156026155}} 22. ^{{cite book | title=The Real Lincoln; a portrait | publisher=Houghton Mifflin Company | author=Jesse W. Weik | year=1922 | page=43}} 23. ^{{cite book | title=Abraham Lincoln: The Prairie Years and The War Years | publisher=Sterling Publishing Company | author=Carl Sandburg | editor=Edward C. Goodman | year=2007 | pages=12–14 | isbn=1402742886}} 24. ^{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vD4c-7wnb0EC&pg=PT23&dq=Rolling+Fork+Kentucky+Hanks&hl=en&sa=X&ei=-ElKUfKlMeifyAGQyYHgDg&ved=0CC0Q6AEwAA | title=Lincoln of Kentucky | publisher=University Press of Kentucky | author=Lowell H. Harrison | year=2010 | pages=PT23 | isbn=0813139376}} 25. ^{{cite book | url=http://lincoln.lib.niu.edu/cgi-bin/philologic/getobject.pl?c.6921:1.lincoln | archive-url=https://archive.is/20130409234859/http://lincoln.lib.niu.edu/cgi-bin/philologic/getobject.pl?c.6921:1.lincoln | dead-url=yes | archive-date=2013-04-09 | title=Appendix: Brief Outline of the Joseph Hanks Family, Book published by the University of Illinois | publisher=Northern Illinois University Libraries }} 26. ^1 2 {{ cite book | title = The Raising of a President: The Mothers and Fathers of Our Nation's Leaders | author = Doug Wead | publisher = Simon and Schuster | year= 2005 | page=110 | isbn = 1416513078 }} 27. ^1 {{cite book | title=Nancy Hanks, the Mother of Lincoln (August 27, 1927). Dearborn Independent Magazine January 1927-October 1927 | publisher=Kessinger Publishing | author=Henry Ford (book), W. J. Cameron (editor), William E. Barton (article) | year=2003 | pages=15–19 | isbn=0766159914}} 28. ^{{cite book | title=Following in Lincoln's Footsteps | publisher=Carroll & Graf Publishers | author=Ralph Gary | year=2001 | location=New York | pages=207–209}} 29. ^{{cite book | title=Abraham Lincoln: Friend of the People | publisher=Sterling Publishing Company | author=Clara Ingram Judson | year=2007 | pages=3 | isbn=1402751176}} 30. ^{{cite book | title=Herndon's Informants: Letters, Interviews, and Statements About Abraham Lincoln | publisher=University of Illinois Press |author1=Douglas Lawson Wilson |author2=Rodney O. Davis |author3=Terry Wilson | year=1998 | pages=28 | isbn=0252023285}} 6 : Lincoln family|1725 births|1793 deaths|People from Farnham, Virginia|People from Mineral County, West Virginia|People from Nelson County, Kentucky |
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