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词条 Sam Raimi
释义

  1. Early life

  2. Film

  3. Television

  4. Recurring trademarks, motifs, and partners

     Recurring collaborators 

  5. Personal life

  6. Filmography

     Film  Acting roles  Television  Acting roles 

  7. Awards

  8. See also

  9. References

  10. External links

{{For|the American opera singer|Samuel Ramey}}{{Use mdy dates|date=December 2013}}{{Infobox person
| name =
| image = Sam Raimi by Gage Skidmore 2.jpg
| caption = Sam Raimi at the 2014 San Diego Comic-Con International
| birth_name = Samuel M. Raimi
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1959|10|23}}
| birth_place = Royal Oak, Michigan, U.S.
| occupation = Director, producer, screenwriter, actor
| years_active = 1977–present
| spouse = {{marriage|Gillian Greene|1993}}
| family = Ted Raimi (brother)
Ivan Raimi (brother)
| children = 5
| website =
| imagesize =
}}

Samuel M. Raimi[1] ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|r|eɪ|m|i}}; born October 23, 1959) is an American filmmaker, actor, and producer who created the cult horror Evil Dead series, and directed the original Spider-Man trilogy (2002–07), the 1990 superhero film Darkman, and the 2013 Disney fantasy film Oz the Great and Powerful.

Raimi has also produced several successful television series and founded the production company Renaissance Pictures in 1979.

Early life

Raimi was born in Royal Oak, Michigan, to a Conservative Jewish family. His ancestors were Jewish immigrants from Russia and Hungary.[2][3][4] He is the older brother of actor Ted Raimi and the younger brother of screenwriter Ivan Raimi. His sister is Andrea Raimi Rubin.[5] Another older brother, Sander Raimi, died at 15 in an accidental drowning; Sam Raimi has said that the trauma knitted the remaining family closer together and "colour[ed] everything [he's done] for the rest of [his] life."[6]

The fourth of five children born to Celia Barbara (née Abrams) and Leonard Ronald Raimi, Raimi grew up in Franklin, Michigan.[7][8] He graduated from Groves High School[9] and later went on to attend Michigan State University, where he majored in English but left after three semesters to film The Evil Dead.[10]

Film

Raimi became fascinated with making films when his father brought a movie camera home one day and he began to make Super 8 movies with his friend Bruce Campbell who he befriended in the year 1975, Bruce Campbell would have been around 17 years old and Sam Raimi would have been around 16. In college, he teamed up with his brother's roommate Robert Tapert and Campbell to shoot Within the Woods (1978), a 32-minute horror film which raised $375,000, as well as his debut feature film It's Murder!. Through family, friends, and a network of investors, Raimi was able to finance production of the highly successful horror film The Evil Dead (1981) which became a cult hit and effectively launched Raimi's career.

He began work on his third film Crimewave (1985), which he co-wrote with the then-unknown Coen brothers, shortly after. Intended as a live-action comic book, the film was not successful, due in part to unwanted studio intervention. Raimi then returned to the horror genre with the seminal Evil Dead II (which added slapstick humor to the over the top horror, showcasing his love of the Three Stooges). With his brother Ivan Raimi (and crediting himself as Celia Abrams), Sam Raimi also wrote Easy Wheels (1989), a parody of the Outlaw biker film genre. A long-time comic book buff, he then attempted to adapt "The Shadow" into a movie, but was unable to secure the rights, so he created his own super-hero, Darkman (1990). The film was his first major studio picture, and while it was only moderately successful, it spawned two sequels. Through it he was still able to secure funding for Evil Dead III, which was retitled Army of Darkness and turned away almost totally from horror in favor of fantasy and comedy elements. Army of Darkness, the final movie in the Evil Dead trilogy, was a box office disappointment, yet on video became a cult classic.

In the 1990s, Raimi moved into other genres, directing such films as the western The Quick and the Dead (starring Sharon Stone and Gene Hackman), the critically acclaimed crime thriller A Simple Plan (1998) (starring Bill Paxton and Billy Bob Thornton), and the romantic drama For Love of the Game (1999) (starring Kevin Costner). Prior to directing the Spider-Man films, Raimi lobbied to direct Batman Forever when Tim Burton was ousted from the director's chair, but was rejected in favor of Joel Schumacher, whose reputation at the time outshone Raimi's.[11]

Raimi achieved great critical and commercial success with the blockbuster Spider-Man (2002), which was adapted from the comic book series of the same name. The movie has grossed over US$800 million worldwide, spawning two sequels: Spider-Man 2 and Spider-Man 3, both directed by Raimi and each grossing roughly $800 million.

After the completion of the third Spider-Man film, he planned on producing two more sequels (although Sony Pictures planned three sequels) but could not find a satisfactory script.

Raimi frequently collaborates with Joel and Ethan Coen, beginning when Joel was one of the editors of Evil Dead. The Coens co-wrote Crimewave and The Hudsucker Proxy with Raimi in the mid-1980s (though Hudsucker was not produced for almost a decade). Raimi made cameo appearances in Miller's Crossing, The Hudsucker Proxy, and with Joel Coen in Spies Like Us. The Coen brothers gave Raimi advice on shooting in snow for A Simple Plan, based on their experiences with Fargo.{{citation needed|date=November 2017}}

He worked in front of the camera in The Stand as a dimwitted hitman, John Carpenter's Body Bags as a gas station attendant, and Indian Summer in what is perhaps his biggest role as a bumbling assistant to Alan Arkin. The film was written by his childhood friend writer-director Mike Binder and shot at the camp that they both attended when they were younger. Raimi also produced the entire The Grudge franchise.{{citation needed|date=November 2017}}

According to Entertainment Weekly, Raimi had expressed an interest in directing a film version of The Hobbit, the prequel to the Lord of the Rings trilogy.[12] In 2008, Guillermo del Toro was selected as the director, with Peter Jackson as the executive producer. Raimi may direct By Any Means Necessary, the next film based on the "Jack Ryan" CIA character created by Tom Clancy for Paramount Pictures. Disney also approached him to direct W.I.T.C.H.: The Movie, based on the popular comic.

Blizzard Entertainment announced on July 22, 2009 that Sam Raimi will be directing a Warcraft film.[13] However at Comic-Con International 2012, it was revealed that he would not be the one directing the World of Warcraft adaptation.[14]

On September 23, 2009, he became the producer for the British supernatural thriller Refuge, which is directed by Corin Hardy and published by Mandate Pictures.[15] He will produce the remake of the Danish thriller The Substitute, which will be directed by Scott Dickerson under his new label Spooky Pictures.[16] Raimi produced with his company Ghost House Pictures the British thriller flick Burst 3D, which is directed by Neil Marshall.[17]

Raimi directed Oz the Great and Powerful, which was released on March 8, 2013 by Walt Disney Pictures.[18][19] He said he would not be directing the planned sequel.[20][21]

On December 11, 2006, the website SuperHero Hype reported that director Sam Raimi and Michael Uslan would co-produce a new film version of The Shadow for Columbia Pictures. On October 16, 2007, Raimi stated that: "I don't have any news on 'The Shadow' at this time, except that the company that I have with Josh Donen, my producing partner, we've got the rights to 'The Shadow.' I love the character very much and we're trying to work on a story that'll do justice to the character."[22]{{citation needed|date=November 2017}}

Raimi, along with Bruce Campbell and Rob Tapert, produced the remake of Raimi's The Evil Dead. First-time feature filmmaker Fede Alvarez wrote and directed, and Diablo Cody was also brought in to revise/rewrite the script.[23] Raimi confirmed plans to write Evil Dead 4 with his brother; it was later specified that this film would be Army of Darkness 2.[24] Alvarez revealed that Raimi would direct the sequel to Army of Darkness.[25] However, in an interview with Erin Darling,{{Who|date=November 2017}} Bruce Campbell announced that Army of Darkness 2 is not happening, saying "It's all internet b.s. There's no reality whatsoever. These random comments slip out of either my mouth, or Sam Raimi's mouth, next thing you know, we're making a sequel."[26]

On February 26, 2016, it was confirmed that Raimi is attached to direct the upcoming film World War 3 for Warner Bros. The film will be based on a possible future inspired by the book The Next 100 Years by George Friedman.[27]

On February 16, 2017, it was reported that Raimi will be directing a thriller about the Bermuda Triangle for Skydance Media, with the script being written by Doug Miro and Carlo Bernard.[28]

On January 29, 2018, it was announced that Raimi was set to direct the first movie in the big-screen adaptation of Patrick Rothfuss's Kingkiller Chronicle series, The Name of the Wind, with Rothfuss and Hamilton creator Lin-Manuel Miranda serving as executive producers.[29] However, it was reported on Dec. 1, 2018, that Raimi was no longer involved with the project.[30]

Television

In addition to film, Raimi has worked in television, producing such series as The Legendary Journeys and its spin-off Warrior Princess, both featuring his younger brother Ted Raimi and long-time friend Bruce Campbell, American Gothic, Cleopatra 2525, M.A.N.T.I.S., Fear Is Real, Young Hercules, and Jack of All Trades. In 2008, Raimi executive produced a syndicated TV series called Legend of the Seeker, based on Terry Goodkind's best-selling The Sword of Truth fantasy series. He is also the executive producer of Starz original television series Blood and Sand and Gods of the Arena,[31] Vengeance and War of the Damned. He directed the pilot episode of Ash vs Evil Dead for Starz.[32]

Recurring trademarks, motifs, and partners

{{BLP unsourced section|date=September 2014}}

Raimi's brother Ted Raimi and his friend Bruce Campbell often appear in on-screen roles in his film and television projects, although some of the appearances are just cameos. The trio have been working together since their college days. Both Ted and Bruce have appeared in all three Evil Dead and Spider-Man movies, as well as Hercules: The Legendary Journeys and Xena: Warrior Princess, which Sam produced. In the Evil Dead films, Campbell plays the recurring lead part of Ash, while Ted played various small parts in each film.

In the Spider-Man films Ted played the featured role of Daily Bugle advertising manager Ted Hoffman, while Bruce Campbell played different roles in each Spider-Man film. In Hercules and Xena, Ted and Bruce played the recurring roles of Joxer and Autolycus respectively. Raimi occasionally appears on-screen in his movies, usually in similar fashion to the cameos made by his idol Alfred Hitchcock: In Spider-Man in the wrestling scene as a silhouette behind a projection screen; in Spider-Man 2 as a passing student whose bookbag hits Peter Parker in the back of the head; as a hitchhiking fisherman accompanied by Robert Tapert in The Evil Dead. Raimi also wears a suit with white shirt and tie on-set in another homage to Hitchcock. An adept fan will also notice Raimi's recurring usage of soda crackers as a back prop.

Raimi often works with film editor Bob Murawski, a fellow Michigan State University alumnus. Among Raimi's films edited by Murawski include the Spider-Man movies, The Gift, and Army of Darkness. Raimi also frequently collaborates with composer Joseph LoDuca, another acquaintance from Michigan who has provided the scores to most of his films.

Raimi has included his old car from his college days, a 1973 yellow Oldsmobile Delta 88 automobile (nicknamed "The Classic"), in every film including The Quick and the Dead ("Somewhere...somewhere hidden. Only I know. I'll never tell"). At Comic-con 2005 Bruce Campbell revealed that a special covered wagon frame had covered the Oldsmobile to maintain the motif of the film. The yellow Oldsmobile also appeared in Drag Me to Hell, driven by the elderly gypsy woman. A bottle of Maker's Mark also appears regularly in his movies. The Classic does not appear in the final cut of For Love of the Game, however. The scene in which it appeared was removed during the editing process.{{citation needed|date=November 2017}}

Other Raimi visual trademarks include:

  • A distinctive camera shot where the camera follows a moving object (such as an arrow or a bullet) at high speed creating a first-person point-of-view from the object itself;
  • A rapid dolly shot to bring a far-off object suddenly into the center of the frame or to pull back from the main focal object to show what is happening around the perimeter (sometimes called "push-pull");
  • Montage sequences with overlapping close-up shots to establish a set of similar actions over elapsing time.
  • Extreme closeups using a wide angle lens.

In the Making The Amazing documentary on the Spider-Man 2 DVD, both Tobey Maguire and Bruce Campbell humorously describe Raimi's penchant for "abusing" actors. To obtain detailed closeups of a character getting hit by debris Raimi stands off-camera throwing items, swinging tree branches, etc., at the actor at the center of the shot. Scenes from the documentary show that Raimi is the one throwing popcorn at Peter Parker during the walk to the wrestling ring in Spider-Man and tossing gold coins around during the bank robbery scene in Spider-Man 2, as well as a passer-by banging their bag into Peter Parker's head as he kneels on the sidewalk of his college's campus being Sam Raimi.

In many of Raimi's movies the camera itself is part of the action onscreen. One of Raimi's most famous sequences involves a point-of-view shot of actor Bruce Campbell being chased through a cabin by an unseen evil force.

Recurring collaborators

Actor It's Murder! Clockwork Within the Woods The Evil Dead Crimewave Evil Dead II Darkman Army of Darkness The Quick and the Dead A Simple Plan For Love of the Game The Gift Spider-Man Spider-Man 2 Spider-Man 3 Drag Me to Hell Oz the Great and Powerful
Betsy Bakeralt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}
Brent Briscoealt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}
Bridget Fondaalt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}
Bruce Campbellalt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}
Chelcie Rossalt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}
Cliff Robertsonalt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}
Dan Hicksalt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}
Daniel Dae Kimalt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}
Elizabeth Banksalt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}
Ellen Sandweissalt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}
Frances McDormandalt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}
Gary Colealt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}
J.K. Simmonsalt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}
James Francoalt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}
John Landisalt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}
Kirsten Dunstalt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}
Larry Joshuaalt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}
Michael Papajohnalt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}
Octavia Spenceralt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}
Rosemary Harrisalt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}
Scott Spiegelalt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}
Ted Raimialt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}
Theresa Tillyalt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}
Tobey Maguirealt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}
Willem Dafoealt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}alt=Yes}}

Personal life

Raimi has been married since 1993 to Gillian Dania Greene, daughter of actor Lorne Greene. They have five children, three of whom (daughter Emma Rose and sons Lorne and Henry) appeared as extras in Drag Me to Hell, and in Spider-Man 3 during the movie's final battle.{{citation needed|date=September 2015}}

Filmography

{{BLP unsourced section|date=August 2018}}

Film

Year Title DirectorWriterProducer Notes
1977 It's Murder! {{yes}} {{yes}} {{yes}} Also cinematographer
1978 Clockwork {{yes}} {{yes}} {{yes}} Short film
Within the Woods {{yes}} {{yes}}executive}} Short film
1981 The Evil Dead {{yes}} {{yes}}executive}} Directorial Debut
1985 Crimewave {{yes}} {{yes}} {{no}}
1987 Evil Dead II {{yes}} {{yes}} {{no}}
1989 Easy Wheels {{no}} {{yes}}executive}}
1990 Darkman {{yes}} {{yes}}executive}}
1992 Army of Darkness {{yes}} {{yes}} {{no}} Also editor (as "R.O.C. Sandstorm")
1994 The Hudsucker ProxySecond unit}} {{yes}} {{no}}
1995 The Quick and the Dead {{yes}} {{no}} {{no}}
1998 A Simple Plan {{yes}} {{no}} {{no}}
1999 For Love of the Game {{yes}} {{no}} {{no}}
2000 The Gift {{yes}} {{no}} {{no}}
2002 Spider-Man {{yes}} {{no}} {{no}}
2004 Spider-Man 2 {{yes}} {{no}} {{no}}
2007 Spider-Man 3 {{yes}} {{yes}} {{no}}
2009 Drag Me to Hell {{yes}} {{yes}}uncredited}}
2013 Oz the Great and Powerful {{yes}} {{no}} {{no}}
Producer only
Year Title Director Notes
1989 The Dead Next Door J.R. Bookwalter Executive producer
1991 A Love Story Josh Becker Executive producer
1993 Hard Target John Woo Executive producer;
Also second unit director and ghost directed certain segments
1994 Timecop Peter Hyams
1995 The Return of DurantBradford MayDirect-to-video
1996 Die Darkman Die
1998Hercules and Xena – The Animated Movie:
The Battle for Mount Olympus		Lynne Naylor
Young HerculesT.J. Scott
2002 Xena: Warrior Princess – A Friend in Need Robert G. Tapert
2004 The Grudge Takashi Shimizu
2005 Boogeyman Stephen T. Kay
2006 The Grudge 2 Takashi Shimizu
2007 The Messengers The Pang Brothers
30 Days of Night David Slade
Blood Hunter Sebastian Gutierrez Executive producer
2012 The Possession Ole Bornedal
2013 Evil Dead Fede Alvarez
2015 Poltergeist Gil Kenan
1 Chisper Jaume Collet-Serra
2016 Don't Breathe Fede Alvarez
2019 Crawl Alexandre Aja
2020 Grudge Nicolas Pesce

Acting roles

Year Film Role Notes
1977 It's Murder! Uncle Jasper
1978 Attack of the Helping Hand Milk Man Short film
Shemp Eats the Moon Angelo the Knife Short film
1981 The Evil Dead Hitchhiker Uncredited
1982 Bounty Hunter Nazi Short film
1983 Hefty's Cook No. 2
1985 Spies Like Us Drive-in guard No. 2
1987 Evil Dead 2 Knight hailing Ash Uncredited
Thou Shalt Not Kill... Except Cult leader
1988 Maniac Cop News Reporter
1989 Intruder Randy
1990 Miller's Crossing Snickering Gunman
Maniac Cop 2 Newscaster
1992 Innocent Blood Roma Meats Man
Army of Darkness Knight in Sweatshirt and Sneakers Uncredited
1993 Indian Summer Stick Coder
1994 The Hudsucker Proxy Hudsucker Brainstormer
{{sortname>The|Flintstones|The Flintstones (film)}} Cliff Vandercave Look-A-Like
1995 Galaxis Nervous Official
2004 Spider-Man 2 University Student Unseen cameo revealed in the bloopers
2009 Drag Me to Hell Ghost at Seance Uncredited
2013 3 Geezers! Sam
2016 The Jungle Book Giant Squirrel Voice role

Television

YearTitleAlso credited asNotes
DirectorWriterProducer
1994 M.A.N.T.I.S. {{no}}story}}executive}} TV movie
2014 Rake {{yes}} {{no}}executive}} 2 episodes
2015{{ndash}}2018 Ash vs Evil Dead {{yes}} {{yes}}executive}} Episode: "El Jefe";
Also developer
Executive producer only
Year Title Notes
1994 Hercules and the Lost KingdomTV movie
Hercules and the Circle of Fire
Hercules in the Underworld
Hercules in the Maze of the Minotaur
1994–1997 M.A.N.T.I.S.
1995–1996 American Gothic
1995–1999 The Legendary Journeys
1995–2001 Warrior Princess Also developer
1997 Spy Game Also creator
1998–1999 Young Hercules
2000–2001 Jack of All Trades
2000–2001 Cleopatra 2525
2008–2010 Legend of the Seeker Also creator
2009 Fear Is Real
2010 Zombie Roadkill
2011 Gods of the Arena Mini-series
2013 War of the Damned

Acting roles

Year Title Role Notes
1993 Body Bags Dead BillTV movie
Journey to the Center of the Earth Collins
1994 The Stand Bobby Terry TV miniseries;
1 episode
1997 The Shining Howie Langston TV miniseries;
1 episode

Awards

  • Sitges - Catalan International Film Festival Prize of the International Critics' Jury 1981
  • Sitges - Catalan International Film Festival Best Director Award 1990
  • Sitges - Catalan International Film Festival Time-Machine Honorary Award 1992
  • Brussels International Festival of Fantasy Film Golden Raven Award 1993
  • Fantasporto Critics' Award 1993
  • Cognac Festival du Film Policier Special Jury Prize 1999
  • Saturn Award Best Director Award 2004
  • Empire Award Best Director Award 2004

See also

  • Sam Raimi's unrealized projects

References

1. ^{{Cite web |url=https://www.denofgeek.com/movies/24709/sam-raimi-interview-oz-warcraft-spider-man-the-shadow |title=Sam Raimi interview: Oz, Warcraft, The Shadow, Spider-Man |last=Luke Savage |date=March 7, 2013 |website=Den of Geek |publisher=Dennis Publishing |access-date=January 1, 2019 |quote=...IMDB. They’ve added a name to me, they’ve called me Samuel Marshall Raimi, and I never knew I had a middle name. I have a middle initial, 'M'.}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.jewishjournal.com/home/preview.php?id=8479|title=JewishJournal.com|publisher=JewishJournal.com|accessdate=March 19, 2012}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.jewishjournal.com/the_ticket/item/sam_raimis_latest_horror_flick_draws_on_true_tale_jewish_exorcism_20120822|title=Sam Raimi's latest horror flick draws on 'true' tale, Jewish exorcism|publisher=Jewishjournal.com|accessdate=March 14, 2013}}
4. ^"Spider's man - 'Spider-Man 2' director Sam Raimi is the antithesis of the Hollywood player -- a man whose essential decency is reflected, he hopes, in the character of Peter Parker", nytimes.com, June 27, 2004.
5. ^{{cite web|title=Made In Michigan |url=https://thejewishnews.com/2013/03/07/made-in-michigan//|publisher=thejewishnews.com|date=March 7, 2013}}
6. ^{{cite web|title=Sam Raimi: Man behind the mask |url= https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/features/sam-raimi-man-behind-the-mask-47495.html |date= July 15, 2004}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.filmreference.com/film/52/Sam-Raimi.html|title=Sam Raimi profile|publisher=Filmreference.com|accessdate=March 19, 2012}}
8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.filmreference.com/film/23/Ted-Raimi.html|title=Ted Raimi profile|publisher=Filmreference.com|accessdate=March 19, 2012}}
9. ^{{cite web|url=http://shelby-utica.patch.com/articles/macomb-co-native-helps-organize-charity-premiere-of-oz-the-great-and-powerful|title=Macomb Co. Native Helps Organize Charity Premiere of 'Oz: The Great and Powerful'|first=Laura|last=Houser|date=February 16, 2013|publisher=Utica.Patch.com|accessdate=February 17, 2013|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130317013628/http://shelby-utica.patch.com/articles/macomb-co-native-helps-organize-charity-premiere-of-oz-the-great-and-powerful|archivedate=March 17, 2013|df=mdy-all}}
10. ^[https://alumni.msu.edu/stay-informed/magazine/article.cfm?id=506 Feature: Spartans in Hollywood] alumni.msu.edu Published: Spring 1999 Author:Erik Lunde and Gary Hoppenstand
11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ign.com/boards/threads/sam-raimi-originally-wanted-to-direct-batman-forever-and-batman-robin.90482816|title=Sam Raimi originally wanted to direct Batman Forever and Batman & Robin?|publisher=ign.com|accessdate=November 19, 2017}}
12. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,20035161,00.html|title='Hobbit' Forming?|first=Adam |last=Markovitz | work=Entertainment Weekly|date=April 18, 2007}}
13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.blizzard.com/us/press/090721.html|title=Blizzard Press Release 7-22-2009|publisher=Blizzard|date=July 21, 2009|accessdate=July 22, 2009|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090723005425/http://www.blizzard.com//us//press//090721.html|archivedate=July 23, 2009|df=mdy-all}}
14. ^{{cite web|last=Topel|first=Fred|title=Comic Con 2012 Exclusive: Sam Raimi Won't Direct the World of Warcraft Movie|url=http://www.craveonline.com/film/articles/192085-comic-con-2012-exclusive-sam-raimi-wont-direct-the-world-of-warcraft-movie|publisher=Crave Online|accessdate=July 17, 2012}}
15. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.dreadcentral.com/news/33704/mandata-signs-sam-raimi-oversee-refuge|title=Mandate Signs Sam Raimi to Oversee Refuge}}
16. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bloody-disgusting.com/news/17566|title=Raimi shall Launche Spooky Pictures with 'The Substitute'}}
17. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bloody-disgusting.com/news/20735|title=Neil Marshall Throwing the Gore Onscreen With 'Burst 3D'}}
18. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/08/movies/oz-the-great-and-powerful-starring-james-franco.html|title=‘Oz the Great and Powerful,’ Starring James Franco|first=Manohla|last=Dargis|date=March 7, 2013|publisher=|via=NYTimes.com}}
19. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.variety.com/article/VR1118020637.html?categoryid=13&cs=1&ref=vertfilm&cache=false|title=Sam Raimi circles 'Wizard of Oz' prequel: helmer in talks for Disney's 'Powerful' pic|work=Variety|first=Stuart|last=Oldham |date=June 14, 2010}}
20. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.fandango.com/movieblog/chatter-who-should-replace-sam-raimi-as-director-of-oz-sequel-736024.html|title=Chatter: Who Should Replace Sam Raimi as Director of the Oz Sequel?|publisher=Fandango.com|date=March 11, 2013}}
21. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.firstshowing.net/2013/cast-signed-for-oz-the-great-powerful-sequel-but-not-sam-raimi|title=Cast Signed for 'Oz: The Great & Powerful' Sequel But Not Sam Raimi|publisher=firstshowing.net|date=March 11, 2013}}
22. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.jewage.org/wiki/ru/Article:Sam_Raimi_-_Biography|title=Sam Raimi - Biography — JewAge|website=www.jewage.org|language=ru|access-date=2018-10-21}}
23. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.shocktillyoudrop.com/news/topnews.php?id=19951|title=Official Press Release: The Evil Dead Remake|publisher=Shock Till You Drop|date=July 13, 2011|accessdate=March 19, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111123170942/http://www.shocktillyoudrop.com/news/topnews.php?id=19951|archive-date=November 23, 2011|dead-url=yes|df=mdy-all}}
24. ^{{cite web|url=http://screenrant.com/army-of-darkness-2-evil-dead-4-sam-raimi|title=Sam Raimi's Next Project is Army of Darkness 2′' Not Evil Dead 4|publisher=Screenrant.com|accessdate=March 17, 2013}}
25. ^{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/fedalvar/statuses/394170890709000192?screen_name=fedalvar|title="@thielebenjamin: Hey @fedalvar will you be directing the Army Of Darkness 2 movie?" Sam Raimi will!|first=Fede|last=Alvarez|date=October 26, 2013|publisher=Twitter.com}}
26. ^{{cite web|title=Bruce Campbell Wants to Set the Record Straight About Army of Darkness 2, And He Feels Bad for You |url=http://www.shocktillyoudrop.com/news/177109-bruce-campbell-wants-to-set-the-record-straight-about-army-of-darkness-2-and-he-feels-bad-for-you|publisher=Shock Till You Drop|date=November 5, 2014}}
27. ^{{cite news|url=http://collider.com/sam-raimi-world-war-3-movie-warner-bros/|title=Sam Raimi to Predict a Terrible Future in ‘World War 3’ for Warner Bros|accessdate=November 19, 2017}}
28. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.comingsoon.net/movies/news/815295-sam-raimi-ventures-into-the-bermuda-triangle|title=Sam Raimi Ventures Into the Bermuda Triangle|date=February 16, 2017|accessdate=November 19, 2017}}
29. ^{{Cite web|url=https://variety.com/2018/film/news/sam-raimi-kingkiller-chronicles-lionsgate-and-lin-manuel-miranda-1202678969/|title=Sam Raimi to Direct ‘Kingkiller Chronicle’ for Lionsgate and Lin-Manuel Miranda (EXCLUSIVE)|last=Kroll|first=Justin|last2=Kroll|first2=Justin|date=2018-01-29|website=Variety|language=en|access-date=2018-12-07}}
30. ^{{Cite web|url=http://sciencefiction.com/2018/12/01/raimi-kingkiller-chronicle/|title=EXCLUSIVE: Sam Raimi No Longer Attached To Direct 'Kingkiller Chronicle' Movie|date=2018-12-01|website=ScienceFiction.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-12-07}}
31. ^{{cite web |title = "Spartacus: Blood and Sand" cast and crew |url = http://www.starz.com/originals/spartacus/cast | accessdate = January 30, 2010}}
32. ^{{cite web |title = Sam Raimi Directing "Ash vs Evil Dead" Pilot|url = http://bloody-disgusting.com/news/3332996/sam-raimi-directing-ash-vs-evil-dead-pilot/| accessdate = January 30, 2010}}

External links

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|title = Awards for Sam Raimi
|list ={{Empire Award for Best Director}}{{Saturn Award for Best Director}}
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19 : 1959 births|Film producers from Michigan|Jewish American writers|Action film directors|American people of Russian-Jewish descent|American people of Hungarian-Jewish descent|Best Director Empire Award winners|Jewish American male actors|Horror film directors|Living people|Michigan State University alumni|People from Royal Oak, Michigan|American male screenwriters|American male film actors|Film directors from Michigan|Fantasy film directors|Raimi family|Screenwriters from Michigan|Superhero film directors
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