| 词条 | Samuel Birch |
| 释义 |
| name = Samuel Birch | image = Samuel Birch (1813-1885).jpg | image_size = | caption = | birth_name = | birth_date = 3 November 1813 | birth_place = St Mary Woolnoth, London, England, United Kingdom | death_date = {{d-da|27 December 1885|3 November 1813}} | death_place = | death_cause = | residence = | other_names = | known_for = | education = | employer = British Museum | occupation = Egyptologist | religion = | spouse = | partner = | children = | parents = | relatives = | signature = | footnotes = | nationality = }} Samuel Birch (3 November 1813 – 27 December 1885) was a British Egyptologist and antiquary. BiographyBirch was the son of a rector at St Mary Woolnoth, London. He was educated at Merchant Taylors' School.[1] From an early age, his manifest tendency to the study of out-of-the-way subjects well suited his later interest in archaeology. After brief employment in the Record Office, he obtained, in 1836, an appointment to the antiquities department of the British Museum. The appointment was due to his knowledge of Chinese, which was unusual at that time. He soon broadened his research to Egyptian. When the cumbrous department came to be divided, he was appointed to head the Egyptian and Assyrian branch.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|}} In the latter language he had assistance, but for many years there was only one other person in the institution, in a different department, who knew anything of ancient Egyptian. The entire arrangement of the department devolved upon Birch. He found time nevertheless for Egyptological work of the highest value, including a hieroglyphical grammar and dictionary, translations of The Book of the Dead and papyrus Harris I, and numerous catalogues and guides.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911}} He further wrote what was long a standard history of pottery, investigated the Cypriote syllabary, and proved by various publications that he had not lost his old interest in Chinese. Paradoxical in many of his views on things in general, he was sound and cautious as a philologist; while learned and laborious, he possessed much of the instinctive divination of genius.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911}} His grandfather, also named Samuel Birch, was a renowned dramatist and Lord Mayor of London (1814). Publications
Notes1. ^Minchin, J. G. C., Our public schools, their influence on English history; Charter house, Eton, Harrow, Merchant Taylors', Rugby, St. Paul's Westminster, Winchester (London, 1901), p. 195. References
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10 : 1813 births|1885 deaths|English Egyptologists|English philologists|People educated at Merchant Taylors' School, Northwood|Employees of the British Museum|Victorian writers|19th-century English writers|19th-century antiquarians|19th-century archaeologists |
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