| 词条 | Karluk yabghu |
| 释义 |
|conventional_long_name = Karluk Yabghu State |common_name = Karluk Yabghu State |status = |government_type = Monarchy |capital = Suyab later Balasagun |religion = Tengriism and Islam |year_start = 756 |year_end = 840 |common_languages = Karluk Turkic |p1 = Second Turkic Khaganate |flag_p1 = |s1 =Karakhanids |image_map = |title_leader = |stat_year1 = |stat_area1 = |today={{flagcountry|Kazakhstan}} {{flagcountry|Kyrgyzstan}}}} Karluk Yabghu State ({{Lang-zh|c=葛邏祿叶护国|s=|t=|p=Géluólù Yèhùguó}}, {{Lang-kk|Қарлұқ қағанаты}}) - was a polity ruled by Karluk tribes. HistoryThe Karluks were part of Turkic and Uyghur khaganate Karluk chief Bilge Yabghu Apa Yigen Chor ({{Lang-zh|c=毗伽葉護頓阿波移健啜|s=|t=|p=Píjiā Yèhù Dùn ābō Yíjiàn Chuài}}) submitted to Uyghur khaganate in 746.[3] He may be same person as Yigen Chor (𐰘𐰃𐰏𐰤𐰲𐰆𐰺) mentioned in Kul-Chor stele.[4] He was succeeded by Tun Bilge Yabghu ({{Lang-zh|c=頓毗伽葉護|s=|t=|p=Dùn Píjiā Yèhù}}) in 753.[3] A ruler of Karluks were mentioned in Turco-Manichean book "Sacred book of two fundamentals" (Iki Jïltïz Nom), fragments of which were found in 1907 at Kara-Khoja in the Turpan oasis by Albert von Le Coq. The book was dedicated to the ruler of the Chigil tribes, named Alp Burguchan, Alp Tarhan, Alp İl Tirgüg.[5] He probably was the one who conquered Turgesh state and resettled Karluks in Zhetysu basin, making Suyab their capital.[6] Another ruler was Köbäk[7], whose coins were found in modern Kyrgyzstan.[6] Transition to KarakhanidsWhen Yenisei Kyrgyz destroyed Uyghur Khaganate in 840, Karluk yabghu declared himself khagan with title Bilge Kul Qadir Khan. [8] See also
References1. ^{{Cite thesis|last=Erkoç|first=Hayrettin İhsan|title=Eski Türklerde Devlet Teşkilâtı (Gök Türk Dönemi) / State Organization of the Ancient Turks (The Türk Qaġanate Period)|date=2008-10-23|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/291333417_Eski_Turklerde_Devlet_Teskilati_Gok_Turk_Donemi_State_Organization_of_the_Ancient_Turks_The_Turk_Qaganate_Period}} 2. ^{{Cite book|title=Gosudarstva i narody Evraziĭskikh stepeĭ : drevnostʹ i srednevekovʹe|author=Kli︠a︡shtornyĭ, S. G.|date=2004|publisher="Peterburgskoe Vostokovedenie"|others=Sultanov, T. I. (Tursun Ikramovich)|isbn=5858032559|edition=2-e izd., isprav. i dop|location=Sankt-Peterburg|oclc=60357062}} 3. ^1 {{Cite book|title=Documents sur les Tou-Kiue (Turcs) occidentaux recueillis et commentés suivi de Notes additionnelles|author=Chavannes, Edouard|date=2007|publisher=Bibliothèque Paul-Émile Boulet de l'Université du Québec à Chicoutimi|oclc=145840509}} 4. ^{{Cite web|url=http://bitig.org/?lang=e&mod=1&tid=1&oid=18&m=1|title=Kul-Chur’s Memorial Complex|last=|first=|date=|website=bitig.org|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2018-08-22}} 5. ^{{Cite book|title=Rannie ti︠u︡rki : ocherki istorii i ideologii|author=Zuev, I︠U︡. A.|date=2002|publisher="Daĭk-Press"|isbn=9985441529|ignore-isbn-error=true|location=Almaty|oclc=52976103}} 6. ^1 {{Cite journal|last=Salman|first=Hüseyin|date=Spring 2014|title=The Issue of Qarluq State Establishment|url=http://dergipark.gov.tr/download/article-file/108904|journal=Marmara Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi|volume=|pages=|doi=10.16985/MTAD.201417912|via=}} 7. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.zeno.ru/showphoto.php?photo=46265.|title=Zeno - Oriental Coins Database - Qarluq AE coin, unique recent finding|website=www.zeno.ru|access-date=2018-08-22}} 8. ^{{cite web|title=Karluk Yabgu State (756-940)|url=http://e-history.kz/en/contents/view/309}} Further reading
4 : Historical Turkic states|Kyrgyzstan|Nomadic groups in Eurasia|756 establishments |
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