“Sara languages”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

Sara languages

释义

Names
Languages
Boyeldieu (2006)
Footnotes
References
External links

{{Infobox language family
|name=Sara
|altname=Central Sara
|region=Chad, CAR
|ethnicity=Sara people
|familycolor=Nilo-Saharan
|fam2=Central Sudanic
|fam3=Bongo–Bagirmi
|fam4=Sara–Bagirmi
|glotto=cent2044
|glottorefname=Sara Central
}}

The Sara languages comprise over a dozen Bongo–Bagirmi languages spoken mainly in Chad; a few are also spoken in the north of the Central African Republic. They are members of the Central Sudanic language family. Greenberg (1966) treats all varieties as dialects of a Sara language, whereas Tucker and Bryan (1966) consider the Sara to be a dialect cluster of several languages. Most members of the different Sara languages/dialects consider their speech form distinct languages, but there is currently insufficient language information to determine which speech varieties need to be considered distinct languages, and which are dialects of other languages.

The most populous variety of Sara proper is Ngambay (Sara Ngambay), a major trade language of southern Chad, with about a million speakers, though Sar (Sara Madjingay) is the lingua franca of Sarh.

Names

The term "Sara Languages", sometimes called "Sara Proper Languages", is distinct from the so-called "Sara Kaba Languages". The latter include Sara Dunjo, Kaba Deme and Kaba Na. The term Sara itself is confusing, as within this family there exists a language named Sar, whose capital is Sarh. The term Kaba is likewise confusing. Kaba of Gore is not a Sara Kaba language, but rather a Sara language. Further, the Sara Kaba group includes a language named Sara Kaba

Languages

The Sara languages are:

West Sara

Ngambay
Laka
Kabba
Laka Lau

Central Sara (: //Doba language">Doba)

Bedjond
Bebote
Mango
Gor

East Sara

Sar
Mbay
Ngam
Dagba
Gulay
Horo

The inclusion of Gulay with the Eastern Sara Languages is based on lexical comparison. Phonologically and morphologically Gulay behaves more like a Central Sara Language.

Boyeldieu (2006)

Boyeldieu (2006)^[1] classifies the Sara languages as follows.

Sara

Peripheral
- Ndoka
- Wad
- Bagiro
- Na
- Tiye
- Kulfa
- Simé
- 'Dem
Central
- Sar
- Mbay
- Ngambay
- 'Bedjond
- Kaba P.
Others
- Bulala
- Beraku
- Kenga
- 'Barma

Footnotes

1. ^Boyeldieu, Pascal. 2006. Présentation des langues Sara-Bongo-Baguirmiennes. Paris: CNRS-LLACAN (online version).

References

Roger Blench (2012, ms)
Greenberg, Joseph H. (1966) The Languages of Africa (2nd ed. with additions and corrections). Bloomington: Indiana University.
Keegan, John M. (2012) Sara Languages Lexicon: French Sara - Languages, English - Sara Languages, Morkeg Books, Cuenca.
Keegan, John M. (2012) The Central Sara Languages, Morkeg Books, Cuenca.
Keegan, John M. (2012) The Eastern Sara Languages, Morkeg Books, Cuenca.
Keegan, John M. (2012) The Western Sara Languages, Morkeg Books, Cuenca.
Tucker, A.N. and M.A. Bryan (1966) Linguistic Analyses: The Non-Bantu Languages of North-Eastern Africa. Published for the International African Institute. London/New York/Cape Town: Oxford University Press.

External links

PanAfriL10n page on Sara
Sara-Bagirmi Language Project

3 : Bongo-Bagirmi languages|Languages of Chad|Sara people

随便看

开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。