| 词条 | Kneader reactor |
| 释义 |
A kneader reactor (or kneading reactor) is a machine that specializes in mixing and kneading substances, particularly those with high viscosity. Many industries, such as the Food Industry, utilize machines similar to the Kneader reactor to produce goods. For example, polymers, chewing gum can be produced using these machines. Although the machine has existed for decades, kneader reactors are only recently gaining popularity in the processing industry. DescriptionThe kneading reactor is a horizontal mixing machine with two Sigma, or Z-type blades. These blades are driven by separate gears at different speeds, one running 1.5 times faster than the other. The reactor has one powerful motor and a speed reducer to drive the two blades. The kneader reactor usually has a W-type barrel with a hydraulic tilt that turns it, and a heating jacket outside. UsageThe kneader reactor uses very high viscosity materials such as chewing gum, dough, toffee, Plasticine, rubber, silicone, adhesive or resin. These materials have a viscosity of approximately 1,000,000 cps. They are mixed with reactants such as liquids, powders or slurries; the reaction mass does not undergo a physical phase change while the reaction takes place. How to selectIf a phase change does occur during processing, the conventional technology requires the use of diluents (or dilutants). Diluents are solvents which decrease the viscosity of the reaction mass, enabling mixing in the reactor, and help to control the reaction temperature. More recently, manufacturers have sought technological solutions that allow synthesis in the concentrated phase, minimizing or eliminating the use of solvents and thus intensifying the process. This "dry" process is possible in a kneader reactor. HistoryThe Sigma kneader was developed by Heinz List, a pioneer of modern industrial processing technology. List recognized that processing in the concentrated phase with little to no solvent, also known as "dry processing", would increase process yield per unit volume and would therefore be more profitable. List developed the reactor to overcome the technical complexities of processing in the concentrated phase. Technology advantagesKneader reactors offer a number of technological advantages for dry processing:
Kneader reactor technology has long been used for what is known as “Process Intensification”, where multiple processing steps are performed in the same unit. Such units are characterized by high yield per performance volume and also have the flexibility to produce different grades and/or products. References{{Refimprove|date=June 2011}}
1 : Chemical reactors |
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