“Kormos”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Kormos

释义

Kurmez Khan
References
Bibliography
External links

Kormos or Kormoz (Turkish: Körmöz or Körmös) can refer to ghosts or demons in Turkish mythology. "Kormos" means in Turkic languages "does not see" or "blind." "Blind" is also understood of as "mentally ill". Among Siberia Turkic mythology, Kormos is a devilish entity, living in the underworld. Since the souls after death can turn into Kormos, they are associated with ancestral spirits.^[1] Yakuts apply Yor for the unsatisfied dead, who roam the earth.^[2] Other names are used for them are Alban, Cahık, Ozor, and more.^[3]

The good souls protect their families and are under Ülgens command. The evil souls, who commonly dwell in the underworld, are controlled by Erlik. A third type of ghosts are those who are neither good nor evil, but simply suffering in a pathetic state.^[4]

Demonic Kormos, also called "Sokor Körmös" (blind angel),^[5] are the servants sent by Erlik to harm people and attempt to pull them into the underworld. However, if good outweighs the evil in this soul, the soul can escape the Kormos and ascend to heaven.^[6] The idea of Kormos as an evil angel, may be influenced by the Islamic idea of fallen angels.^[7]

Kurmez Khan

Kurmez Khan or Hurmuz (Hürmüz) is the king of Kormos.{{Citation needed|a source lining the Kormos to Kurmez Khan as the "king of Kormos" and how they are related to each other, please|date=February 2019}} In Sogdian religion, Xurmuzt or Hürmüz was the name used in place of Ahura Mazda.{{sfn|Frye|1996|p=247}} Via contacts with Turkic peoples like the Uyghurs, this Sogdian name came to the Mongols, who still name this deity Qormusta Tengri.{{sfn|Sims-Williams|1992|p=44}} It has also become synonymous with the old Turkic god Kürmez Han (Kormos Han).

References

1. ^Siberian Mythology in Elements
2. ^Yves Bonnefoy Asian Mythologies University of Chicago Press 1993 {{ISBN|9780226064567}} p. 332
3. ^Turkish Myths Glossary (Türk Söylence Sözlüğü), Deniz Karakurt{{tr}}
4. ^Turkish Myths Glossary (Türk Söylence Sözlüğü), Deniz Karakurt{{tr}}
5. ^Turkish Myths Glossary (Türk Söylence Sözlüğü), Deniz Karakurt{{tr}}
6. ^J. M. Hussey The Cambridge Medieval History CUP Archive 1985 p. 346
7. ^Turkish Myths Glossary (Türk Söylence Sözlüğü), Deniz Karakurt{{tr}}

Bibliography

{{citation|last=Sims-Williams|first=Nicholas|title=Sogdian and other Iranian inscriptions of the Upper Indus|year=192|publisher=University of Michigan|isbn=978-0-7286-0194-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g2dmAAAAMAAJ&q=Xwrmzt&dq=Xwrmzt&cd=1}}
{{citation|last=Frye|first=Richard Nelson|title=The heritage of Central Asia from antiquity to the Turkish expansion|year=1996|publisher=Markus Wiener Publishers|isbn=978-1-55876-111-7|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zl5smQtGeLwC&dq=Xwrmzt}}

External links

[https://books.google.com/books?id=X8waCmzjiD4C&pg=PA582&dq=körmös Mariko Namba Walter, Eva Jane Neumann Fridman, Shamanism: an encyclopedia of world beliefs, practices, and culture, Vol.2.]
Ancient Turkish Religion History-Summary (Eski Türk Dini Tarihi-Özet), Abdülkadir İnan

2 : Ghosts|Turkic demons

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