| 词条 | Kosmos 18 |
| 释义 |
| name = Kosmos 18 | image = | image_caption = | mission_type = Optical imaging | operator = | COSPAR_ID = 1963-018A | SATCAT = 586 | mission_duration = 9 days[1] | spacecraft_type = Zenit-2 | manufacturer = OKB-1 | dry_mass = | launch_mass = {{convert|4730.0|kg|lb}}[1] | dimensions = | power = | launch_date = {{start-date|24 May 1963, 10:34:06|timezone=yes}} UTC[2] | launch_rocket = Vostok-2 | launch_site = Baikonur 1/5 | launch_contractor = | disposal_type = Recovered | landing_date = {{end-date|2 June 1963}} | landing_site = | orbit_epoch = 30 May 1963[3] | orbit_reference = Geocentric | orbit_regime = Low Earth | orbit_periapsis = {{convert|203|km|mi}} | orbit_apoapsis = {{convert|278|km|mi}} | orbit_inclination = 64.9 degrees | orbit_period = 89.31 minutes | apsis = gee }}Kosmos 18 ({{lang-ru|Космос 18}} meaning Cosmos 18) or Zenit-2 No.11 was a Soviet optical film-return reconnaissance satellite launched in 1963. A Zenit-2 satellite, Kosmos 18 was the eleventh of eighty-one such spacecraft to be launched[4][5] and had a mass of {{convert|4730.0|kg|lb}}.[1] A Vostok-2 rocket, serial number E15000-12,[6] was used to launch Kosmos 18. The launch took place at 10:34:06 UTC on 24 May 1963, using Site 1/5 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome.[2] Following its successful arrival in orbit the spacecraft received its Kosmos designation, along with the International Designator 1963-018A and the Satellite Catalog Number 586.[1] Kosmos 18 was operated in a low Earth orbit. On 30 May 1963 it had a perigee of {{convert|203|km|mi}}, an apogee of {{convert|278|km|mi}}, with inclination of 64.9 degrees and an orbital period of 89.31 minutes.[3] Having spent nine days in orbit, the spacecraft was deorbited on 2 June 1963. Its return capsule descended under parachute and was recovered by Soviet forces.[5] In addition to its imaging mission, Kosmos 18 was used to conduct measurements of radiation levels in low Earth orbit.[1] References1. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1963-018A|title=Cosmos 18|publisher=National Space Science Data Center|accessdate=14 December 2013}} {{Portal|Spaceflight}}{{Orbital launches in 1963}}{{Zenit-2 satellites}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Kosmos 0018}}{{USSR-spacecraft-stub}}2. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://planet4589.org/space/log/launchlog.txt|title=Launch Log|first=Jonathan|last=McDowell|work=Jonathan's Space Page|accessdate=14 December 2013}} 3. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://planet4589.org/space/log/satcat.txt|title=Satellite Catalog|first=Jonathan|last=McDowell|work=Jonathan's Space Page|accessdate=14 December 2013}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/zenit-2.htm|title=Zenit-2 (11F61)|first=Gunter|last=Krebs|work=Gunter's Space Page|accessdate=14 December 2013}} 5. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.astronautix.com/craft/zenit2.htm|title=Zenit-2|first=Mark|last=Wade|work=Encyclopedia Astronautica|accessdate=14 December 2013|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6753VGwt2?url=http://www.astronautix.com/craft/zenit2.htm|archivedate=21 April 2012|df=}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.astronautix.com/lvs/vosk8a92.htm|title=Vostok 8A92|first=Mark|last=Wade|work=Encyclopedia Astronautica|accessdate=13 December 2013|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171108000000/http://www.astronautix.com/lvs/vosk8a92.htm|archivedate=8 November 2017|df=}} 4 : Spacecraft launched in 1963|Kosmos satellites|Spacecraft which reentered in 1963|Zenit-2 satellites |
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