“Scott County, Minnesota”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Scott County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2010 census, the population was 129,928.^[3] Its county seat is Shakopee.^[4] The county was organized in 1853 and named in honor of General Winfield Scott.

Scott County is part of the Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is a member of the Metropolitan Council, and shares many of the council's concerns about responsible growth management, advocating for progressive development concepts such as clustering, open-space design, and the preservation of open space and rural/agricultural land.

The Shakopee-Mdewakanton Indian Reservation is entirely within the county and within the cities of Prior Lake and Shakopee. Due to its proximity to major cities, the tribe has earned revenues at its gaming casinos and hotel; it has used funds to reinvest in economic development for the tribe, founding numerous other enterprises. The tribe is also committed to philanthropy, having donated more than $350 million to organizations and causes in Scott County and across the country^[5].

Scott County was one of the fastest-growing counties in Minnesota, having increased 55% since 1990. However, according to US Census data released in 2011, Scott County saw the steepest drop in median income of all of Minnesota's populous counties.^[6] Scott County is {{convert|365|sqmi|km2|sigfig=2}} and is bounded on the west and north by the Minnesota River.

The Minnesota River had supported the county's fur trading, lumbering, and farming industries in the 19th century. Today Scott County experiences a growing mix of commercial, industrial, and housing development, but is still primarily rural. Scott County is home to several historical, scenic, and entertainment destinations including Canterbury Park, The Landing, Elko Speedway, Mystic Lake Casino run by the Shakopee-Mdewakanton Dakota; the Renaissance Festival, and Valleyfair Amusement Park.

History

Scott County was first inhabited by two bands of the Santee Sioux (Dakota) Indians, the Mdewakanton and Wahpeton. Their semi-nomadic life followed a seasonal cycle. They gathered food, hunted, fished, and planted corn. In the summer the Dakota villages were occupied but in the winter the groups separated for hunting. They had many permanent villages along the Minnesota River. They had many trails leading to these settlements and to the Red River Valley in the North, and the Prairie du Chien to the Southeast. These trails were later used by the fur traders and settlers, and were known as the "ox cart trails." The area of Scott County, as well as much of southern Minnesota, was opened for settlement by two treaties signed at Mendota and Traverse des Sioux, in 1851 and 1853. These treaties removed the Dakota Indians to reservations in upper Minnesota.

Scott County was established and organized by an Act passed in the legislature on March 5, 1853. The {{convert|369|sqmi|km2|adj=on}} county was named after General Winfield Scott. Settlers started entering the area in the mid-1850s. The Minnesota River and the ox cart trails were the primary transportation routes. The first settlers were Yankees, followed by groups of Germans, Irish, Czechs, and Scandinavians. They each brought their own traditions and religions. Most of these settlers became farmers. Fur trading, lumbering, and farming were Minnesota's major industries all throughout the 19th century. With the fast-growing farms, sprang up towns. Shakopee, the County Seat, began in 1851 as a trading post by the Dakota Village of Chief Shakopee (or Shakpay). Other towns were established alongside transportation routes. When the railroads came to Minnesota they became the primary mode of transportation, and eventually highways were developed along the ox cart trails between the communities.

Due to urban sprawl and suburbanization this rural county is changing dramatically. Cities are continually growing, causing an increase in population from roughly 90,000 in 2000 to 130,000 today, making Scott County Minnesota's fastest-growing county.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of {{convert|368|sqmi}}, of which {{convert|356|sqmi}} is land and {{convert|12|sqmi}} (3.2%) is water.^[8] It is the third-smallest county in Minnesota by land area and second-smallest by total area.

The Minnesota River is the county's boundary in both the north and the west. The broad river valley juts through glacial sediment into some of the oldest rock known. Now mostly farmland, it was an oak savanna and a mixture of grass and clusters of trees that grew parallel to the river valley. The savanna bordered the "Big Woods", a "closed-forest savanna" that covered most of Minnesota before it was logged in the mid-19th century. Scott is one of 17 Minnesota savanna counties with more savanna soils than either forest or prairie soils.

Lakes

Major highways

Adjacent counties

National protected area

Demographics

As of the 2000 census, there were 89,498 people, 30,692 households, and 23,970 families residing in the county. The population density was 251 people per square mile (97/km²). There were 31,609 housing units at an average density of 89 per square mile (34/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 93.65% White, 0.92% Black or African American, 0.77% Native American, 2.17% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 1.24% from other races, and 1.21% from two or more races. 2.66% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 39.6% were of German, 12.6% Norwegian, 8.3% Irish and 5.1% Swedish ancestry.

There were 30,692 households out of which 45.40% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 66.90% were married couples living together, 7.40% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.90% were non-families. 16.00% of all households were made up of individuals and 4.50% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.89 and the average family size was 3.25.

In the county, the population was spread out with 31.20% under the age of 18, 6.70% from 18 to 24, 37.30% from 25 to 44, 18.60% from 45 to 64, and 6.20% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females there were 101.90 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.00 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $66,612, and the median income for a family was $72,212 (these figures had risen to $80,968 and $90,489 respectively as of a 2007 estimate). Males had a median income of $46,593 versus $32,482 for females. The per capita income for the county was $26,418. About 2.00% of families and 3.40% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.40% of those under age 18 and 7.50% of those age 65 or over. However, in 2011, Scott County saw the steepest drop in median income of all the populous counties in Minnesota and household wealth fell by 10 percent.^[6]

Communities

Cities

Townships

Unincorporated communities

Politics

In its early history Scott County was heavily Democratic due to being largely German Catholic and opposed to the pietistic Scandinavian Lutheran Republican Party of that era. It would never vote Republican until Theodore Roosevelt swept every Minnesota county in 1904^[15] but anti-Woodrow Wilson feeling from World War I caused the county to shift overwhelmingly to Warren G. Harding in 1920 before swinging to Robert La Follette, coreligionist Al Smith and fellow “wet” Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt.

In 1936 the county’s isolationism gave a powerful vote to William Lemke’s Union Party,^[16] and apart from Harry Truman’s Farm Belt appeal in the 1948 election Scott County would turn Republican until another Catholic nominee, John F. Kennedy, returned it to the Democratic ranks. However, since the “Reagan Revolution”, Scott County has become solidly Republican voting, with no Democrat gaining a majority of the county’s vote since Jimmy Carter in 1976, although third-party voting allowed Carter in 1980 and Bill Clinton in 1992 and 1996 to win pluralities.

Federal government

State government

Scott County is Located in the First Judicial District of Minnesota District Court

County government

See also

References

1. ^{{cite web|title=Minnesota Place Names|url=http://mnplaces.mnhs.org/upham/county.cfm|publisher=Minnesota Historical Society|accessdate=March 19, 2014|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120620201420/http://mnplaces.mnhs.org/upham/county.cfm|archivedate=June 20, 2012|df=}}
2. ^{{cite book|author=Chicago and North Western Railway Company|title=A History of the Origin of the Place Names Connected with the Chicago & North Western and Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha Railways|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OspBAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA163|year=1908|page=163}}
3. ^¹{{cite web|title=State & County QuickFacts|url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/27/27139.html|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=September 1, 2013}}
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx|accessdate=2011-06-07|title=Find a County|publisher=National Association of Counties}}
5. ^{{cite news |title=SMSC announces $4 million in donations to charitable organizations, tribes |url=https://www.swnewsmedia.com/shakopee_valley_news/news/smsc-announces-million-in-donations-to-charitable-organizations-tribes/article_338b6102-9c35-5928-8527-84132dcbc7a4.html |accessdate=February 19, 2019 |publisher=Shakopee Valley News |date=February 20, 2018}}
6. ^¹{{cite web|title=Scott County hit hardest by economic turbulence, data show | accessdate=22 September 2011 | publisher=National Public Radio |url=http://minnesota.publicradio.org/display/web/2011/09/21/scott-county-hit-hardest-by-economic-turbulence-data-shows/}}
7. ^Nelson, Steven (2011). Savanna Soils of Minnesota. Minnesota: Self. pp. 43 - 48. {{ISBN|978-0-615-50320-2}}.
8. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/docs/gazetteer/counties_list_27.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=October 25, 2014|date=August 22, 2012|title=2010 Census Gazetteer Files|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921060200/http://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/docs/gazetteer/counties_list_27.txt|archivedate=September 21, 2013|df=}}
9. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.2016.html|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates|accessdate=June 9, 2017}}
10. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|title=U.S. Decennial Census|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=October 25, 2014}}
11. ^{{cite web|url=http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu|title=Historical Census Browser|publisher=University of Virginia Library|accessdate=October 25, 2014}}
12. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/mn190090.txt|title=Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=October 25, 2014}}
13. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf|title=Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=October 25, 2014}}
14. ^{{Cite web|url=http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS|title=Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections|last=Leip|first=David|website=uselectionatlas.org|access-date=2018-10-10}}
15. ^Menendez, Albert J.; The Geography of Presidential Elections in the United States, 1868-2004, pp. 228-233 {{ISBN|0786422173}}
16. ^ Phillips, Kevin P.; The Emerging Republican Majority, pp. 428-430 {{ISBN|978-0-691-16324-6}}