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词条 Scott S. Sheppard
释义

  1. Discoveries

      Most notable discoveries  

  2. See also

  3. References

  4. External links

Scott Sander Sheppard (born 1976) is an American astronomer and a discoverer of numerous moons, comets and minor planets in the outer Solar System.[1][2][3]

Astronomer in the Department of Terrestrial Magnetism at the Carnegie Institution for Science in Washington, DC, he attended Oberlin College as an undergraduate and received his bachelor in physics with honors in 1998.[4]{{Better source|date=October 2018}} Starting as a graduate student at the Institute for Astronomy at the University of Hawaii, he was credited with the discovery of many small moons of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. He has also discovered the first known trailing Neptune trojan, {{mpl|2008 LC|18}}, the first named leading Neptune trojan, 385571 Otrera, and the first high inclination Neptune trojan, {{mpl|2005 TN|53}}. These discoveries showed that the Neptune trojan objects are mostly on highly inclined orbits and thus likely captured small bodies from elsewhere in the Solar System.

The main-belt asteroid 17898 Scottsheppard, discovered by LONEOS at Anderson Mesa Station in 1999, was named in his honor.[1]

Discoveries

{{See also|Category:Discoveries by Scott S. Sheppard}}
 Minor planets discovered: 16 
(79978) 1999 CC|158}} 15 February 1999 {{LoMP|79978|list}}}} {{ref label|codisc|A}}{{ref label|codisc|B}}{{ref label|codisc|C}}
(131695) 2001 XS|254}} 9 December 2001 {{LoMP|131695|list}}}} {{ref label|codisc|B}}{{ref label|codisc|D}}
(131696) 2001 XT|254}} 9 December 2001 {{LoMP|131696|list}}}} {{ref label|codisc|B}}{{ref label|codisc|D}}
(131697) 2001 XH|255}} 11 December 2001 {{LoMP|131697|list}}}} {{ref label|codisc|B}}{{ref label|codisc|D}}
(148975) 2001 XA|255}} 9 December 2001 {{LoMP|148975|list}}}} {{ref label|codisc|B}}{{ref label|codisc|D}}
(168700) 2000 GE|147}} 2 April 2000 {{LoMP|168700|list}}}} {{ref label|codisc|B}}{{ref label|codisc|C}}
(200840) 2001 XN|254}} 9 December 2001 {{LoMP|200840|list}}}}
341520 Mors–Somnus 14 October 2007 {{LoMP|341520|list}}}} {{ref label|codisc|C}}
385571 Otrera 16 October 2004 {{LoMP|385571|list}}}} {{ref label|codisc|C}}
(385695) 2005 TO|74}} 8 October 2005 {{LoMP|385695|list}}}} {{ref label|codisc|C}}
(469420) 2001 XP|254}} 10 December 2001 {{LoMP|469420|list}}}} {{ref label|codisc|B}}{{ref label|codisc|D}}
(469421) 2001 XD|255}} 9 December 2001 {{LoMP|469421|list}}}} {{ref label|codisc|B}}{{ref label|codisc|D}}
471143 Dziewanna 13 March 2010 {{LoMP|471143|list}}}} {{ref label|codisc|C}}{{ref label|codisc|E}}{{ref label|codisc|F}}
(471165) 2010 HE|79}} 21 April 2010 {{LoMP|471165|list}}}} {{ref label|codisc|C}}{{ref label|codisc|E}}{{ref label|codisc|G}}
(471921) 2013 FC|28}} 17 March 2013 {{LoMP|471921|list}}}} {{ref label|codisc|C}}
(508792) 2000 FX|53}} 31 March 2000 {{LoMP|503858|list}}}} {{ref label|codisc|B|}}{{ref label|codisc|C|}}

{{note label|codisc|A}} with J. X. Luu

{{note label|codisc|B}} with D. C. Jewitt

{{note label|codisc|C}} with Chadwick Trujillo

{{note label|codisc|D}} with J. T. Kleyna

{{note label|codisc|E}} with A. Udalsky

{{note label|codisc|F}} with M. Kubiak

{{note label|codisc|G}} with R. Poleski

Sheppard was the lead discoverer of the object with the most distant orbit known in the Solar System, {{mpl|2012 VP|113}} (nicknamed Biden). In 2014, the similarity of the orbit of {{mp|2012 VP|113}} to other extreme Kuiper belt object orbits led Sheppard and Trujillo to propose that an unknown Super-Earth mass planet (2–15 Earth masses) in the outermost Solar System beyond 200 AU and up to 1500 AU is shepherding these smaller bodies into similar orbits (see Planet X or Planet Nine). The extreme trans-Neptunian objects {{mpl|2013 FT|28}} and {{mpl|2014 SR|349}}, announced in 2016 and co-discovered by Sheppard, further show a likely unknown massive planet exists beyond a few hundred AU in the Solar System, with 2013 FT28 being the first known high semi-major axis and high perihelion object anti-aligned with the other known extreme objects. In 2018, the announcement of the high perihelion inner Oort cloud object {{mpl|2015 TG|387}} (nicknamed "The Goblin") by Sheppard et al., being only the third known after 2012 VP113 and Sedna, further demonstrated that a super-Earth planet in the distant solar system likely exists as 2015 TG387 has many orbital similarities as the two other known inner Oort cloud objects.

Most notable discoveries

Sheppard has been involved in the discovery of many small Solar System bodies such as trans-Neptunian objects, centaurs, comets and near-Earth objects.

  • Three comets are named after him which are Sheppard-Trujillo (C/2014 F3), Sheppard-Tholen (C/2015 T5) and comet Trujillo-Sheppard (P/2018 V5).
  • The possible dwarf planets discovered by Sheppard are 471143 Dziewanna, {{mpl|2010 KZ|39}}, {{mpl|2010 FX|86}}, {{mpl|2013 FY|27}}, {{mpl|(523671) 2013 FZ|27}} and {{mpl|2015 KH|162}}.
  • In 2018, Sheppard was the lead discoverer of the most distant observed object in our solar system and first object observed beyond 100 AU, dwarf planet 2018 VG18 (nicknamed Farout), which is around 120 AU from the Sun.
  • He discovered a minor-planet moon around likely dwarf planet {{mpl|2013 FY|27}}.
  • He is also a co-discoverer of a minor-planet moon orbiting the trans-Neptunian object 341520 Mors–Somnus.[2]
  • Among the numerous named irregular moons of the major planets in whose discovery he has been involved are:[3]
Jupiter

Discovered moons of Jupiter (full list):[3]

{{Div col|colwidth=16em}}
  • Themisto (2000), first seen but lost in 1975 by Charles Kowal
  • Harpalyke (2000)
  • Praxidike (2000)
  • Chaldene (2000)
  • Isonoe (2000)
  • Erinome (2000)
  • Taygete (2000)
  • Kalyke (2000)
  • Megaclite (2000)
  • Iocaste (2000)
  • Dia (2000)
  • Euporie (2001)
  • Orthosie (2001)
  • Euanthe (2001)
  • Thyone (2001)
  • Hermippe (2001)
  • Pasithee (2001)
  • Aitne (2001)
  • Eurydome (2001)
  • Autonoe (2001)
  • Sponde (2001)
  • Kale (2001)
  • Arche (2002)
  • Eukelade (2003)
  • Helike (2003)
  • Aoede (2003)
  • Hegemone (2003)
  • Kallichore (2003)
  • Cyllene (2003)
  • Mneme (2003)
  • Thelxinoe (2003)
  • Carpo (2003)
  • Kore (2003)
  • Herse (2003)
  • S/2003 J 2 (2003)
  • Jupiter LX (2003)
  • S/2003 J 4 (2003)
  • Jupiter LVII (2003)
  • S/2003 J 9 (2003)
  • S/2003 J 10 (2003)
  • S/2003 J 12 (2003)
  • Jupiter LVIII (2003)
  • S/2003 J 16 (2003)
  • Jupiter LV (2003)
  • Jupiter LXI (2003)
  • S/2003 J 23 (2003)
  • Jupiter LXXII (2011)
  • Jupiter LVI (2011)
  • Jupiter LIV (2016)
  • Valetudo (2016)
  • Jupiter LIX (2017)
  • Jupiter LXIII (2017)
  • Jupiter LXIV (2017)
  • Jupiter LXV (2017)
  • Jupiter LXVI (2017)
  • Jupiter LXVII (2017)
  • Jupiter LXVIII (2017)
  • Jupiter LXIX (2017)
  • Jupiter LXX (2017)
  • Jupiter LXXI (2018)
{{Div col end}}
Saturn

Discovered moons of Saturn (full list):[3]

{{Div col|colwidth=16em}}
  • Narvi (2003)
  • Fornjot (2004)
  • Farbauti (2004)
  • Aegir (2004)
  • Bebhionn (2004)
  • Hati (2004)
  • Bergelmir (2004)
  • Fenrir (2004)
  • Bestla (2004)
  • Hyrrokkin (2004)
  • Kari (2004)
  • S/2004 S 7 (2004)
  • S/2004 S 12 (2004)
  • S/2004 S 13 (2004)
  • S/2004 S 17 (2004)
  • Loge (2006)
  • Surtur (2006)
  • Skoll (2006)
  • Greip (2006)
  • Jarnsaxa (2006)
  • S/2006 S 1 (2006)
  • S/2006 S 3 (2006)
  • Tarqeq (2007)
  • S/2007 S 2 (2007)
  • S/2007 S 3 (2007)
{{Div col end}}
Uranus

Discovered moons of Uranus (full list):[3]

  • Margaret (2003)
  • Ferdinand (2003), first seen but lost in 2001 by Holman et al.
Neptune

Discovered moons of Neptune (full list):[3]

  • Psamathe (2003)

See also

  • {{section link|List of minor planet discoverers|Discovering astronomers}}

References

1. ^1 2 {{cite book |title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (17898) Scottsheppard, Addendum to Fifth Edition: 2003–2005 |last = Schmadel | first = Lutz D. |publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg |page = 112 |date = 2006 |isbn = 978-3-540-34361-5 |doi = 10.1007/978-3-540-34361-5_1203 |chapter = (17898) Scottsheppard [2.14, 0.05, 2.8] }}
2. ^1 2 {{cite web |date = 2008-08-01 |title = Circular No. 8962 Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams |publisher = CBAT |url = http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iauc/08900/08962.pdf |accessdate = 2012-01-30}}
3. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite web |title = JPL Solar System Dynamics: Planetary Satellite Discovery Circumstances |url = https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/?sat_discovery |publisher = Jet Propulsion Laboratory |accessdate = 7 October 2018}}
4. ^1 {{cite web |title = Scott S. Sheppard – Curriculum Vitae |publisher = Carnegie Institution for Science |url = http://www.dtm.ciw.edu/users/sheppard/sheppardCV.pdf |accessdate = 7 October 2018}}
[1][2][3][4]

}}

External links

  • Scott Sheppard's web site, Carnegie Institution for Science
  • Scott S. Sheppard – Curriculum Vitae, Carnegie Institution for Science
{{DEFAULTSORT:Sheppard, Scott S.}}

7 : 1977 births|American astronomers|Planetary scientists|Discoveries by Scott S. Sheppard|Discoverers of moons|Discoverers of trans-Neptunian objects|Living people
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