| 词条 | Kuspuk | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
A kuspuk ({{IPAc-en|'|g|ʌ|s|.|p|ʌ|k}}) (from Yup'ik qaspeq;[1][2] Iñupiaq: atikłuk[3][4]) is a hooded overshirt with a large front pocket commonly worn among Alaska Natives.[5] Kuspuks are tunic-length, falling anywhere from below the hips to below the knees.[6] The bottom portion of kuspuks worn by women may be gathered and akin to a skirt. Kuspuks tend to be pullover garments, though some have zippers.[7] Though kuspuks are traditionally a Yupik garment,[8] they are now worn by both men and women of many Native groups, as well as by non-Natives.[5][8][11] The garment was originally made of animal skin or gut and was worn over a fur parka to keep the parka clean.[5][5][6] As stores became more common in Bush villages, kuspuks began to be made of calico grain sacks.[5] Kuspuks are now generally made from brightly printed cotton calico, velvet, or corduroy trimmed with rickrack.[2][5][6] Today, kuspuks are often worn as a blouse with pants.[5][7] Many Alaska legislators and their staff members wear kuspuks on Fridays.[8][9][10] The tradition was started by Representative Mary Kapsner (now Mary Sattler) of Bethel around 2000.[8][10] The legislative dress code, however, requires that kuspuks be worn with dark pants.[9] Legislators' enthusiasm for kuspuks has contributed to their rising popularity in the state.[8] Travelers wearing kuspuks have faced scrutiny from the federal Transportation Security Administration because of the garment's looseness.[7][29] Senators Lisa Murkowski and Mark Begich have criticized this practice as culturally insensitive.[7][11] Pope John Paul II was presented a kuspuk as a gift when he visited Alaska in 1981.[12]Native names
See also
References1. ^{{cite book|author1=Susan B. Andrews|author2=John Creed|title=Authentic Alaska: Voices of Its Native Writers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mxV-oklDTawC&pg=PA155|year=1998|publisher=University of Nebraska Press|isbn=0-8032-5933-6|page=155}} 2. ^1 {{cite book|author=Dean M. Gottehrer|title=The Associated Press Stylebook for Alaska|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O53zwdFYTGEC&pg=PA39|year=2000|publisher=Epicenter Press|isbn=978-0-945397-87-8|page=39}} 3. ^{{cite book|author1=Susan B. Andrews|author2=John Creed|title=Purely Alaska: Authentic Voices from the Far North : Stories from 23 Rural Alaskans|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=90bpsetzND8C&pg=PA220|year=2010|publisher=Epicenter Press|isbn=978-1-935347-10-1|page=220}} 4. ^{{cite journal|last=Ikuta|first=Hiroko|title=Iñupiaq pride: Kivgiq (Messenger Feast) on the Alaskan North Slope|journal=Études/Inuit/Studies|date=2007|volume=31|issue=1-2|pages=343–364|url=http://www.erudit.org/revue/etudinuit/2007/v31/n1-2/019736ar.html|doi=10.7202/019736ar}} 5. ^1 2 {{cite book|author=Nancy Gates|title=The Alaska Almanac: Facts about Alaska|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g_0sbbGO69gC&pg=PA111|year=2006|publisher=Graphic Arts Center Publishing Co.|isbn=978-0-88240-652-7|page=111}} 6. ^{{cite book|author=Alexander B. Dolitsky|title=Fairy Tales and Myths of the Bering Strait Chukchi|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pPDZAAAAMAAJ|year=1997|publisher=Alaska-Siberia Research Center|isbn=978-0-9653891-1-2|page=130}} 7. ^1 2 {{cite news|last=Land|first=Ted|title=Alaska's Kuspuk Becomes Part of TSA Debate|url=http://articles.ktuu.com/2012-03-22/kuspuk_31227480|accessdate=May 22, 2014|newspaper=KTUU|date=March 22, 2012}} 8. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite news|last=McBride|first=Rhonda|title=Kuspuks at the Capitol|url=http://www.ktva.com/kuspuks-at-the-capitol/|accessdate=May 22, 2014|newspaper=KTVA|date=March 2, 2014}} 9. ^1 2 3 {{cite news|last=Land|first=Ted|title=Capitol continues commemorative kuspuk custom|url=http://articles.ktuu.com/2010-03-06/alaska_24128252|accessdate=May 22, 2014|newspaper=KTUU|date=March 6, 2010}} 10. ^1 2 {{cite news|title=It's Kuspuk Friday in the Alaska Legislature|url=http://www.alaskapublic.org/2013/03/22/its-kuspuk-friday-in-the-alaska-legislature/|accessdate=May 22, 2014|newspaper=Alaska Public Media|date=March 22, 2013}} 11. ^1 {{cite news|last=Hopkins|first=Kyle|title=Pressed for change, Native leaders promise a 'new, modern AFN'|url=http://www.adn.com/2012/10/20/2666731/pressed-for-change-native-leaders.html|accessdate=May 22, 2014|newspaper=Anchorage Daily News|date=October 20, 2012}} 12. ^1 {{cite news|last=Bartley|first=Bruce|title=Alaska preparing a warm welcome for the pope|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2199&dat=19810221&id=ALcrAAAAIBAJ&sjid=u-cFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6706,3983939|accessdate=May 22, 2014|newspaper=Lawrence Journal-World|date=February 21, 1981|agency=Associated Press}} 13. ^1 2 3 Jacobson, Steven A. (compiler) 2012. Yup'ik Eskimo Dictionary, 2nd edition. Greatly revised and emended edition of Jacobson's 1984 dictionary. Alaska Native Language Center (qaspeq = thin hooded pullover garment, of length varying from below the hips to below the knees, usually of cloth nowadays (formerly of thin skin), often brightly colored and well decorated (especially those made for women), worn as a parka cover, as a jacket or dress; anorak; snowshirt; rain parka or other uninsulated parka; "kuspuk") 14. ^alaskool.org: Chevak glossary words (qaspeq = outer lining of a parka) 15. ^Nuniwarmiut Piciryarata Tamaryalkuti: Nunivak Island Cup'ig Language Preliminary Dictionary (qasper = kuspuk; parka cover) 16. ^MacLean, Edna Ahgeak 2011. Iñupiatun Uqaluit Taniktun Sivunniuġutiŋit / North Slope Iñupiaq to English Dictionary. Alaska Native Languages Archives, University of Alaska Fairbanks (atikłuk = cloth cover for fur parka, commonly called "snowshirt" ) 17. ^Inupiaq postbases 18. ^Seiler, Wolf A. 2012. Iñupiatun Eskimo Dictionary. SIL International Partners in Language Development. (atikłuk = parka cover; snow shirt) 19. ^Bernadette Yaayuk Alvanna-Stimpfle 2007. "Ugiuvaŋmiuraaqtuaksrat" Future King Island Speakers, Alaska Native Knowledge Network, University of Alaska Fairbanks. April, 2007 (uġiłiqaaq = parka cover (calico)) External links{{commons cat|Kuspuks}}
5 : Dresses|Shirts|Alaska Native culture|Inupiat culture|Yupik culture |
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