| 词条 | Scutellaria montana |
| 释义 |
|image = Scutellaria montana.jpg |status = G3 |status_system = TNC |regnum = Plantae |unranked_divisio = Angiosperms |unranked_classis = Eudicots |unranked_ordo = Asterids |ordo = Lamiales |familia = Lamiaceae |genus = Scutellaria |species = S. montana |binomial = Scutellaria montana |binomial_authority = Chapm. |}}Scutellaria montana, with the common names largeflower skullcap,[1] large-flowered skullcap and mountain skullcap, is an perennial forb first described by Alvan Chapman in 1878.[2] This narrowly endemic species is found in the southeastern United States in parts of the Ridge and Valley and Cumberland Plateau Physiographic Provinces. Populations have been documented from four Tennessee counties and nine Georgia counties and is protected under the US Endangered Species act as it is a threatened species.[3][4] The Latin specific epithet montana refers to mountains or coming from mountains.[5] DescriptionThis plant has a single, erect square stem and may grow 30 to 60 cm in height. The leaves are simple, opposite in arrangement, lanceloate to ovate with crenate to serrate margins, and the blades are 5 to 8 cm long and 3 to 5 cm wide. Characteristic to this species, the leaves have a soft pubesence with glandular and non-glandular hairs on both surfaces. As the common name suggests, the inflorescence are large at 2.6 to 3.5 cm long; flowers are terminal and blue and white in color. Another characteristic specific to this species and used to distinguish it from other Scutellaria species is that the infloresence lack an annulus within the corolla tube near the top of the calyx; this is the only species of the genus that is exannulate. Flowers bloom from mid-May to June, and fruits mature in June and early July.[6] HabitatThis plant grows in mid- to late-successional forests dominated by oak and pine trees, most often Quercus alba, Q. velutina, and/or Q. montana, and Pinus echinata or P. taeda. The soil is acidic, rocky, and shallow, sometimes as shallow as 3 centimeters. It is dry to somewhat moist in the habitat. Other plants in the habitat include Desmodium spp., Hexastylis spp., Chimaphila maculata, and Cornus florida. This plant was federally listed as an endangered species in 1986. When more populations were discovered, it was downlisted to threatened status in 2002.[3][7] It is still threatened by human activity such as logging, suburban development, and quarrying.[7] References1. ^{{PLANTS|id=SCMO6|taxon=Scutellaria montana|accessdate=8 November 2015}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q7439565}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Scutellaria Montana}}2. ^Chapman, A.W. 1878. An Enumeration of Some Plants-Chiefly From the Semi-Tropical Regions of Florida-Which are Either New, or Which Have Not Hitherto Been Recorded as Belonging to the Flora of the theSouthern States (Continued). Botanical Gazette 3:9-12. 3. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://ecos.fws.gov/docs/federal_register/fr3835.pdf |format=pdf |title=Reclassification of Scutellaria montana (Large-Flowered Skullcap) From Endangered to Threatened] Federal Register |accessdate=14 Jan 2002}} 4. ^http://ecos.fws.gov/speciesProfile/profile/speciesProfile.action?spcode=Q2IA U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Species Profile for Large-Flowered skullcap (Scutellaria montana) 5. ^Archibald William Smith {{google books|ahNMkgoNJ7IC|A Gardener's Handbook of Plant Names: Their Meanings and Origins|page=239}} 6. ^•U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2002. Endangered and threatened wildlife and plants; reclassification of Scutellaria montana (Large-flowered skullcap) from endangered to threatened. Federal Register Vol. 67, No. 9. pp. 1662-1668 7. ^1 Scutellaria montana. The Nature Conservancy. 5 : Scutellaria|Threatened flora of the United States|Flora of Georgia (U.S. state)|Flora of Tennessee|Plants described in 1878 |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。