| 词条 | Sde Dov Airport | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Sde Dov Airport | nativename = | nativename-a = {{nobold|{{Hebrew|שדה דב}}}} {{nobold|{{lang|ar|مطار سدي دوف}}}} | nativename-r = | image = Sde Dov Airport and Reading Power Station.JPG | image-width = 250 | caption = Sde Dov Airport and Reading Power Station | IATA = SDV | ICAO = LLSD | type = Public | owner = | operator = Israel Airports Authority | city-served = Israel | location = Tel Aviv, Israel | elevation-f = 42 | elevation-m = 13 | pushpin_map = Israel | pushpin_label = SDV | coordinates = {{coord|32|6|38.99|N|34|46|46.01|E|type:airport}} | website = www.iaa.gov.il | metric-elev = | metric-rwy = | r1-number = 03/21 | r1-length-f = 5,712 | r1-length-m = 1,741 | r1-surface = Asphalt | stat-year = 2007 | stat1-header = Total Passenger Movements | stat1-data = 703,649 | stat2-header = Total Aircraft Movements | stat2-data = 36,427 | stat3-header = | stat3-data = | stat4-header = | stat4-data = | footnotes = }} Sde Dov Airport ({{lang-he-n|שדה דב}}, lit. Dov Field, {{lang-ar|مطار سدي دوف}}), also known as Dov Hoz Airport ({{lang-he-n|נמל התעופה דב הוז}}, Nemal HaTe'ufa Dov Hoz, {{lang-ar|مطار دوف هوز}}) {{Airport codes|SDV|LLSD}} is an airport located in Tel Aviv, Israel which mainly handles scheduled domestic flights to Eilat and Uvda (a.k.a. Ovda), northern Israel (Haifa and the Galilee), and the Golan Heights.[1] It is the largest airport in Tel Aviv proper, and the second largest in the area, after Ben Gurion International Airport on the outskirts of Lod. The airport is named after Dov Hoz, one of the pioneers of Jewish aviation. The airport is expected to close in 2019[2] after an agreement was struck re-purposing the land which houses it for residential apartments.[3] Commercial flights will move to Ben Gurion Airport.[4] The airport is a focus city for Arkia Israel Airlines and Israir Airlines. HistoryEarly historyIn 1937, the mayor of Tel Aviv Israel Rokach asked the British mandate authorities for permission to create an airport in Palestine, promising to solve the transportation problem of Jews during the Arab revolt of 1936–39 when travelling from Tel Aviv through Arab territory to the main airport at Lydda, to catch Palestine Airways flights to Haifa, was difficult and dangerous. Works began on a plot of land north of the Yarkon River, Tel Aviv and when completed in October 1938, the airport served regular flights to Haifa, with the option of flights to Beirut.[5] In 1940, the airport's name was changed to Sde Dov, in memory of Dov Hoz, one of the pioneers of Jewish aviation.[6] Sde Dov was abandoned after Palestine Airways ceased operations in August 1940 and the site was used as a British Army base until December 1947 when with British permission the runway was reopened by Haganah. In the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, the airport served as a base to the Israeli Air Force. It was a central base, home to 21 aircraft at the time. The first military flight was made in December, 1947, when Pinchas Ben Porat flew an RWD-13 to Beit Eshel to rescue an injured soldier.[7][8] After the warFollowing the 1948 war the Arab orchards to the east of Tel Aviv were opened for development, and the military started using the Sde Dov airport on a regular basis. The airport regained its commercial operations, initially serving domestic flights, mostly to single customers, on Piper Cub aircraft. It later expanded operations to scheduled service on larger aircraft to various parts of Israel. As a result of the land availability, an additional, north–south, runway was built with no opposition. By 1960, land in Tel Aviv became scarce, and the municipality demanded that the airport be relocated northward, so as to allow residential development in its place. However, a committee that investigated in 1961 the options for such a relocation found no feasible site in proximity to Tel Aviv and suggested that flights be moved to Lod airport (now known as Ben Gurion Airport), and that road access from Tel Aviv to Lod be improved. This option, however, was blocked by the Israel Defense Forces.[5] The government set up a second committee in 1968 who suggested that the old east–west runway be closed and the airport's area reduced, allowing for development to the east of the airport. They suggested that this is replaced by a new runway in the sea, adjacent to the beach. The runway was closed, and a high density upper-middle income neighborhood was built to the east of the airport, although the new runway was never constructed due to the high cost involved.[5] As the new residential area suffered from aircraft noise, residents joined in the demand that the airport be relocated. Despite this, the number of flights to the airport increased as the newly formed Israel Airports Authority strived to reduce congestion at Ben Gurion Airport by shifting all domestic turbo-prop flights to Sde Dov. Once again, the only feasible alternative proposed at this point was to build a runway in the sea and again, the high cost of this project meant that it never happened. This was a large issue in the area during the whole of the 1980s.[5] Recent history and relocation plansThe early 1990s saw a rapid rise in land values in the Tel Aviv area following the massive immigration wave from the ex-Soviet Union and the rapid economic growth fueled by Israel's subsequent hi-tech boom. This brought the issue of relocation back to light. Despite this, however, in 1997, Sde Dov was declared an International Airport for private flights.[9] In the future, the Main Terminal, the aircraft parking aprons and the aircraft hangars will be transferred to an area near the Tel Baruch Beach which will enable the construction of new traffic routes to North Tel Aviv.[10]
The issue remained unresolved until late 2006 when it was announced that the airport would be vacated to make way for residential redevelopment.[12] It is unclear, however, when this will actually take place as the Tel Aviv municipality, the Israeli domestic air carriers and other interests such as the general aviation community oppose closing the airport. Initially the plan was to relocate the entire airport (runway as well as terminal facilities) onto an artificial island to be built offshore.[13] When Sde Dov does close, its military terminal would be relocated to the Palmachim Airbase and civilian activities would be relocated to Ben Gurion Airport.[4] With capacity at Ben Gurion projected to reach a maximum over the next few decades however, the concept of building an airport offshore in the Tel Aviv region may yet be revived in the future. Sde Dov itself is operating near to capacity, however, with annual passenger movements around 700,000 and a potential capacity of 950,000.[9] The airport todayToday, Sde Dov Airport mostly handles domestic flights within Israel, as well as light-aircraft activity and limited international flights, mostly to nearby Cyprus. The airport has two terminals. The IAF still takes up about 40% of overall movements (take-offs and landings), and uses the airport as a base for some of its operations, as well as a convenient hub for military and government passenger traffic. Due to its location in the centre of Israel, air-force and civilian pilots alike cross the airspace controlled by Sde Dov's air traffic control tower from north to south and vice versa in order to reach their destination, without landing at Sde Dov. This increases significantly the air traffic density above and around the airport, and efforts have been made to keep "crossing traffic" away from the approach and departure patterns in order to minimise their effect on air traffic safety at Sde Dov. The airport has seven check-in desks and 45 aircraft stands.[9] Airlines and destinations{{Airport-dest-list| Arkia | Eilat–Ramon, Larnaca (ends 28 March 2019)[14] | Ayit Aviation and Tourism |Seasonal charter: Paphos,[15] Rosh Pina[15] | Israir Airlines | Larnaca[16] Seasonal charter: Paphos (begins {{date|2019-4-20}})[17] }} External links
References1. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.iaa.gov.il/Rashat/Templates/InsidePages/ScheduleFlightsTemplate.aspx?NRMODE=Published&NRORIGINALURL=%2fRashat%2fen-US%2fAirports%2fSdeDov%2fInformationforTravelers%2fScheduleFlights%2ehtm&NRNODEGUID=%7b0AE46CA1-7A07-4442-A40F-85DC202EE736%7d&NRCACHEHINT=Guest | title=Scheduled Flights | accessdate=2008-03-22 | publisher=Israel Airports Authority}} 2. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.globes.co.il/news/article.aspx?fbdid=1001182224|title=אושר: שדה דב ימשיך לפעול עד 2019 חרף החלטת ביהמ"ש|last=חודי|first=אורי|website=Globes|language=he|access-date=2018-03-30}} 3. ^{{Cite web | url=http://www.haaretz.com/business/real-estate/government-approves-sde-dov-airport-closure-to-make-way-for-thousands-of-homes.premium-1.472822 | title= Government approves Sde Dov Airport closure to make way for thousands of homes | accessdate= 2014-02-27}} 4. ^1 {{Cite web | url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3420369,00.html | title=Tel Aviv airport to make way for luxury project | accessdate=2007-07-03}} 5. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url=http://geography.huji.ac.il/emppp/israel%20conflict/envcnf.apn.htm | title=The Sde Dov Airport | accessdate=2008-03-22 | publisher=Hebrew University | deadurl=yes | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080330185558/http://geography.huji.ac.il/emppp/israel%20conflict/envcnf.apn.htm | archivedate=2008-03-30 | df= }} 6. ^Huldai: Sde Dov airport is here to stay for at least 15 years, Haaretz {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110128225051/http://english.themarker.com/huldai-sde-dov-airport-is-here-to-stay-for-at-least-15-years-1.339421 |date=2011-01-28 }} 7. ^{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mO02czQ9jyYC&pg=PA7&dq=sde+dov+airport+Pinchas+Ben+Porat&sig=oA-Nt_POUEUNySyQacSOwRs43Fc | title=Arab-Israeli Air Wars 1947–82 | first=Shlomo | last=Aloni | publisher=Osprey Publishing | year=2001 | isbn=1-84176-294-6 | page=7}} 8. ^{{Cite book | last = Cohen | first = Eliezer | authorlink = | coauthors = | title = Israel's Best Defense | publisher = Orion Books | year = 1993 | location = New York | pages = 504 | url = | doi = | id = | isbn = 0-517-58790-4}} 9. ^1 2 {{cite web | url=http://www.airports-worldwide.com/israel/sde_dov_israel.htm | title=Sde Dov (Dov Hoz) Airport | accessdate=2008-03-22 | publisher=Airports Worldwide}} 10. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.iaa.gov.il/Rashat/en-US/Airports/SdeDov/AbouttheAirport/DevelopmentPlans/ | title=Development Plans | publisher=IAA | accessdate=2008-03-22}} 11. ^{{Cite web | url=http://www.iaa.gov.il/en-US/airports/sdedov/Pages/Statistics.aspx | title=Sde Dov Airport Statistics | accessdate=2016-01-19}} 12. ^{{Cite web | url=http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/793988.html | title=Sde Dov to be vacated, state gets half of Big Bloc | accessdate=2007-05-05 | publisher=Haaretz}} 13. ^{{cite web | url=http://telavivinf.com/info/infoitem.asp?item=345&lang=eng | title=An Airport on an Artificial Island | accessdate=2007-05-05}} 14. ^{{cite news|last1=Jim|first1=Liu|title=Arkia W18 Larnaca operation changes|url=https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/280940/arkia-w18-larnaca-operation-changes/|accessdate=10 October 2018|work=Routesonline|date=10 October 2018}} 15. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.iaa.gov.il/en-US/airports/sdedov/Pages/Online-flight.aspx?mode=in|date=28 June 2018|title=Timetable|website=www.iaa.gov.il}} 16. ^{{cite news|last1=Liu|first1=Jim|title=Israir adds Tel Aviv Sde Dov – Larnaca service from late-Nov 2018|url=https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/280939/israir-adds-tel-aviv-sde-dov-larnaca-service-from-late-nov-2018/|accessdate=10 October 2018|work=Routesonline|date=10 October 2018}} 17. ^{{cite news |last1=Liu |first1=Jim |title=Israir schedules new Paphos charters in S19 |url=https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/282779/israir-schedules-new-paphos-charters-in-s19/ |accessdate=5 February 2019 |work=Routesonline |date=5 February 2019}} External links
5 : Transport in Tel Aviv|Airports in Israel|Israeli Air Force bases|Buildings and structures in Tel Aviv|World War II sites in Mandatory Palestine |
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