| 词条 | Lake Louise (Pennsylvania) |
| 释义 |
|name = Lake Louise |image = Lake_Louise_from_the_east.jpg |caption = Lake Louise in August 2016 |location = Franklin Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania |coords = {{coord|41.3826|-75.9136|type:waterbody_region:US-PA|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |inflow = Sutton Creek; two unnamed streams |outflow = Sutton Creek |catchment = {{convert|2.69|sqmi|km2}} |length = {{convert|4000|ft|m}} |area = {{convert|56|or|67|acre|ha}} |volume = {{convert|193|acre.ft|m3}} |elevation = {{convert|1083|m|ft}} }} Lake Louise is a lake in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It has a surface area of approximately {{convert|67|acre|ha}} on The National Map and is located entirely in Franklin Township.[1] The lake is dammed by the Lake Louise Dam, which is in poor condition, as of 1980. Lake Louise is situated on Sutton Creek and drains an area of {{convert|2.69|sqmi|km2}}. As of 1980, its watershed is mostly forested. The Lake Louise Lake Association was given a Growing Greener mini-grant in 2012. Geography, geology, and watershedThe main inflows to Lake Louise are Sutton Creek and two unnamed streams. The main outflow is Sutton Creek.[1] The lake has an elevation of {{convert|1083|ft|m}} above sea level.[2] Under normal conditions, the lake has an area of {{convert|56|acre|ha}}, a volume of {{convert|193|acre.ft|m3}}, and a length of {{convert|4000|ft|m}}. However, the maximum storage capacity is {{convert|705|acre.ft|m3}}. The lake is {{convert|4|mi|km}} upstream of the Susquehanna River.[4] Lake Louise is dammed by the Lake Louise Dam.[1] As of 1980, this dam is in poor condition, with a spillway capable of handling 45 percent of a probably maximum flood. It was classified as an "unsafe non-emergency dam".[3] The dam is an earthfill dam with a height of {{convert|16|ft|m}}, a length of {{convert|210|ft|m}}, and a width of {{convert|26|ft|m}} at the top.[4] Lake Louise is in the Glaciated Low Plateaus section of the Appalachian Plateaus physiographic province. The main rock formation underlying the lake is the Devonian-age Susquehanna Group, which consists of conglomerate, siltstone, sandstone, and shale.[4] The watershed of Lake Louise has an area of {{convert|2.69|sqmi|km2}}. As of 1980, the watershed of Lake Louise is mostly forested. Most slopes in the watershed are gentle or moderate.[4] Lake Louise is entirely within the United States Geological Survey quadrangle of Center Moreland.[2] HydrologyIn October 2007, the concentration of nitrate/nitrogen at the inlets to Lake Louise ranged from {{convert|0.19|to|0.33|mg/l|lb/cuft|sp=us}}. In November 2009, the concentration ranged from {{convert|0.10|to|0.46|mg/l|lb/cuft|sp=us}} and in May 2011, the concentration ranged from {{convert|0.09|to|0.33|mg/l|lb/cuft|sp=us}}. At the outlet of Lake Louise, the concentrations on those three dates were {{convert|0.19|mg/l|lb/cuft|sp=us}}, {{convert|0.12|mg/l|lb/cuft|sp=us}}, and {{convert|0.24|mg/l|lb/cuft|sp=us}}, respectively. For comparison, healthy lakes generally have concentrations of less than {{convert|0.05|mg/l|lb/cuft|sp=us}} in the summertime.[5] In October 2007, the concentration of phosphorus at the inlets to Lake Louise ranged from {{convert|0.61|to|1.62|mg/l|lb/cuft|sp=us}}. In November 2009, the concentration ranged from {{convert|0.04|to|0.99|mg/l|lb/cuft|sp=us}} and in May 2011, the concentration ranged from {{convert|0.04|to|0.53|mg/l|lb/cuft|sp=us}}. At the outlet of Lake Louise, the concentrations on those three dates were {{convert|0.00|mg/l|lb/cuft|sp=us}}, {{convert|0.29|mg/l|lb/cuft|sp=us}}, and {{convert|0.59|mg/l|lb/cuft|sp=us}}, respectively. For comparison, a phosphorus concentration of more than {{convert|0.03|mg/l|lb/cuft|sp=us}} indicates a eutrophic lake.[5] HistoryLake Louise was entered into the Geographic Names Information System on August 2, 1979. Its identifier in the Geographic Names Information System is 1199089.[2] In 2012, the Lake Louise Lake Association was awarded a Growing Greener mini-grant for sediment removal, shoreline stabilization, riparian buffer establishment, and invasive species control on Lake Louise.[6] See also
References1. ^1 2 {{Citation|author=United States Geological Survey |url=http://viewer.nationalmap.gov/viewer/ |title=The National Map Viewer |accessdate=August 9, 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/66gupqQDM?url=http://viewer.nationalmap.gov/viewer/ |archivedate=April 5, 2012 |df= }} 2. ^1 2 {{Citation|author = Geographic Names Information System|url = http://gnis.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=136:3:0::NO:3:P3_FID,P3_TITLE:1199089,Lake%20Louise|title = Feature Detail Report for: Lake Louise|accessdate = August 9, 2015}} 3. ^{{citation|author = R. Jeffrey Kimball|url = http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA091448|title = National Dam Inspection Program. Lake Louise Dam (NDS ID Number PA-558, DER ID Number 40-134), Susquehanna River Basin, Suttons Creek, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania. Phase I Inspection Report|date = September 1980|accessdate = August 9, 2015}} 4. ^1 2 3 {{Citation|author = L. Robert Kimball And Associates|url = http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf&AD=ADA091448|title = ADA091448|pages = 13, 17, 51, 104|accessdate = August 9, 2015}} 5. ^1 {{Citation|author1=Thomas E. Barnard |author2=Erich Schramm |author3=Brian Naberezny |author4=Dale Bruns |author5=Kenneth Klemow |url = http://energy.wilkes.edu/MSDocs/Pennsylvania%20Academy%20of%20Sceince%20Presentation.ppsx|title = Surface water quality monitoring to address the impacts on Marcellus Gas development on small and medium streams in northeast Pennsylvania|date = March 30, 2012|accessdate = August 9, 2015}} 6. ^{{Citation|author = PA Lake Management Society|url = http://www.palakes.org/news-and-events/36-events/78-2011-grant|title = Round 1 Mini-Grants|accessdate = August 9, 2015}} External links
2 : Lakes of Luzerne County, Pennsylvania|Lakes of Pennsylvania |
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