| 词条 | Lake Sonfon |
| 释义 |
| name = Lake Torisim Lake Confon | location = Diang Koinadugu District | image = Lake Sonfon.jpg | image_bathymetry = | caption_bathymetry = | coords = {{coord|09|15|N|11|30|W|type:waterbody_region:CH|display =inline,title}} | outflow = Pampana River | inflow = 7 small streams | catchment = | basin_countries = Sierra Leone | length = | width = | area = {{convert|8.2|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | depth = | max-depth = {{convert|8|m|ft|abbr=on}} | volume = | shore = | elevation = {{convert|549|m|ft|abbr=on}} | residence_time = | islands = | islands_category = | cities = }}Lake Sonfon, also known as Lake Confon, is a fresh water mountain lake in Diang, Sierra Leone of religious and cultural significance.[1] The nearest towns are Kabala that is 60 km to the north and Benugu that is 40 km to the south. It is located in the hills of the Sula Mountains at an altitude of {{convert|549|m|ft|abbr=on}} above sea level. Sonfon drains from its southern end, which forms the start of the Pampana River,[2] and is fed by seven small streams with its water level varying considerably during the year.[3] The Lake has a maximum depth of {{convert|8|m|ft|abbr=on}} and with an area of {{convert|8.2|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} is Sierra Leone's largest inland lake.[3][4]Gold deposits are found in the rocks of Lake Sonfon and in alluvial deposits in the area. Only the alluvial deposits are being worked employing 15,000 miners around the Lake.[5][6] This mining is causing the level of water in the lake to decrease.[8] Although the Sonfon is not well surveyed 105 species of birds have been identified at the lake including the iris glossy-starling, the Dybowski's twinspot, the splendid sunbird, the red-faced pytilia and the pied-winged swallow. Animals that live at the lake include endangered pygmy hippopotamus, black duikers and Maxwell's duikers.[7] In the dry season the lake is completely covered with vegetation.[3] The hill environment around the lake consist of forests, wooded savanah, grassland and farmbush.[7] The Lake is a key conservation area and a proposed protected area but as of 2011 there is no protection in place.[8] Lake Sonfon is considered sacred in traditional belief with local people carrying out cultural ceremonies along its shore.[1][9] Offerings, including rice and food, are floated into the lake on calabashes.[15] In traditional belief the lake is symbolically intermittent, as well as being intermittent in terms of the amount of water in the dry season and a powerful Djinn lives in the lake.[10] See also
References1. ^1 {{Cite web | title = Lake Sonfon and Environs | publisher = Visit Sierra Leone | year = 2011 | url = http://www.visitsierraleone.org/Attractions/Nature-and-Wildlife/Lake-Sonfon-and-Environs.html | accessdate = 27 February 2011 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110109223745/http://visitsierraleone.org/Attractions/Nature-and-Wildlife/Lake-Sonfon-and-Environs.html | archivedate = 9 January 2011 | df = }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Sonfon}}2. ^{{Cite web | title =LOCATION AND PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TONKOLILI DISTRICT | publisher = Tonkoli District Council | url =http://tonkolili.com/ourlocation.php# | accessdate = 27 February 2011}} 3. ^1 2 {{Cite book | last =Hughes | first =R. H. |author2=J. S. Hughes |title = A directory of African wetlands | publisher =IUCN | year = 1992| pages= 439–440 | url =https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=VLjafeXa3gMC&pg=PA439&dq=lake+sonfon&hl=en&ei=qLBqTbCVOc60hAfn8eXsDg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CDkQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=lake%20sonfon&f=false|isbn=978-2-88032-949-5}} 4. ^{{Cite book | last =Hudgens| first =Jim |author2=Richard Trillo |title =The rough guide to West Africa| publisher = Rough Guides| year = 2003 |page=642 | url =https://books.google.com/books?id=iRoSWScaz-YC&pg=PA642&dq=lake+sonfon&hl=en#v=onepage&q=lake%20sonfon&f=false|isbn=978-1-84353-118-0}} 5. ^{{Cite web |first=Greg |last=Valerio|title =The authentic voice of the Fairmined Gold pioneer in Sierra Leone |publisher =EchoChic Magazine |url=http://www.ecochiccollection.co.uk/magazine/eco-fashion-expo/fairtrade-matters/the-authentic-voice-of-the-fairmined-gold-pioneer-in-sierra-leone| accessdate = 2 March 2011}} 6. ^{{Cite web| title = AN OVERVIEW OF KEY MINERALS| publisher = Ministry of Mineral Resources| date = 21 January 2010| url = http://www.slminerals.org/content/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=5&Itemid=9| accessdate = 2 March 2011| deadurl = yes| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110728030648/http://www.slminerals.org/content/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=5&Itemid=9| archivedate = 28 July 2011| df = }} 7. ^1 {{Cite web |title = Lake Sonfon and environs| publisher = BirdLife International| year = 2001| url =http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/sitefactsheet.php?id=6831| accessdate = 2 March 2011}} 8. ^{{Cite web |title =Biodiversity Resource Endowment and Conservation| publisher = World Wildlife Fund | url =http://www.worldwildlife.org/bsp/publications/africa/176/biodiv.htm| accessdate = 2 March 2011}} 9. ^1 {{Cite book | last = Ham| first =Anthony|author2=James Bainbridge |title =West Africa | publisher =Lonely Planet| year = 2006| page=753 |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=JVdWavZlYKgC&pg=PA753&lpg=PA753&dq=lake+sonfon+sacred&source=bl&ots=rXObh9BuJr&sig=GR1aEg7nxCYhHiuGj8QUigr66vQ&hl=en#v=onepage&q=lake%20sonfon%20sacred&f=false|isbn=978-1-74059-771-5}} 10. ^1 {{Cite book | last =Jackson| first =Michael |title = Life Within Limits:Well-being in a World of Want| publisher =Duke University Press| year = 2011| pages=120–121 |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=vWKQaEdv0CQC&pg=PA120&dq=lake+sonfon&hl=en#v=onepage&q=lake%20sonfon&f=false |isbn=978-0-8223-4915-0}} 2 : Lakes of Sierra Leone|Sacred lakes |
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