“La Libre Parole”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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La Libre Parole

释义

History
Legacy
1930–1940s : the Libre parole of Henry Coston
See also
References

{{Infobox newspaper|
|name = La Libre Parole
|image = 1893 La-Libre-Parole-antisemitische-Karikatur.jpg
|image_size = 250px
|country = France
|language = French
|frequency=daily
|founded = 1892
|finaldate = 1924
|owner= Édouard Drumont
}}La Libre Parole or La Libre Parole illustrée (French; The Free Word) was a French antisemitic political newspaper founded in 1892 by the journalist and polemicist Édouard Drumont.^[1]

History

Claiming to adhere to theses close to socialism, La Libre Parole is mainly known for its denunciation of various scandals, including the Panama scandal, which owes its name to the publication of a file about it in Drumont's newspaper.

With the emergence of the Dreyfus affair, La Libre Parole enjoyed considerable success, becoming the principal organ for Parisian antisemitism. At the same time, La Libre Parole advocated a virulent anti-capitalism due to the link perceived by Drumont and his collaborators between Jews and capitalism.

Drumont left the management of the newspaper in 1898 when he made his entry in politics (elected as deputy of Algiers until 1902). Around 1908, wishing to sell La Libre Parole to Léon Daudet, Drumont tried to merge the newspaper with L'Action française, but this project failed.

Starting in 1910, the newspaper was published by ultraconservative Catholics and never regained the level of success it had enjoyed with the belligerent style of Drumont. Gaston Méry^[2] was one of its editors in chief. In January 1919, he published a statement by the Marquis de l'Estourbeillon in favour of the teaching of Breton in school.

Anti-Semitism in France declined during the 1920s, in part because the fact that so many Jews died fighting for France during World War I made it more difficult to accuse them of not being patriotic. La Libre Parole, which had once sold 300,000 copies per issue, closed in 1924.^[3]

Legacy

The legacy of Drumont's daily newspaper was claimed by several ephemeral publications that reused the title La Libre Parole for nationalist and xenophobic organizations:

La Libre parole (1^er no), later La Libre parole républicaine (Paris, 7 novembre 1926 – avril 1929).
La Libre Parole de Paris (later Fontainebleau) (1928-1929 [?]) represents itself in 1929 as being the continuation of Drumont's daily newspaper;

1930–1940s : the Libre parole of Henry Coston

La Libre parole, "Monthly review", later "Anti-judeo-masonic review" (Brunoy later Paris, 1930–1936), edited by Henry Coston. In April 1935 it absorbed the biweekly Le Porc-épic (The Porcupine) and then appeared as La Libre parole et le Porc-épic. In October 1937, it was replaced by Le Siècle nouveau, a monthly magazine published by the National Office of Propaganda (Vichy). This Libre parole was published in parallel with the following:
La Libre Parole, "Independent nationalist body", monthly magazine (Paris, I-III, October 1930–1932), edited by Henry Coston. It also appeared in the same year under the name La Libre parole politique et sociale.
- It later became La Libre parole populaire, "Monthly publication continuing the work of Édouard Drumont" (Paris, I-II, 1933 – November 1934).
- It changed name again to Libres paroles, "Journal de propagande nationaliste" (Paris, December 1934–1935).
- Yet another change to La Libre parole "Journal hebdomadaire" (Paris, September 1935 – April 1939). In 1938, Coston officially took over the volume numbers of Drumont's La Libre parole.
Algiers deputy candidate Coston renamed his newspaper to La Libre parole d'Alger (later Libre Parole nord-africaine d'Alger et du Nord de l'Afrique), "Anti-jewish weekly of latin action" and sometimes La Parole enchaînée (Alger, avril 1936 – février 1937 and a final issue in 1939). Henry Coston invoked, to justify the cessation of publication, the seizure of publications, leaflets, archives and documents in its offices.^[4]
In 1940, the authorities of Nazi occupied France did not permit the newspaper to reappear. Coston used the title as a publishing label to publish, starting in 1943, the Bulletin d'information anti-maçonnique (Anti-masonic Information Bulletin), and Bulletin d'information sur la question juive (Information Bulletin on the Jewish Question).

References

1. ^{{cite book|last=Brustein|first=William|title=Roots of Hate: Anti-Semitism in Europe Before the Holocaust|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Hc3HabBQsdsC&lpg=PA120&dq=Drumont%20Dreyfus&pg=PA119#v=onepage&q=Drumont%20Dreyfus&f=false|year=2003|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=0521774780|pages=119–120}}
2. ^http://revel.unice.fr/revel/pdf.php?id=6&revue=loxias{{dead link|date=July 2016}}
3. ^{{cite book | title=France: The Dark Years, 1940-1944 | publisher=Oxford University Press | author=Jackson, Julian | year=2001 | pages=105 | isbn=0-19-820706-9}}
4. ^André Halimi, La délation sous l'occupation, le cherche midi, p. 70-71

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History

Legacy

1930–1940s : the Libre parole of Henry Coston

See also

References