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词条 Lampo-class destroyer
释义

  1. Design

  2. Service

  3. Ships

  4. Notes

  5. Citations

  6. References

>{{Infobox ship image
Ship image=Lampo NH 47659.jpgShip caption=Lampo circa 1900, just after delivery
}}{{Infobox ship class overview		Name=Lampo classBuilders=Schichau-Werke, ElbingKingdom of Italy}}Italian destroyer|Fulmine|1898|2}}Nembo|destroyer|4}}Subclasses=Built range=1899–1902In commission range=1900–1924Total ships building=Total ships planned=Total ships completed=6Total ships cancelled=Total ships active=Total ships laid up=Total ships lost=1Total ships retired=Total ships scrapped=5Total ships preserved=
}}{{Infobox ship characteristics		Hide header=Header caption=Ship type=Destroyer315|LT|t|abbr=on}} normal
  • {{convert|348|LT|t|abbr=on}} full load
60.00|m|ftin|abbr=on}} pp
  • {{convert|62.05|m|ftin|abbr=on}} oa
6.50|m|ftin|abbr=on}}2.60|m|ftin|abbr=on}}Ship draft=Ship propulsion=*2 × Vertical triple-expansion steam engines
  • 4× Thornycroft boilers
  • {{convert|6000|ihp|kW|abbr=on|lk=in}}
31|kn}}290|nmi|abbr=on}} at {{convert|26|kn}}
  • {{convert|2000|nmi|abbr=on}} at {{convert|12|kn}}
Ship complement=59Ship sensors=Ship EW=Ship armament=*1 × 76 mm (3 in)/40 gun
  • 5 × 57 mm/43
  • 2× 356 mm (14 in) torpedo tubes
Ship armour=Ship armor=Ship aircraft=Ship aircraft facilities=Ship notes=
}}

The Lampo class was a class of six destroyers of the Italian Regia Marina (Royal Navy) built by the German Schichau shipyard from 1899–1901. They served in the Italo-Turkish War (where one was lost) and the surviving ships in the First World War, before being disposed of between 1920 and 1924.

Design

In 1899,[1] the Italian Navy ordered six destroyers from the German shipyard Schichau-Werke of Elbing, Prussia (now Elbląg in Poland). The design was typical for Schichau-designed destroyers of the period, with a raised turtleback{{#tag:ref|A turtleback is an arched structure over the deck of a ship, normally at the ship's bow.[2]|group=lower-alpha}} forecastle, a ram bow and two funnels.[3]

The ships were {{convert|60.00|m|ftin}} long between perpendiculars and {{convert|62.05|m|ftin}} overall, with a beam of {{convert|6.50|m|ftin}} and a draught of {{convert|2.60|m|ftin}}.[4] Displacement was {{convert|315|LT|t}} normal and {{convert|348|LT|t}} full load.[1][4] They were powered by two triple expansion steam engines fed by four Thornycroft water-tube boilers which were rated at {{convert|6000|ihp|kW|abbr=on|lk=in}} driving two shafts to give a design speed of {{convert|30|kn}}.[4][8] Sufficient coal was carried to give an endurance of {{convert|2000|nmi|lk=in}} at {{convert|12|kn}} or {{convert|290|nmi}} at {{convert|26|kn}}.[1][4]

Gun armament varied between ships. {{Ship|Italian destroyer|Lampo|1899|2}}, {{ship|Italian destroyer|Freccia|1899|2}}, {{Ship|Italian destroyer|Dardo|1900|2}} and {{Ship|Italian destroyer|Euro|1900|2}} carried a single {{convert|76|mm|in|abbr=on|0}}/40 calibre gun (capable of firing a {{convert|5.9|kg}} shell to a range of {{convert|9,850|m}} at a rate of fire of 15 rounds per minute per gun[4]) and five 57 mm/43 guns, while {{Ship|Italian destroyer|Strale|1900|2}} and {{Ship|Italian destroyer|Ostro|1901|2}} carried six 57 mm guns. Torpedo armament consisted of two {{convert|356|mm|in|abbr=on|0}} torpedo tubes.[4] The ships' crew consisted of 59 officers and men.[1]

The six ships were laid down between 1899 and 1900 and completed between 1900 and 1902.[8] While the ships were fast, reaching speeds of over {{convert|31|kn}} during sea trials (corresponding to a realistic sea speed of {{convert|25|kn}}),[8] seaworthiness was poor.[3][4][5]

Service

The ships of the class were active during the Italo-Turkish War of 1911–1912. One ship, Freccia ran aground in a storm off Tripoli, Libya, on 12 October 1911,[8][6] a few days after the city was captured by the Italians.[7] Other ships in the class took part in operations along the coast of Libya,[8] and in the Dodecanese.[9]

In 1914, the remaining ships of the class formed part of the 6th Destroyer Division, based in Libya.[3] During the First World War, the ships of the class were modified for minelaying, being fitted to carry at least 12 mines.[4] The ships were used as escorts in North African waters and in the Tyrrhenian Sea,[3][10] and as such carried depth charges and anti-submarine sweeps.[1]

The ships of the class were disposed on during the early 1920s, with the last one stricken in November 1924.[8]

Ships

ShipLaid down[11]Launched[11]Completed[11]Operational History
Italian destroyer|Lampo|1899|2}} 6 May 1899 7 October 1899 23 June 1900 Disposed of 18 March 1920[12]
Italian destroyer|Freccia|1899|2}} 1899 23 November 1899 25 May 1902 Ran aground off Tripoli, 12 October 1911[12][11]
Italian destroyer|Dardo|1900|2}}17 August 18997 February 190016 March 1901Disposed of 18 March 1920[12]
Italian destroyer|Strale|1900|2}}7 November 189919 May 19006 July 1901Disposed of 13 January 1924[11]
Italian destroyer|Euro|1900|2}}9 January 190027 August 190011 October 1901Reclassified as torpedo-boat 17 January 1921. Used as target ship 1923–24
Renamed Strale 9 September 1924
Disposed of 13 November 1924[12][11]
Italian destroyer|Ostro|1901|2}}23 March 19009 February 19018 December 1901Disposed of 30 September 1920[12]

Notes

1. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|title=Lampo: Cacciatorpediniere |url=http://www.marina.difesa.it/storiacultura/storia/almanacco/Pagine/LMNO/lampo01.aspx |publisher=Marina Militare |accessdate=2 January 2015|language=Italian}}
2. ^{{cite web|title=turtleback: Definitions|url=https://www.wordnik.com/words/turtleback|website=wordnik.com|accessdate=2 January 2015}}
3. ^1 2 3 Purnell's Illustrated Encyclopedia of Modern Weapons and Warfare, p. 1616.
4. ^Fraccaroli 1970, pp. 281–282.
5. ^Fraccaroli 1970, p. 56.
6. ^{{cite news|title=Il cacciatorpediniere "Freccia" riprendera presto il mare|url=http://www.archiviolastampa.it/component/option,com_lastampa/task,search/mod,libera/action,viewer/Itemid,3/page,2/articleid,1197_01_1911_0287_0002_17908015/anews,true/|accessdate=3 January 2015|work=La Stampa|date=16 October 1911|page=2|language=Italian}}
7. ^Beehler 1913, pp. 20–21.
8. ^Beehler 1913, pp. 35, 47.
9. ^Beehler 1913, pp. 69, 74.
10. ^Fraccaroli 1970, pp. 59, 265–266, 268–269, 272.
11. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Fraccaroli 1970, p55.
12. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Chesneau and Kolesnik 1979, p. 355.

Citations

{{reflist|30em}}

References

{{refbegin}}
  • {{cite book|last=Beehler|first=William Henry|title=The History of the Italian-Turkish War, Sept. 29, 1911 to Oct. 18, 1912|year=1913|publisher=Advertiser-Republican|location=Annapolis, Maryland, USA}}
  • {{cite book|last1=Chesneau|first1=Roger|last2=Kolesnik|first2=Eugene M|title=Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905|year=1979|publisher=Conway Maritime Press|location=London|isbn=0-85177-133-5}}
  • {{cite book|last=Fraccaroli|first=Aldo|title=Italian Warships of World War 1|year=1970|publisher=Ian Allan|location=London|isbn=0-7110-0105-7}}
  • {{cite journal|title=Lampo|journal=Purnell's Illustrated Encyclopedia of Modern Weapons and Warfare|location=London|publisher=Phoebus Pub. Co.|year=1978–1979|page=1616}}
{{refend}}{{Lampo class destroyer}}{{WWIItalianShips}}

4 : Destroyer classes|Lampo-class destroyers|World War I naval ships of Italy|Destroyers of Germany
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