| 词条 | Second Epistle of John |
| 释义 |
The Second Epistle of John, often referred to as Second John and often written 2 John or II John, is a book of the New Testament attributed to John the Evangelist, traditionally thought to be the author of the Gospel of John and the other two epistles of John. CompositionThe language of this epistle is remarkably similar to 3 John. It is therefore suggested by a few that a single author composed both of these letters. The traditional view contends that all the letters are by the hand of John the Apostle, and the linguistic structure, special vocabulary, and polemical issues all lend toward this theory.[1] Also significant is the clear warning against paying heed to those who say that Jesus was not a flesh-and-blood figure: "For many deceivers are entered into the world, who confess not that Jesus Christ is come in the flesh." This establishes that, from the time the epistle was first written, there were those who had docetic Christologies, believing that the human person of Jesus was actually pure spirit or not come at all.[2] Alternatively, the letter's acknowledgment and rejection of gnostic theology may reveal a later date of authorship than orthodox Christianity claims. This can not be assured by a simple study of the context. Gnosticism's beginnings and its relationship to Christianity are poorly dated, due to an insufficient corpus of literature relating the first interactions between the two religions. It vehemently condemns such anti-corporeal attitudes, which also indicates that those taking such unorthodox positions were either sufficiently vocal, persuasive, or numerous enough to warrant rebuttal in this form. Adherents of gnosticism were most numerous during the second and third centuries.[3] Thus, in regard to this matter and this document, either one of two explanations is commonly held:
Contents{{Original research section|date=June 2016}}It reads as follows:
The doctrines of Doceticm and Gnosticism had made inroads among the followers of Jesus in the latter half of the First Century. Some said that Jesus never assumed human flesh, but only had the appearance of flesh, because they were scandalized that Divinity would soil itself by associating so closely with matter. Others said that Christ was raised as a spirit only, and did not experience a bodily resurrection. In this epistle John condemns such doctrines in no uncertain terms with the statement that such persons were antichrist. Interpretation of "The Lady"The text is addressed to "the elect lady and her children" (some interpretations translate this phrase as "elder lady and her children"), and closes with the words, "The children of thy elect sister greet thee." The person addressed is commended for her piety, and is warned against false teachers. The lady has traditionally been seen as a metaphor for the church, the church being the body of believers as a whole and as local congregations.[4] The children would be members of that local congregation. He also includes a greeting from another church in the last verse, "The children of thy elect sister greet thee." The term the elect was a fairly common term for those who believe in the gospel and follow Christ.[5][6][7] Another interpretation holds that the letter is addressed to a specific individual, Kyria, but according to scholar Amos Wilder, "the contents of our letter exclude this view".[8] It is also possible that the letter refers to Mary, mother of Jesus; Jesus had entrusted his "beloved disciple" with Mary's life when Jesus was on the cross (John 19:26–27). The children would thus refer to the brothers of Jesus: James, Joses, Simon and Jude, and the sister to Mary's sister mentioned in {{bibleverse||John|19:25}}. Mary was likewise never referred to by name in John's gospel. Such an interpretation would assume a much earlier date of composition than modern scholars have suggested.[9][10] See also
Notes1. ^John Painter, 1, 2, and 3 John (Sacra Pagina), Volume 18 of Sacra Pagina, Liturgical Press, 2008. pp. 57–59 2. ^James Leslie Houlden, Johannine epistles, Black's New Testament commentaries, Edition 2, Continuum International Publishing Group, 1994. pp. 139–40 3. ^Cf. Bart D. Ehrman. Lost Christianities. Oxford University press, 2003, pp. 116–26 4. ^{{cite journal |last=Burton|first= Ernest DeWitt|authorlink=Ernest DeWitt Burton|year=1896|title=The Epistles of John|journal=The Biblical World|volume=7|issue=5|pages=368–69|jstor=3140373}} 5. ^[https://www.thebereancall.org/content/october-2013-classic thebereancall.org] 6. ^Did Christ Die Only for the Elect?: A Treatise on the extent of Christ's Atonement {{ISBN|1-57910-135-6}} pp. 113-114 7. ^[https://www.biblegateway.com/resources/all-women-bible/Elect-Lady biblegateway.com] 8. ^{{cite book|last=Wilder|first=Amos|authorlink=Amos Wilder|editor-last=Harmon|editor-first=Nolan|title=The Interpreter's Bible|volume=12|page=303|chapter=II John: Exegesis}} 9. ^[https://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/people-cultures-in-the-bible/people-in-the-bible/was-mary-magdalene-wife-of-jesus-was-mary-magdalene-a-prostitute/ biblicalarchaeology.org] 10. ^bible-truth.org References
External links{{wikisource|2 John}}Online translations of the Second Epistle of John:
Online articles on the Second Epistle of John:
Books of the Bible}}{{s-aft|after=Third John}}{{s-end}}{{Books of the Bible|state=collapsed}}{{Subject bar |portal1= Bible |portal2= Christianity |portal3= History}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Second Epistle Of John}} 6 : New Testament books|Christian anti-Gnosticism|Canonical epistles|Johannine literature|Women in the New Testament|Second Epistle of John |
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