“L. Dennis Smith”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

L. Dennis Smith – a developmental biologist – was the 2002 AAAS Award for Scientific Freedom and Responsibility recipient.

Background

Early on his career, Smith was an aspiring jazz musician, majoring at Indiana University for his first three years in music, playing the trumpet. He was then advised to leave the music track as it wasn’t the most stable way of making a living and rather become a music teacher. Instead he moved into science, believing a teacher would not give him enough of a challenge.^[1]

Scientific appointments

Smith has held a variety of roles in the field of science. This includes: President Emeritus of the University of Nebraska, Emeritus Professor in the UNL School of Biological Sciences, Embryology Instructor at Woods Hole Marine Biological Laboratory, Staff Scientist at the Argonne National Laboratory, Head of Purdue University’s Department of Biological Sciences, Dean, Executive Vice Chancellor and Acting Chancellor of the School of Biological Sciences at the University of California–Irvine.

Boards

As well as taking a role in the American Association for Higher Education, the American Association for State Colleges and Universities, the American Council on Education and the Association of American Universities, Smith has served on the following boards: the Association for the Accreditation of Human Research Protection Programs, the Madonna Rehabilitation Hospital, the Nebraska Arts Council, and the Nebraska Chamber of Commerce and Industry.^[2] He also enabled and supported the establishment of the Nebraska Bioethics Advisory Commission.

Publications

Smith has published almost 100 research papers and numerous abstracts in areas such as cell biology, developmental biology, biochemistry, and molecular biology.

Controversy

During his time as President of the University of Nebraska, much negative attention was drawn to the educational institute’s research on neurodegenerative diseases (including Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, AIDS, dementia, and multiple sclerosis). The problem was grants from the National Institutes of Health were funding these studies and brain cells of fetal tissues taken from a local abortion clinic were being used. Thus both those in the field of policy-making and religion took issue with the work and he was rebuffed for being “unwise” to use public funds for this kind of work. This led to the introduction of a bill to ban the use of fetal tissue from aborted fetuses which resulted in Smith’s reasoning that they were needed for research and that the bill “struck at the very heart of academic freedom.” Ultimately Smith and his research was voted in by the elected Board of Regents.^[3]

Education

Smith has a BA in Zoology and Chemistry and a Ph.D. in Experimental Embryology from Indiana University.

Awards

Smith received the 2002 Award for Scientific Freedom and Responsibility “for his steadfast commitment to academic freedom in the face of mounting social and political pressure,^[4] and “for distinguished contributions to developmental biology and leadership and advocacy on education.” But Smith was also recognized by the AAAS for his work in science education and in defense of academic freedom while President at Nebraska University. He was also named a Fellow on Biological Sciences.

It was Smith’s original studies of cell division in frogs which help put in place the foundation used by three researchers who ultimately won a Nobel Prize in medicine for identifying the entire cycle of a cell.^[5]

Response

On receiving the AAAS Award, Smith said: “It's a very nice award, but it sort of feels like after the fact. I've been retired for several years and haven't been in a laboratory since 1995. But I'm very pleased. It's a nice honor.”^[6]

Acclaim

Harold M. Maurer, M.D., UNMC Chancellor, said: “President Smith is truly deserving of this prestigious award. Through his strong leadership and example he set the tone for all biomedical research on this campus. We should all take personal pride in his award and salute his courage. With his encouragement we continue our efforts to find new treatments and cures for a variety of diseases.”

Lectures

Smith delivered a lecture entitled, ‘The Science, the Promise and the Politics of Biomedical Research,’ in October 2003 for the Sigma Xi Public Lecture on Science and Science Issues at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln.^[7]

References

1. ^{{cite web|last1=Stephens|first1=Demetria|title=3 UNL professors earn American Association for the Advancement of Science fellowships|url=http://www.dailynebraskan.com/news/articlef8f7e6ec-3f5e-11e2-93c1-001a4bcf6878.html|publisher=Daily Nebraskan|accessdate=12 May 2015}}
2. ^{{cite web|title=2002 Award for Scientific Freedom and Responsibility Award|url=http://www.aaas.org/page/2002-award-scientific-freedom-and-responsibility-recipient|publisher=AAAS|accessdate=12 May 2015}}
3. ^{{cite web|last1=Runkle|first1=Deborah|title=AAAS Award for Scientific Freedom and Responsibility|url=http://163.27.142.3/~tn0126/04%E9%AB%98%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%8B/12-13%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2/13%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2%E4%BA%8C/Eyes%20On%20Darfur/www.aaas.org/aboutaaas/awards/freedom/freedom_winners.shtml|publisher=AAAS|accessdate=12 May 2015}}
4. ^{{cite web|last1=Runkle|first1=Deborah|title=Recipients of the AAAS Award for Scientific Freedom and Responsibility|url=http://www.aaas.org/page/recipients-aaas-award-scientific-freedom-and-responsibility|publisher=AAAS|accessdate=12 May 2015}}
5. ^{{cite web|last1=Burbach|first1=Karen|title=Smith honored for defending scientific freedom|url=http://www.unmc.edu/news.cfm?match=815|publisher=University of Nebraska Medical Center|accessdate=12 May 2015}}
6. ^{{cite web|title=Alfano, Nastasi, Smith named AAAS fellows|url=http://newsroom.unl.edu/announce/todayatunl/1868/10457|publisher=University of Nebraska - Lincoln|accessdate=12 May 2015}}
7. ^{{cite web|title=The Science, the Promise, and the Politics of Biomedical Research|url=http://website.sigmaxi.org/chapters/web/nebraska/22Oct03Lecture.pdf|publisher=Sigma Xi|accessdate=12 May 2015}}