| 词条 | Senjūrō Hayashi |
| 释义 |
|name = Senjūrō Hayashi |native_name = {{nobold|林 銑十郎}} |native_name_lang = ja |image = Senjūrō Hayashi as Prime Minister.jpg |office = 22nd Prime Minister of Japan |monarch = Shōwa |term_start = 2 February 1937 |term_end = 4 June 1937 |predecessor = Kōki Hirota |successor = Fumimaro Konoe |birth_date = {{birth date|1876|2|23|df=y}} |birth_place = Kanazawa, Japan |death_date = {{death date and age|1943|2|4|1876|2|23|df=y}} |death_place = Tokyo, Japan |death_cause = Intracranial hemorrhage |restingplace= Tama Reien Cemetery, Fuchū, Tokyo |signature = HayashiS kao.png |party = Taisei Yokusankai (1940–1943) |profession = General }}{{Nihongo|Senjūrō Hayashi|林 銑十郎|Hayashi Senjūrō|extra=23 February 1876 – 4 February 1943}} was an Imperial Japanese Army commander of the Chōsen Army of Japan in Korea during the Mukden Incident and the invasion of Manchuria, and a Japanese politician and the 33rd Prime Minister of Japan from 2 February 1937 to 4 June 1937. BiographyBorn in Ishikawa Prefecture, to a samurai-class family formerly in service to Kaga Domain, Hayashi dropped out of school in July 1894 to enlist in the Imperial Japanese Army at the start of the First Sino-Japanese War. After the end of the war, he attended the Imperial Japanese Army Academy, and on graduation in June 1897 was assigned to the IJA 7th Infantry Regiment. in 1903, he graduated from the Army Staff College. With the start of the Russo-Japanese War, Hayashi participated in the Siege of Port Arthur. Hayashi's first major command from 1918 to 1920 was as commanding officer of the IJA 57th Infantry Regiment, followed by a time in 1921 attached to the Technical Research Headquarters and as an acting Military Investigator. From 1921 to 1923 he was the head of the Preparatory Course at the Imperial Japanese Army Academy, followed by a time attached to the Inspectorate General of Military Training. From 1923 to 1924 he was the Japanese Army Representative to the League of Nations, followed by another stint attached to the Inspectorate General of Military Training from 1924 to 1925. In 1925, Hayashi became the commanding Officer of the IJA 2nd Infantry Brigade. In 1926 he was made Commandant of the Tokyo Bay Fortress. In 1927, he became the Commandant of the Army War College, followed in 1928 as Deputy Inspector-General of Military Training. Finally in 1929 he became the General Officer Commanding the Imperial Guards Division. In 1930, Lieutenant-General Senjūrō Hayashi, was made Commander in Chief of the Japanese Korean Army. On the day after the Mukden Incident on 19 September, he ordered the IJA 20th Division to split its force, forming the 39th Mixed Brigade. Acting without authorization by the Emperor or central government in Tokyo, Hayashi ordered the 39th Mixed Brigade to cross the Yalu River that same day into Manchuria. The Cabinet was forced to concede the point to the military afterwards and the movement of the 39th Mixed Brigade from Korea was authorized on 22 September. Following his command in Korea, Hayashi was made Inspector General of Military Training and a member of the Supreme War Council from 1932 to 1934. In 1932, he was awarded with the Order of the Sacred Treasure (1st class) and in 1934, he was awarded the Order of the Rising Sun (1st class). From 1934 to 1935 Hayashi was Army Minister, and again member of the Supreme War Council from 1935 until his retirement the next year. As Army Minister, Hayashi was a supporter of Major General Tetsuzan Nagata, who was Chief of Military Bureau and the leader of the Tōseiha faction within the Imperial Japanese Army. The Tōseiha scored a victory in July 1935 when General Jinzaburō Masaki, one of the leaders of the Kōdōha faction was removed as Inspector General of Military Training. But Nagata was assassinated the next month(the Aizawa Incident). The struggle between the Tōseiha and Kōdōha factions continued below the surface of the government; and the war in North China carried on apace until February 1936. Hayashi also promoted Fumimaro Konoye's doctrines, as a "right-winger" amongst the militarists, who approved of the "fiction" of democracy, and the Emperor's role with an "adviser group", against "left-winger" radical militarists, led by Kingoro Hashimoto, wanted a Military Shogunate. Hayashi served as Prime Minister of Japan for a brief four-month period in 1937. Later from 1940 to 1941, he was a Privy Councillor. Hayashi suffered from an intracranial hemorrhage in January 1943 and died at his home of 4 February without regaining consciousness. He was posthumously awarded the Order of the Golden Kite (4th class) and the Order of the Paulownia Flowers. His grave is at the Tama Reien Cemetery in Fuchū, Tokyo.[1] HonoursFrom the corresponding article in the Japanese Wikipedia
References1. ^[https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6136132] Find-a-Grave Website External links{{Commons|Senjuro Hayashi|Senjuro Hayashi}}
|-{{s-bef|before=Hachirō Arita}}{{s-ttl|title=Minister of Foreign Affairs|years=Feb 1937 – Mar 1937}}{{s-aft|after=Naotake Satō}} |-{{S-bef | before = Hachisaburō Hirao}}{{S-ttl | title = Minister of Education|years=Feb 1937 – Jun 1937}}{{S-aft | after = Eiji Yasui}} |-{{s-bef|before=Kōki Hirota}}{{s-ttl|title=Prime Minister of Japan|years=Feb 1937 – Jun 1937}}{{s-aft|after=Fumimaro Konoe}} |-{{s-mil}}{{succession box | before=Nobuyoshi Mutō | title=Inspector-General of Military Training | years=May 1932 – Jan 1934 | after=Jinsaburō Mazaki}}{{succession box | before=Jirō Minami | title=Commander, IJA Chōsen Army | years=Nov 1930 – May 1932| after=Yoshiyuki Kawashima}}{{succession box | before=Naotoshi Hasegawa | title=Commander, Imperial Guards | years=Aug 1929 – Dec 1930| after=Renichirō Okamoto}}{{succession box | before=Hanzō Kanaya | title=Commandant, Army Staff College | years=Mar 1927 – Aug 1928| after=Sadao Araki}}{{s-end}}{{Prime Ministers of Japan}}{{Japanese foreign ministers}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Hayashi, Senjuro}} 15 : 1876 births|1943 deaths|20th-century Prime Ministers of Japan|Prime Ministers of Japan|Japanese military personnel of the Russo-Japanese War|People from Kanazawa, Ishikawa|Japanese generals|Ministers of the Imperial Japanese Army|Government ministers of Japan|Foreign ministers of Japan|Imperial Rule Assistance Association politicians|20th-century Japanese politicians|Recipients of the Order of the Rising Sun|Recipients of the Order of the Sacred Treasure|Recipients of the Order of the Golden Kite |
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