词条 | Lifford Courthouse |
释义 |
HistoryThe introduction of this purpose-built courthouse gave the County Donegal Grand Jury a place to hold trials in the form of periodic criminal courts or assizes. Up until this point, when the Manor Courts were the most common institutions of local justice, any building of suitable size was used to hold court. Quite often, the most suitable building was a public house. On one noted occasion, the money from the fines collected over the course of a day in court was used to buy drinks for the jury. [2]Crime and punishmentTransportation was a common punishment in Lifford, with many sent by boat to colonies overseas. Crimes in the courthouse that warranted a sentence of transportation include "stealing 2 caps", "stealing a handkerchief and blankets" and "stealing 5 chickens and 2 hens".[3] Public hangings were also a common spectacle. One hanging in 1831 alone is reported as drawing a crowd of around 12 thousand men, women and children.[4] The gallows, at the front of the new gaol, were also the setting for the infamous 'half-hanging' of John 'Half-Hung' MacNaghten, in one of the earliest recorded public hangings at the courthouse in 1761.[5] It was not only murder that carried the sentence of death in Donegal at that time, but also 'killing and maiming cattle' and horse-stealing. The last public execution in Lifford is thought to have been in 1847. With the phasing out of transportation, prison sentences became a more common punishment in Ireland. Some prisoners were sentenced to an additional punishment of hard labour during their stay in Lifford. Just as in many other prisons throughout Ireland, this usually consisted of breaking stones which were then used to build and repair roads, or grinding up bones, which would then be used as fertilizer. Another more public punishment was whipping, sometimes performed in the town where the offense was originally committed.[6] Notable prisonersJohn 'Half Hanged' MacNaghten. James Napper Tandy, founding member of the Society of United Irishmen.[7]The crew of "La Hoche". the French frigate on which Wolfe Tone was captured.[8] Visitor centreReferences1. ^Patton, Billy. "The Court Will Rise". L.A.T.C.H, 2004, p12, p.90 2. ^"The Manor Courts." Exhibit at Lifford Old Courthouse. The Diamond, Lifford, Co.Donegal, Ireland, accessed 2013-04-18 3. ^Patton, Billy. "The Court Will Rise". L.A.T.C.H, 2004, p59 4. ^Patton, Billy. "The Court Will Rise". L.A.T.C.H, 2004, p41 5. ^Gordon Goodwin, ‘MacNaghten, John (1723/4–1761)’, rev. Thomas P. Power, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 6. ^Patton, Billy. "The Court Will Rise". L.A.T.C.H, 2004, p61 7. ^Patton, Billy; Mulreany, Anglea. "The Old Courthouse News". Issue 4, L.A.T.C.H, 2002 8. ^Patton, Billy; Mulreany, Anglea. "The Old Courthouse News". Issue 4, L.A.T.C.H, 2002 9. ^Lifford Courthouse (2013) "Lifford Old Courthouse Home" Lifford Old Courthouse. Retrieved 2013-04-26 External links
6 : National Monuments in County Donegal|Buildings and structures in County Donegal|Museums in County Donegal|Prison museums in the Republic of Ireland|Debtors' prisons|Lifford |
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