请输入您要查询的百科知识：

　

词条 List of Presidents of the Bharatiya Janata Party
释义

  1. List of party presidents

  2. See also

  3. References

  4. Sources

  5. External links

The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) is one of two major parties in the Indian political system, along with the Indian National Congress.[1] {{As of|2018}}, it is the country's largest political party in terms of representation in the national parliament and state assemblies. According to the party, in 2015 it had over 100 million members.[2][3] The BJP is a right-wing party, and its policy has historically reflected Hindu nationalist positions. It has close ideological and organisational ties to the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), a right-wing Hindu nationalist volunteer organisation.[4][5][6][7]

The BJP's origins lie in the Bharatiya Jana Sangh, formed in 1951 by Syama Prasad Mukherjee.{{sfn|Swain|2001|p=60}} In 1977, the Jana Sangh merged with several other parties to form the Janata Party, which dissolved three years later, after which the members of the erstwhile Jana Sangh reconvened to form the BJP. The party won only two seats in the 1984 Indian parliamentary election, but grew in strength on the back of the Ram Janmabhoomi movement, which was agitating to build a temple to the Hindu deity Rama at the site of the Babri mosque.[8] The National Democratic Alliance, led by the BJP, has held power in India on four occasions, including short-lived governments after elections in 1996 and 1998, a full five-year term between 1999 and 2003, and the current Indian government, which has held power since 2014.[6][9][10]

The President of the BJP is the highest authority within the party, and fills a number of roles, including chairing meetings of the National Executive of the party and appointing the presidents of party subsidiaries, such its youth wing and farmer's wing.{{sfn|Swain|2001|pp=71–77}} Any candidate for the presidency needs to have been a member of the party for at least 15 years.[11] The President is nominally elected by an electoral college composed of members drawn from the party's National and State councils, but in practice is a consensus choice of senior members of the party.{{sfn|Swain|2001|pp=71–77}} The term of the President is three years long, and individuals may not serve more than two consecutive terms.[11] The President usually does not also hold a post within a government, and party chiefs have resigned the position to assume posts in Cabinet.[12]

After the party's foundation in 1980, Atal Bihari Vajpayee became its first president. He later became the Prime Minister of India, the only BJP President to serve in that position to date. In 1986, Lal Krishna Advani was sworn in as the party president and has been the longest serving president over three different periods.[13][14] A total of ten people have served as the president of the BJP, including Rajnath Singh who has also served two terms. Amit Shah became the party president on 9 July 2014, and is incumbent as of June 2018.[15][16]

List of party presidents

Bharatiya Janata Party Presidents
S. No.TermNameNotesReferences
11980–1986Vajpayee|}} Atal Bihari Vajpayee Vajpayee became the first President of the BJP upon its formation in 1980. Under him the BJP projected itself as a centrist party that had moved away from the strident politics of the Bharatiya Jana Sangh. Vajpayee, often seen as the moderate face of the BJP, later became the first Prime Minister of India not from the Indian National Congress to serve a full term.[13]
[17]
[18]
{{sfn>Hansen|1999|pp=157–158}}
21986–1991Advani|}} L. K. Advani Advani succeeded Atal Bihari Vajpayee as President in 1986, an event usually associated with a shift in the BJP's ideology towards hardline Hindutva, exemplified by the Ram Rath Yatra led by Advani in 1990 as part of an effort to generate electoral support by appealing to Hindu nationalism. He had served as the President of the Bharatiya Jana Sangh in 1973.[13]
[17]
{{sfn>Guha|2007|pp=540–560}}
[24]
{{sfn|Hansen|1999|p=159}}
31991–1993Joshi|}} Murli Manohar Joshi BJP ideologue Joshi had been affiliated with the Rashtriya Svayamsevak Sangh nearly fifty years before he became BJP President in 1991. As with his predecessor L. K. Advani, he played a large role in the Ram Janmabhoomi agitation. He later served as a cabinet minister in the governments headed by Atal Bihari Vajpayee. During his Presidency, the BJP became the principal opposition party for the first time.[24]
[19]
[20]
[21]
(2)1993–1998Advani|}} L. K. Advani Advani had been a member of the RSS for fifty years when he took office for the second time. His aggressive campaigning helped the BJP became the largest party in the lower house of the Indian Parliament after elections in 1996. Though Atal Bihari Vajpayee became Prime Minister, Advani was seen as the power within the party, and later served as Deputy Prime Minister.[22]
[21]
41998–2000{{sort|Thakre|–}} Kushabhau Thakre Thakre had been associated with the RSS since 1942. He was not well known outside the BJP when he became the President in 1998, a few months after the BJP-led National Democratic Alliance government took office. During his tenure the BJP reduced its emphasis on Hindutva, such as its demand for abrogating Article 370 of the Indian constitution, to accommodate the views of a large coalition.Guha|2007|pp=540–560}}
[23]
[24]
[25]
52000–2001Krishnamurthi|}} Bangaru Laxman Laxman, an RSS member of long standing, became the first Dalit President of the BJP in 2000. A year later a sting operation by Tehelka magazine showed him accepting a bribe, after which Laxman resigned immediately. He remained on the party's National Executive until 2012, when he was convicted for corruption and resigned.[26]
[27]
62001–2002Krishnamurthi|}} Jana Krishnamurthi Krishnamurthi became acting President upon the resignation of Laxman, and was confirmed as President by the National Executive shortly afterwards. He resigned a year later when he became a minister in the central government under Atal Bihari Vajpayee as part of a cabinet reshuffle.[27]
[28]
[29]
[30]
72002–2004Naidu|}} Venkaiah Naidu Naidu was elected BJP President after Jana Krishnamurthi was drafted into the Cabinet. His election was seen by commentators as an example of L. K. Advani and the orthodox Hindu-nationalist wing of the party re-asserting control. Though elected to a full term, Naidu resigned after the NDA lost the 2004 Indian general election to the United Progressive Alliance led by the Indian National Congress.[31]
[30]
(2)2004–2005Advani|}} L. K. Advani Advani, then serving as the leader of the opposition in the Lok Sabha, became BJP President for the third time after Venkaiah Naidu resigned after the 2004 Indian general election. Advani continued to hold his position as leader of the opposition. Advani resigned as President in 2005, after his description of Muhammad Ali Jinnah as a secular leader caused controversy.[22]
[31]
[32]
[33]
[34]
82005–2009Singh|}} Rajnath Singh Singh took office as BJP President in December 2005 for the remainder of Advani's term. He was reappointed for a full term in 2006. Singh had held many positions for the RSS and the BJP, including serving as the Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh and the President of the BJP's youth wing. He advocated a return to a Hindutva platform. Singh resigned after the NDA lost the 2009 Indian general election[22]
[34]
[35]
[36]
[37]
92009–2013Gadkari|}} Nitin Gadkari Gadkari became the youngest President of the BJP in 2009. A longtime RSS member, he had served as a minister in a coalition government in Maharashtra and as President of the BJP youth wing. He had strong support from the RSS leadership. Gadkari resigned in 2013 after a scandal related to his time as a minister and other allegations of financial impropriety.[22]
[37]
[38]
(8)2013–2014Singh|}} Rajnath Singh Singh was elected President for his second term after Gadkari stepped down in 2013. Singh played a large role in the BJP's campaign for the 2014 Indian general election, including declaring Narendra Modi the party's Prime Ministerial candidate despite opposition from within the BJP. After the party's landslide victory, Singh resigned the party presidency to assume the position of Home Minister.[22]
[37]
[39]
102014–presentShah|}} Amit Shah Shah, a close confidant of Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, became BJP President for the remainder of Rajnath Singh's term after the latter joined Modi's cabinet. Commentators described Shah's appointment as demonstrating Modi's control over the BJP. Shah was re-elected for a full three-year term in 2016.[15]
[12]
[40]

See also

  • List of Sarsanghchalaks of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh
  • List of Presidents of the Indian National Congress

References

1. ^{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/-In-Numbers-The-Rise-of-BJP-and-decline-of-Congress/articleshow/52341190.cms|title=In Numbers: The Rise of BJP and decline of Congress|work=The Times of India|date=19 May 2016|accessdate=29 June 2017|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171105170102/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/-In-Numbers-The-Rise-of-BJP-and-decline-of-Congress/articleshow/52341190.cms|archivedate=5 November 2017|df=dmy-all}}
2. ^{{cite news |last = Chatterjee |first = Mohua |url = http://www.firstpost.com/politics/bjp-enrolls-11-crore-members-launches-mahasampark-abhiyan-2339462.html |title = BJP enrolls 11 crore members, launches 'Mahasampark Abhiyan' |newspaper = Firstpost |date = 13 July 2015 |deadurl = no |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20150924144320/http://www.firstpost.com/politics/bjp-enrolls-11-crore-members-launches-mahasampark-abhiyan-2339462.html |archivedate = 24 September 2015 |df = }}
3. ^{{citation |title=BJP becomes largest political party in the world |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/BJP-becomes-largest-political-party-in-the-world/articleshow/46739025.cms |work=The Times of India |date=30 March 2015 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161206122859/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/BJP-becomes-largest-political-party-in-the-world/articleshow/46739025.cms |archivedate=6 December 2016 |df=dmy-all }}
4. ^{{cite book|last=Horowitz|first=Donald L.|title=The Deadly Ethnic Riot|year=2001|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0520224476|page=244}}
5. ^{{cite book|first=Jeff|last=Haynes|title=Democracy and Political Change in the Third World|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YdWAAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA168|year=2003|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-134-54184-3|pages=168-170}}
6. ^1 {{cite book|last1 = Sen |first1 = Amartya |title = India and the world. |date = 2005 |publisher = 2005. |location = Allen Lane |ISBN = 978-0-7139-9687-6 |edition = 1. publ.|pp=250-260}}
7. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/jharkhand-bjp-rss-want-right-wing-ideologues-to-head-educational-institutions/story-j5O4mLK72teFSp3Cp0M7wN.html|title=Jharkhand: BJP, RSS want like-minded people to head educational institutions|last=Murty|first=B Vijay|work=Hindustan Times|date=16 September 2017|accessdate=13 June 2018|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171120173747/http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/jharkhand-bjp-rss-want-right-wing-ideologues-to-head-educational-institutions/story-j5O4mLK72teFSp3Cp0M7wN.html|archivedate=20 November 2017|df=}}
8. ^{{cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/research/bhartiya-janata-party-narendra-modi-bjp-bjps-37th-foundation-day-brief-history-of-the-achievements-and-failures-of-the-party-4601637/|title=BJP’s 37th foundation day: Brief history of the achievements and failures of the party|work=The Indian Express|date=6 April 2017|accessdate=13 June 2018|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180613111700/http://indianexpress.com/article/research/bhartiya-janata-party-narendra-modi-bjp-bjps-37th-foundation-day-brief-history-of-the-achievements-and-failures-of-the-party-4601637/|archivedate=13 June 2018|df=}}
9. ^{{cite journal |last1 = Naqvi |first1 = Saba |last2 = Raman |first2 = Anuradha |work = Outlook |title = Their Dark Glasses |date = 1 April 2013 |accessdate = 30 June 2018 |url = http://www.outlookindia.com/article/their-dark-glasses/284546 |deadurl = no |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20151221141359/http://www.outlookindia.com/article/their-dark-glasses/284546 |archivedate = 21 December 2015 |df = }}
10. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-india-27572807|accessdate=30 June 2018|title=Narendra Modi sworn in as Indian prime minister|date=26 May 2014|work=BBC|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702163012/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-india-27572807|archivedate=2 July 2018|df=}}
11. ^1 {{cite web |title=Bharatiya Janata Party Constitution |url=http://www.bjp.org/images/pdf_2012_h/constitution_eng_jan_10_2013.pdf |website=BJP official website |publisher=Bharatiya Janata Party |accessdate=30 June 2018 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171118173055/http://www.bjp.org/images/pdf_2012_h/constitution_eng_jan_10_2013.pdf |archivedate=18 November 2017 |df= }}
12. ^1 {{cite news |last1=Rawat |first1=Sanjay |title='Murder Accused' Amit Shah Appointed BJP President |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/newswire/story/murder-accused-amit-shah-appointed-bjp-president/848862 |accessdate=2 July 2018 |work=Outlook |date=9 July 2014 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702150814/https://www.outlookindia.com/newswire/story/murder-accused-amit-shah-appointed-bjp-president/848862 |archivedate=2 July 2018 |df= }}
13. ^1 2 {{cite news|url=https://www.livemint.com/Politics/6OXdDGL7fso1o6WVihmGQJ/BJP-Foundation-Day-How-the-party-has-grown-since-1980.html|title=BJP Foundation Day: How the party has grown since 1980|last=Varma|first=Gyan|work=Mint|date=7 April 2017|accessdate=13 June 2018|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180613111800/https://www.livemint.com/Politics/6OXdDGL7fso1o6WVihmGQJ/BJP-Foundation-Day-How-the-party-has-grown-since-1980.html|archivedate=13 June 2018|df=}}
14. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/gk-current-affairs/story/lk-advani-350766-2016-11-08|title=Happy Birthday L K Advani: Facts about the longest serving BJP president|work=India Today|date=8 November 2016|accessdate=13 June 2018|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180613160530/https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/gk-current-affairs/story/lk-advani-350766-2016-11-08|archivedate=13 June 2018|df=}}
15. ^1 {{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Amit-Shah-Modis-close-aide-takes-charge-as-BJP-president/articleshow/38068666.cms|title=Amit Shah, Modi's close aide, takes charge as BJP president|work=The Times of India|date=9 July 2014|accessdate=13 June 2018|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140713003209/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Amit-Shah-Modis-close-aide-takes-charge-as-BJP-president/articleshow/38068666.cms|archivedate=13 July 2014|df=}}
16. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/nothing-personal-against-rahul-gandhi-amit-shah/article24133895.ece|title=Nothing personal against Rahul Gandhi: Amit Shah|last=Dahat|first=Pavan|work=The Hindu|date=11 June 2018|accessdate=13 June 2018|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180614161502/http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/nothing-personal-against-rahul-gandhi-amit-shah/article24133895.ece|archivedate=14 June 2018|df=}}
17. ^1 {{cite journal |last1=Chatterjee |first1=Manini |title=The BJP: Political Mobilization for Hindutva |journal=South Asia Bulletin |date=1994 |volume=14 |issue=1}}
18. ^{{cite news |title=Nation’s highest civilian honour for Atal Bihari Vajpayee |url=https://www.livemint.com/Politics/PEPkJFc48HrRTVpnXKydVO/Nations-highest-civilian-honour-for-Atal-Bihari-Vajpayee.html |accessdate=30 June 2018 |work=Mint |date=25 December 2014 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180630161920/https://www.livemint.com/Politics/PEPkJFc48HrRTVpnXKydVO/Nations-highest-civilian-honour-for-Atal-Bihari-Vajpayee.html |archivedate=30 June 2018 |df= }}
19. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.frontline.in/static/html/fl1523/15230040.htm|title=Taking Hindutva to school|last=Muralidharan|first=Sukumar|work=Frontline|date=7 November 1998|accessdate=13 June 2018|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140616063041/http://www.frontline.in/static/html/fl1523/15230040.htm|archivedate=16 June 2014|df=}}
20. ^{{cite news |title=Presidential Election: Murli Manohar Joshi, Sushma Swaraj Among Probables |url=https://www.news18.com/news/india/presidential-election-murli-manohar-joshi-sushma-swaraj-among-probables-1353432.html |accessdate=30 June 2018 |work=News 18 |date=26 February 2017 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180630214205/https://www.news18.com/news/india/presidential-election-murli-manohar-joshi-sushma-swaraj-among-probables-1353432.html |archivedate=30 June 2018 |df= }}
21. ^1 {{cite news |last=Datta |first=Prabhash K. |title=25 years after Babri demolition: Will Modi choose Advani as President? |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/narendra-modi-bjp-president-of-india-advani-amitabh-bachchan-najma-heptullah-murli-manohar-joshi-966867-2017-03-21 |accessdate=1 July 2018 |work=India Today |date=21 March 2017 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180701140309/https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/narendra-modi-bjp-president-of-india-advani-amitabh-bachchan-najma-heptullah-murli-manohar-joshi-966867-2017-03-21 |archivedate=1 July 2018 |df= }}
22. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite news|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/photo/bjp-presidents-from-1980-to-2013-369096-2013-01-23|title=BJP Presidents from 1980 to 2013|work=India Today|accessdate=17 July 2014|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180614161502/https://www.indiatoday.in/india/photo/bjp-presidents-from-1980-to-2013-369096-2013-01-23|archivedate=14 June 2018|df=}}
23. ^{{cite news |last1=Bhaumik |first1=Saba Naqvi |title=Veteran leader Kushabhau Thakre emerges as front-runner for BJP president post |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/nation/story/19971020-veteran-leader-kushabhau-thakre-emerges-as-front-runner-for-bjp-president-post-830770-1997-10-27 |accessdate=1 July 2018 |work=India Today |date=27 October 1997 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180701165045/https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/nation/story/19971020-veteran-leader-kushabhau-thakre-emerges-as-front-runner-for-bjp-president-post-830770-1997-10-27 |archivedate=1 July 2018 |df= }}
24. ^{{cite news |title=Kushabhau Thakre passes away |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Kushabhau-Thakre-passes-away/articleshow/387224.cms |accessdate=1 July 2018 |work=The Times of India |date=28 December 2003 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180715040619/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Kushabhau-Thakre-passes-away/articleshow/387224.cms |archivedate=15 July 2018 |df= }}
25. ^{{cite news|title=Kushabhau Thakre Passes Away|url=https://www.financialexpress.com/archive/kushabhau-thakre-passes-away/93520/|accessdate=1 July 2018|work=The Financial Express|date=28 December 2003|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180701164959/https://www.financialexpress.com/archive/kushabhau-thakre-passes-away/93520/|archivedate=1 July 2018|df=}}
26. ^{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Bangaru-Laxman-ex-BJP-president-dies-in-Hyderabad/articleshow/31221884.cms|title=Bangaru Laxman, ex-BJP president, dies in Hyderabad|work=The Times of India|date=1 March 2014|accessdate=13 June 2018|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140305033931/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Bangaru-Laxman-ex-BJP-president-dies-in-Hyderabad/articleshow/31221884.cms|archivedate=5 March 2014|df=}}
27. ^1 {{cite news|last=Vyas|first=Nina|title=Jana Krishnamurthy acting BJP chief|url=https://www.thehindu.com/2001/03/15/stories/01150005.htm|accessdate=1 July 2018|work=The Hindu|date=14 March 2001|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180715040619/https://www.thehindu.com/2001/03/15/stories/01150005.htm|archivedate=15 July 2018|df=}}
28. ^{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Ex-BJP-president-Jana-Krishnamurthy-cremated-in-Chennai/articleshow/2403979.cms|title=Ex-BJP president Jana Krishnamurthy cremated in Chennai|work=The Times of India|date=26 September 2007|accessdate=13 June 2018|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180614161503/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Ex-BJP-president-Jana-Krishnamurthy-cremated-in-Chennai/articleshow/2403979.cms|archivedate=14 June 2018|df=}}
29. ^{{cite news |title=Jana Krishnamurthi ratified BJP chief |url=https://www.thehindu.com/2001/03/25/stories/01250002.htm |accessdate=1 July 2018 |work=The Hindu |date=24 March 2001 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180715040619/https://www.thehindu.com/2001/03/25/stories/01250002.htm |archivedate=15 July 2018 |df= }}
30. ^1 {{cite news |last1=Ramaseshan |first1=Radhika |title=A-Team Powers Back |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/1020630/front_pa.htm |accessdate=1 July 2018 |work=The Telegraph |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702011052/https://www.telegraphindia.com/1020630/front_pa.htm |archivedate=2 July 2018 |df= }}
31. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.rediff.com/news/report/naidus-journey-from-pasting-party-posters-to-vice-president/20170805.htm|title=Naidu's journey from pasting party posters to being Vice President|publisher=Rediff.com|date=5 August 2017|accessdate=13 June 2018|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171014223344/http://www.rediff.com/news/report/naidus-journey-from-pasting-party-posters-to-vice-president/20170805.htm|archivedate=14 October 2017|df=}}
32. ^{{cite web |title=Advani replaces Venkaiah Naidu as BJP chief |url=http://www.rediff.com/election/2004/oct/18bjp1.htm |accessdate=2 July 2018 |publisher=Rediff.com |date=18 October 2018 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160804212753/http://www.rediff.com/election/2004/oct/18bjp1.htm |archivedate=4 August 2016 |df= }}
33. ^{{cite news |title=No regrets over Jinnah statement: Advani |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/No-regrets-over-Jinnah-statement-Advani/articleshow/1361730.cms |accessdate=2 July 2018 |work=The Times of India |date=6 January 2006 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170212194803/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/No-regrets-over-Jinnah-statement-Advani/articleshow/1361730.cms |archivedate=12 February 2017 |df= }}
34. ^1 {{cite news |last=Vyas |first=Neena |title=Advani resigns as BJP president |url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/advani-resigns-as-bjp-president/article3233731.ece?source=ppc&gclid=CjwKCAjwmufZBRBJEiwAPJ3Lpjck3zGpgx-rzw1v6u26oVgrtkOxZQvpJlI7IBz73s3DxSMzt73RhRoCbskQAvD_BwE |accessdate=2 July 2018 |work=The Hindu |date=1 January 2006 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180715040619/https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/advani-resigns-as-bjp-president/article3233731.ece?source=ppc&gclid=CjwKCAjwmufZBRBJEiwAPJ3Lpjck3zGpgx-rzw1v6u26oVgrtkOxZQvpJlI7IBz73s3DxSMzt73RhRoCbskQAvD_BwE |archivedate=15 July 2018 |df= }}
35. ^{{cite news |last=Ghatak |first=Lopamudra |title=It's basic instinct for Rajnath Singh |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Its-basic-instinct-for-Rajnath-Singh/articleshow/911268.cms?referral=PM |accessdate=2 July 2018 |work=The Times of India |date=23 December 2006 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180715040619/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Its-basic-instinct-for-Rajnath-Singh/articleshow/911268.cms?referral=PM |archivedate=15 July 2018 |df= }}
36. ^{{cite news |title=Who is Rajnath Singh? |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/who-is-rajnath-singh-152326-2013-01-23 |accessdate=2 July 2018 |work=India Today |date=23 January 2013 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702122243/https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/who-is-rajnath-singh-152326-2013-01-23 |archivedate=2 July 2018 |df= }}
37. ^1 2 {{cite news |title=Rajnath Singh elected BJP president, vows to bring back party to power |url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/politics/national/rajnath-singh-bjp-president-vows-to-bring-back-party-to-power-7938.html |accessdate=2 July 2018 |publisher=India TV |date=23 January 2013 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702122249/https://www.indiatvnews.com/politics/national/rajnath-singh-bjp-president-vows-to-bring-back-party-to-power-7938.html |archivedate=2 July 2018 |df= }}
38. ^{{cite news |title=Nitin Gadkari: From swayamsevak to BJP chief |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/Nitin-Gadkari-From-swayamsevak-to-BJP-chief/article16854166.ece |accessdate=2 July 2018 |work=The Hindu |date=19 December 2009 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180715040619/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/Nitin-Gadkari-From-swayamsevak-to-BJP-chief/article16854166.ece |archivedate=15 July 2018 |df= }}
39. ^{{cite news |title=Rajnath Singh – from 'Physics lecturer' to 'Union Home Minister' |url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/politics/national/rajnath-singh-home-minister-of-india-bjp-modi-government-latest-18798.html |accessdate=2 July 2018 |publisher=India TV |date=10 September 2014 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702150650/https://www.indiatvnews.com/politics/national/rajnath-singh-home-minister-of-india-bjp-modi-government-latest-18798.html |archivedate=2 July 2018 |df= }}
40. ^{{cite news |last1=Hebbar |first1=Nistula |title=Amit Shah re-elected BJP president |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/Amit-Shah-re-elected-BJP-president/article14017742.ece |accessdate=2 July 2018 |work=The Hindu |date=24 January 2016 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180715040619/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/Amit-Shah-re-elected-BJP-president/article14017742.ece |archivedate=15 July 2018 |df= }}

Sources

  • {{cite book |ref = harv |last1 = Guha |first1 = Ramachandra |authorlink = Ramachandra Guha |title = India after Gandhi: the history of the world's largest democracy |date = 2007 |publisher = Picador |isbn = 978-0-330-39610-3 |edition = 1st}}
  • {{cite book|ref = harv| first= Thomas Blom| last = Hansen|title=The Saffron Wave: Democracy and Hindu Nationalism in Modern India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SAqn3OIGE54C&pg=PP1|date=23 March 1999|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-1-4008-2305-5}}
  • {{cite book |ref = harv| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=7Gk1Wz4k_xUC|title=Bharatiya Janata Party: Profile and Performance|last = Swain |first = Pratap Chandra|date = 2001 |publisher=APH Publishing |isbn = 978-8176482578 }}

External links

{{commonscat|Presidents of the Bharatiya Janata Party}}
  • Official website
{{Bharatiya Janata Party}}{{featured list}}

3 : Presidents of Bharatiya Janata Party|Indian political party presidents|1980 establishments in India
随便看

　

开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。

　

Copyright © 2023 OENC.NET All Rights Reserved
京ICP备2021023879号 更新时间：2024/11/16 14:02:05