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词条 Shinola (retail company)
释义

  1. History

  2. Criticism

     Quartz movements  Made in America marketing   Gentrification controversy  

  3. Products

     Watches  Bicycles  Journals  Leather  Shinola Pet 

  4. Retail locations

  5. Community involvement

  6. Notable customers

  7. See also

  8. Notes

  9. References

  10. External links

{{Infobox company
| name = Shinola
| native_name_lang = en
| former_name =
| logo = File:Shinola logo.png
| logo_size =
| logo_alt =
| logo_caption =
| logo_padding =
| image =
| image_size =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| type = Private
| founded = {{start date and age|2011|6}}
Detroit, Michigan, U.S.
| founder = Tom Kartsotis
| hq_location = Cass Corridor
| hq_location_city = Detroit, Michigan
| hq_location_country = U.S.
| num_employees = 400
| key_people = Tom Kartsotis, Steve Bock
| industry = Lifestyle brand
| products =
| brands =
| services =
| owner =
| website = {{URL|www.shinola.com}}
}}Shinola is an American luxury goods brand based in Detroit. It produces watches, bicycles, and leather goods, among other products. Founded in 2011, Shinola takes its name from the defunct Shinola shoe polish company. The company was founded by Tom Kartsotis and is owned and operated by Texas-based investment group Bedrock Brands.[1][2]

History

{{see also|Shinola (shoe polish)}}

The original Shinola shoe polish brand was founded in Rochester, New York in 1877,[3] and went out of business in 1960.[4] The modern company was founded in 2011 by Tom Kartsotis under his investment company, Bedrock Manufacturing (now Bedrock Brands).[2][5] Kartsotis, previously a founder of Fossil Group, wanted to create a high end American watch manufacturing brand to rival Swiss watchmakers at a lower price point.[7] Bedrock decided to acquire the Shinola brand after an associate used the World War I-era expression "You don't know shit from Shinola" as a rejoinder to Kartsotis' stated ambitions for the company. Unexpectedly, the joke generated a serious discussion about restoring the Shinola brand.[6][7] Market surveys established that consumers, when faced with a choice of paying $5 for a pen from China, $10 for one made in the United States, and $15 for a pen made in Detroit, would be willing to pay a premium for the last one.[6]

Today, every Shinola product is technically assembled in the United States.[6][8][9] However, many parts used in Shinola watches are manufactured in China and Thailand. These factories are owned by companies based in Switzerland.[6][15][16] At the time of the company's founding in 2011, no American watchmaker had produced watches at scale since the late 1960s, with U.S.-based watchmaking relegated to select specialty companies such as RGM in Lancaster, Pennsylvania.[10][18] Shinola's current tagline is "Where American is Made",{{efn-ua|Written by Griffin Creech of the Partners & Spade advertising agency.[11]}} and the company has actively utilized Detroit's reputation as a worldwide manufacturing hub in its marketing of the brand.[5]

The company's headquarters and watch factory are housed within the College for Creative Studies (CCS) on the fifth floor of the Alfred A. Taubman Building in Detroit, a former automotive research lab.[12] Shinola's occupation of the CCS space at first occurred by accident when Bedrock officials, seeking a manufacturing site after resolving to rebuild Shinola, visited the College and the elevator unexpectedly opened on the fifth floor, which was vacant at the time. They decided to transform the 30,000 square feet of vacant space into their watch factory and company headquarters.[6][8] To build out the watch factory, the company partnered with Ronda, which also brought in expert watchmaking veterans to train Shinola's watch assemblers, all of whom had no prior experience in watchmaking. Currently, the factory has the capacity to finish the assembly of 500,000 watches a year.[13]

Most of the workers assembling watches are local Detroiters, and many of them come from the auto business.[14] Since the company's founding in 2011, it has grown to over 400 people.[15]

Criticism

Quartz movements

Shinola has faced criticism for producing mostly quartz watches instead of mechanical or automatic self-winding movements found in nearly all higher-end luxury watches, which require substantially more skill to produce.[16] In November 2017, the company unveiled its first mechanical watch, called the Lake Erie Monster, in response to public demand, crediting the delay to the time it took their Swiss suppliers to develop one.[17]

Made in America marketing

Detroit-based journalist Jon Moy has suggested that the choice of Detroit as the location of Shinola's factory was a calculated act of "opportunistic marketing" intended to yield feelings of nostalgia on a purchaser's part.[18] He wrote about Shinola: "Shinola is using my city as its shill, pushing a manufactured, outdated and unrealistic ideal of America."[18] On the other hand, many commentators to this article consider this criticism unfair, given that the company has created American manufacturing jobs.[18] Moreover, the company has invested intensely in its employees, flying in watchmakers from Switzerland to train its employees.[19]

Alex Williams in the New York Times criticized Shinola's use of "Detroit" as a marketing tool. He notes in his article that none of the top executives at the company are from Detroit. In fact, Kartsotis hails from Dallas. In an interview with him, Williams found that the goal of the company was not to be just another watch company, but a "job-creating vehicle" and because of Detroit's association with manufacturing. His job argument is a driving argument in support of the company. In an interview with the New York Times, Carlos Quirarte, the cultural director, even states, "How would you want to hate on a company that is doing so awesome, creating jobs in America, where we really need it?” Kartsotis also claims that the marketing of a product is important because customers in the market today want to know where their products are coming from.

This marketing technique and Kartsotis's background have brought much criticism to the company. In 2014, men's style site compared Shinola to a "trust fund kid that decided one day he wanted to start a company and had his dad buy him all the cool stuff." And in 2013, the New York Times, in a review of their new store in Tribeca, described Kartsotis as a "mid-price watch mogul looking to go luxury under the cover of charitable business practices". [20]

Additional criticism is noted by Professor Rebekah Modrak in her article "Bougie Crap", for Infinite Mile Detroit. She writes:[21]

{{Quote|Texas-based Bedrock Manufacturing notoriously attached their Shinola venture to Detroit after test studies showed that consumers would pay three times as much for a product associated with the tenacity of a bankrupt city.[22] What do you call the adoption of one culture by a second group whose only culture is profit? "Cultural appropriation" sounds too innocent and even potentially transformative (like a cool mash-up) and doesn't convey the imperialism at play. A better description is consumer culture scholar Jeff Pooley's "the colonization of the apparently earnest."[23] ...participants in the CCS/Shinola union enact the racial and class divide at play in the gentrification of a Detroit that's "rising from the ashes" but also pre-existed within the Fordist automotive industry.}}

In June 2016, the Federal Trade Commission ordered the company to stop using "Where American is Made" as a slogan because "100% of the cost of materials used to make certain watches is attributable to imported materials."[24] Today, some Ronda movements are labeled "Swiss Parts", meaning that most of the parts are made in Switzerland but assembled overseas. Such movements are nickel plated. Ronda movements assembled in Switzerland are gold plated and labeled "Swiss Made." Shinola movements are made of the same parts as the "Swiss Made" movements, but assembled in Detroit; they are gold plated. The dials, hands, cases, crystals, and buckles are manufactured overseas, as are such components of many "Swiss Made" brands, and Shinola claims the cases are made in the same facilities as many luxury "Swiss Made" watch cases are manufactured. The Ronda movements can be purchased by watch repair shops for $23 retail; however, it has been pointed out that Swiss Made ETA movements (used in many "Swiss Made" luxury watches) can also be purchased in bulk for around $20.{{fact|date=December 2018}} Furthermore, while the standards for labeling a watch "American Made" is that nearly 100% of the parts must be physically fabricated in the US, the legal standard in Switzerland for "Swiss Made" is that no more than 40% of the "value" of the watch can be fabricated overseas. Since the cost of fabricating watch parts overseas that eventually end up in "Swiss Made" watches is much lower than fabricating them in Switzerland, its unclear if the "40% of the value" limitation is particularly meaningful.

Gentrification controversy

Some have criticized Shinola for its role in gentrification in Detroit and alleged exploitation of the city. A New York Times article about the brand begins with Tom Kartsotis recalling the dire state of the Cass Corridor neighborhood, and his disbelief that a luxury store could succeed in the area. He even recalls himself asking, "You want to put a store here? You kidding me?"[25] And while the neighborhood has certainly undergone a transformation, it still has a long way to go before it can be comparable to any high class boutique corridor in New York. Some hail the addition of Shinola in the area as economic growth and increased safety, but others argue has changed the cultural fabric of the area. Professor Rebekah Modrak, who created the term “bougie crap” to describe the company, asserted that Shinola “uses the design aesthetic of “calculated authenticity” and elements of hand-craft or personalization to suggest that the product is motivated by these values and not by crass economic gain.”[26] Others, like author of the article “On Shinola, Detroit's Misguided White Knight,” have accused Shinola of disguising their furthering of gentrification in the city with claims of city pride. Jon Moy charges “Shinola and other entrepreneurs market themselves as white knights, swooping in to save the noble savages.”[27] Despite all these criticisms, however, Kartsotis claims he is not in the business to make a profit, but rather to stimulate the local economy by paying workers, on average, $3 above minimum wage. [28]

A Metro Times article commented that Shinola had “seized scrappy Detroit’s comeback story,”[29] which some have called capitalizing on Detroit’s poverty. CEO Steve Bock has responded that the company is “not a charity.”[30] Others take issue with Shinola’s marketing, specifically their promotional video “Shinola | A Snapshot of Life in Detroit.”[31] Moy referenced alleged exploitation of Black culture, and that using “photos of adorable black kids with a beautiful, benevolent white woman seem to be the centerpiece of Weber's campaign for the company,”[32] arguing that their marketing enforces their “white savior” image. This concept is not new to the city, however, with businessmen like Dan Gilbert also coming into the city with the intent to "revitalize" the once great city, but also receiving criticism from the residents of Detroit that argue the city was great without them. This revitalization, while great for the local economy, also raises rents in the city and pushes out life-long residents and creates a barrier for those who have been in the city forever from keeping their businesses. This displacement that is taking place throughout much of the downtown area, and is quickly spreading to the outer parts of the city, call for the argument of gentrification to be made.

Products

Watches

Shinola's first watch was released in March 2013. Produced in an edition of 2,500 and available in two sizes, The Runwell Limited Edition 47mm sold out in one week, with the last 40mm watch selling out in under two weeks. The watches sold for $550, and approximately 35% of the sales came from Michigan.[33]

In October 2013, Shinola released their second limited edition watch, The Wright Brothers Limited Edition watch, the first watch in the Great Americans Series, which was released in conjunction with a limited edition bicycle.{{efn-ua|"Some of the nice extras with the 11-speed Wright Brothers Limited Edition include an aluminum bell, a Shinola chainguard, a stainless water bottle cage, a Kleen Kanteen stainless bottle and a Torpedo headlamp." Bamboo fenders are included.[34]}} The watch was produced in two sizes, 40mm and 46mm, with each size available in a limited edition of 500. Purchase included a leather-bound coffee table book about the Wright Brothers, as well as enrollment in The Foundry, the brand's collectors club.[35]

In September 2014, Shinola released The Lattice, a limited edition wristwatch created in partnership with Oscar de La Renta. The 36mm women’s watch was manufactured in Detroit in a limited edition of 250. Purchase included a hardcover book created exclusively for the project which complements the timepiece by offering an in-depth look at Oscar de la Renta and his work.[36]

In 2014, Shinola released The Black Blizzard titanium wristwatch in 48mm and 42mm as well as the next Signature Series limited editions watch, The Henry Ford Pocket Watch.

The company also produces a number of different watch styles on a non-limited edition basis, including The Birdy, The Gomelsky, The Runwell Chronograph, The Runwell Sport, The Runwell Sport Chrono and The Brakeman.[37][38][39][40]

Bicycles

Shinola bicycles include three models: the single-speed Detroit Arrow, the three-speed Bixby, and The Runwell with an 11-speed internally geared hub. All three bikes were designed by Sky Yaeger, formerly of Swobo, Spot, and Bianchi.{{efn-ua|The Bixby bears the name of a shoe polish produced by the original Shinola.[41]}} The chromoly steel frames and forks are made by Richard Schwinn's Waterford Precision Cycles in Waterford, Wisconsin, with complete assembly taking place at Shinola's flagship retail store at 441 W. Canfield Street in Detroit.[42][43]

In addition to The Bixby and The Runwell, Shinola produced two limited edition bicycles, including the Wright Brothers Limited Edition Bicycle and The Shinola Runwell Di2 Limited Edition, as well as a one-off Twinn Tandem bicycle and brass-plated Runwell bicycle.{{efn-ua|Built at Waterford Precision Cycles in Wisconsin and brass-plated in Detroit.[44]}}[35][45][46]

Journals

Shinola makes journals in partnership with Edwards Brothers Malloy, an Ann Arbor, MI-based company.[47][48] The journals come with paper, soft linen or hard linen covers, with a price point of $12-$20 for a linen covered journal.[49]

Leather

Shinola's leather goods and leather watch straps are made using leather predominantly supplied by the Chicago-based tannery, Horween Leather, which has been in operation since 1905. The tanning of the leather takes months, using a process that showcases the natural characteristics of the leather.[50] Shinola leather watch straps were once made by Hadley-Roma in Key Largo, Florida, but are now produced at their factory in Detroit. A partial list of Shinola leather goods includes iPad and iPhone cases, wallets, portfolios, backpacks, and more.[51][52]

Shinola also recently opened its own leather factory in Detroit, and has begun manufacturing leather watch straps under the leadership of Braloba, a Swiss-based, family-owned company run by Thomas Schori. The leather factory is equipped with custom-designed machines produced by Galli S.P.A. The company will also begin producing small leather goods and accessories in-house.[53]

Shinola also sells watch straps individually; leather straps come from Hadley Roma in Largo, Florida and Horween Leather in Chicago, and rubber watch straps made in partnership with Stern Manufacturing of Staples, Minnesota.[54] The company also revived production of shoe polish in 2013, albeit in a different formulation and tin can packaging.[55][56]

Shinola Pet

Shinola Pet is a collection of American-made dog beds, toys, leashes and collars, produced in collaboration with superstar photographer Bruce Weber.[57] Shinola Pet supports the Michigan Humane Society and the Best Friends Animal Society in their mission to raise awareness about rescue organizations and to save pets by finding them homes. A portion of the pets toys are produced in partnership with Empowerment Plan, a Detroit-based charity organization that employs local women who are living in shelters, training them to manufacture sleeping bag coats for the homeless.[58]

Retail locations

In addition to the Shinola website, Shinola products are available for sale at flagship stores in Detroit, New York, London, Toronto, Highland Park, Plano, Minneapolis, Chicago, Boston, Los Angeles and Washington, D.C.[59]—each located in affluent shopping districts, and built out at a combined cost well in excess of $100 million—as well as upscale retailers across America and the world. In 2015, an additional store opened in Ann Arbor, Michigan. A Willys Detroit, a sister store to Shinola, is a home for distinctive American brands.[60]

In 2015, Third Man Records partnered with Shinola to open a retail location of its music label in Detroit.[61] Additionally, Shinola has expanded its offerings to include speakers, turntables, and headphones of "audiophile quality."[61]

Community involvement

In 2014, Shinola gifted the city of Detroit with four city street clocks, installed at Cobo Center, Eastern Market, at the corner of Milwaukee and Cass (in front of the College for Creative Studies), and at the corner of Cass and Canfield,[62] and where Shinola also opened an off-leash dog park in partnership with Midtown Detroit, Inc. in 2014.[63]

Notable customers

Former President Bill Clinton bought 14 Shinola watches, calling the company an American success story.[64][65] Other politicians have promoted the product, including former Michigan Governor Rick Snyder and former President Barack Obama.[65][66] On April 22, 2016, President Obama presented United Kingdom Prime Minister David Cameron with a custom Shinola men's watch featuring the seal of the President of the United States engraved on the back, presented in a wooden Shinola box customized with the Presidential seal.[67]

See also

  • History of watches
  • Hamilton Watch Company
  • Illinois Watch Company
  • Elgin National Watch Company

Notes

1. ^Stacy Perman, [https://www.inc.com/magazine/201604/stacy-perman/shinola-watch-history-manufacturing-heritage-brand.html The Real History of America's Most Authentic Fake Brand]", Inc. magazine, p. 106, April 2016.
2. ^1 {{cite news|last=Caramanica|first=Jon|date=August 21, 2013|title=The Next Branding of Detroit.|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/22/fashion/the-next-branding-of-detroit.html?_r=0|newspaper=The New York Times|accessdate=September 21, 2018}}
3. ^{{Cite book|title = Book of Industrial Rochester|last = |first = |publisher = Rochester Chamber of Commerce|year = 1919|isbn = |location = Rochester, NY|pages = 89|url = http://www.libraryweb.org/~digitized/books/Book_of_Industrial_Rochester.pdf}}
4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.adweek.com/news/advertising-branding/how-shinola-went-shoe-polish-coolest-brand-america-165459 |title=How Shinola Went From Shoe Polish to the Coolest Brand in America Nobody's confusing shit with Shinola anymore |first1=Robert |last1=Klara |newspaper=AdWeek |date=June 22, 2015 |accessdate=July 16, 2015}}
5. ^1 {{cite news |title=The luxury-goods company Shinola is capitalizing on Detroit |first1=Karen |last1=Heller |date=November 17, 2014 |newspaper=Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/the-luxury-goods-company-shinola-is-capitalizing-on-detroit/2014/11/17/638f88a4-6a8f-11e4-b053-65cea7903f2e_story.html |accessdate=September 21, 2018}}
6. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite news|last=Muller|first=Joann|title=In Bankrupt Detroit, Shinola Puts Its Faith In American Manufacturing|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/joannmuller/2013/07/26/in-bankrupt-detroit-shinola-puts-its-faith-in-american-manufacturing/2/|journal=Forbes|date=26 July 2013 |accessdate=September 21, 2018}}
7. ^{{cite news |title=Built in Detroit |newspaper=Time Magazine |first1=Stacy |last1=Perman |date=March 20, 2014 |url=http://time.com/31922/built-in-detroit/ |accessdate=September 21, 2018}}
8. ^1 {{cite news|last=VanderMay|first=Ann|title=Think you know Shinola? Think Again.|url=http://features.blogs.fortune.cnn.com/2013/07/09/think-you-know-shinola-think-again/|accessdate=19 April 2014|newspaper=CNN Money|date=9 July 2013}}
9. ^{{cite news|last=Gomelsky|first=Victoria|title=Shinola Puts Motown Watches in Motion|url=http://www.jckonline.com/2013/03/29/shinola-puts-motown-watches-in-motion|accessdate=19 April 2014|newspaper=JCK Magazine (Online)|date=1 June 2013}}
10. ^{{cite news|last=Hicks|first=Jesse|title=Shinola is Bringing Watchmaking to Detroit|url=https://www.theverge.com/2013/9/18/4723640/shinola-bringing-watchmaking-to-the-motor-city|accessdate=19 April 2014|newspaper=The Verge|date=18 September 2013}}
11. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.behance.net/gallery/6570747/Shinola |title=Shinola |first1=Griffin |last1=Creech |publisher=Béhance |accessdate=January 29, 2015}}
12. ^{{cite news |last1=Zimberg |first1=Alexis |date=August 7, 2012 |url=http://detroit.curbed.com/archives/2012/08/imported-from-detroit-shinola-introduces-neomanufacturing-to-detroit.php#more |title=Imported From Detroit: Shinola Settles Into Taubman Center |newspaper=Curbed Detroit |accessdate=November 21, 2013}}
13. ^{{cite news|last=Vanhemert|first=Kyle|title=How An Upstart Company In Detroit Is Building An American Heritage Brand|url=http://www.fastcodesign.com/1671171/how-an-upstart-company-in-detroit-is-building-an-american-heritage-brand|accessdate=19 April 2014|newspaper=Fast Company|date=7 November 2012}}
14. ^{{cite news|last=Glor|first=Jeff|title=Watch company Shinola is investing big in Detroit|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/watch-company-shinola-is-investing-big-in-detroit/|accessdate=19 April 2014|newspaper=CBS News|date=28 October 2013}}
15. ^{{cite news|last=Haimerl|first=Amy|title=Canvas Watch Co. plans to dial in sales with timely design, Kickstarter boost|url=http://www.crainsdetroit.com/article/20140209/NEWS/302099982/new-watchmaker-launches-in-detroit#|accessdate=19 April 2014|newspaper=Crain's Detroit|date=9 February 2014}}
16. ^{{cite web |last1=KIRKLAND |first1=JEREMY |title=Shinola's New Automatic Watch Is a Monster. (No, Really.) |url=https://www.esquire.com/style/mens-accessories/a13518934/shinolas-lake-erie-montser-automatic-watch/ |website=Esquire |accessdate=12 October 2018 |date=10 November 2017}}
17. ^{{cite web |last1=PRICE |first1=EMILY |title=Shinola Unveils Its First Mechanical Watch |url=http://fortune.com/2017/11/07/shinola-mechanical-watch/ |website=Fortune |accessdate=12 October 2018 |language=en |date=November 7, 2017}}
18. ^1 2 {{cite news|last=Moy|first=Jon|date=March 26, 2014|title=On Shinola, Detroit's Misguided White Knight|url=http://fourpins.com/style/shinola-detroits-misguided-white-knight/|newspaper=Four Pins|accessdate=1 April 2015}}
19. ^{{cite web|url=http://fortune.com/2013/07/09/think-you-know-shinola-think-again/|title=Think you know Shinola? Think again.|author=VanderMey, Anne|date=July 9, 2013|work=Fortune}}
20. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/01/07/fashion/shinola-watches-bicycles-leather-goods-expansion.html|title=Shinola Takes Its 'Detroit Cool' Message on the Road|access-date=2018-11-16|language=en}}
21. ^{{cite web|url=http://infinitemiledetroit.com/Bougie_Crap_Art,_Design_and_Gentrification.html |title=Bougie Crap |publisher=Infinite Mile |author=Rebekah Modrak |date=14 February 2015}}
22. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.crainsdetroit.com/article/20120527/FREE/305279963/fossil-founder-digs-the-d|title=Fossil Founder Digs the D|last=Duggan|first=Daniel|date=May 27, 2012|website= Crain's Detroit|publisher=|access-date=}}
23. ^{{Cite book|title="The Consuming Self," from Blowing Up the Brand|last=Pooley|first=Jeff|publisher=Peter Lang Publishing Inc|year=2010|isbn=978-1433108679|location=New York|page=80}}
24. ^[https://www.hodinkee.com/articles/ftc-takes-major-action-against-shinola-demands-where-american-is-made-slogan-to-be-dropped-immediately FTC takes major action against Shinola] Hodinkee
25. ^{{cite news |last1=Williams |first1=Alex |title=Shinola Takes Its 'Detroit Cool' Message on the Road |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/01/07/fashion/shinola-watches-bicycles-leather-goods-expansion.html |newspaper=New York Times |accessdate=14 November 2018|date=2016-01-06 }}
26. ^{{cite web |last1=Modrak |first1=Rebekah |title=Bougie* Crap: Art, Design and Gentrification |url=http://infinitemiledetroit.com/Bougie_Crap_Art,_Design_and_Gentrification.html |website=Infinite Mile Detroit |accessdate=13 November 2018}}
27. ^{{cite web |last1=Moy |first1=Jon |title=On Shinola, Detroit's Misguided White Knight |url=https://www.complex.com/style/shinola-detroits-misguided-white-knight |website=Complex |accessdate=14 November 2018}}
28. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/01/07/fashion/shinola-watches-bicycles-leather-goods-expansion.html|title=Shinola Takes Its ‘Detroit Cool’ Message on the Road|access-date=2018-11-16|language=en}}
29. ^{{cite web |last1=Perkins |first1=Tom |title=Adventures in authenticity at Shinola |url=https://www.metrotimes.com/detroit/adventures-in-authenticity-at-shinola/Content?oid=2460546 |website=Metro Times |accessdate=15 November 2018}}
30. ^{{cite web |last1=Foley |first1=Aaron |title=Shinola Shines On In Detroit, Moves Past Local Criticism |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/aaronfoley/2014/06/14/shinola-shines-on-in-detroit-moves-past-local-criticism/#5791ac364f49 |website=Forbes |accessdate=15 November 2018}}
31. ^{{cite web |title=Shinola {{!}} A Snapshot of Life in Detroit |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2_yqUeKIdX8 |website=Youtube |accessdate=14 November 2018}}
32. ^{{cite web |last1=Moy |first1=Jon |title=On Shinola, Detroit's Misguided White Knight |url=https://www.complex.com/style/shinola-detroits-misguided-white-knight |website=Complex |accessdate=14 November 2018}}
33. ^{{cite web|title=Shinola sold out of limited-edition watches|url=http://www.freep.com/article/20130320/BUSINESS06/130320035/Shinola-sold-out-of-limited-edition-watches|newspaper=Detroit Free Press |date=March 20, 2013 |first1=John |last1=Gallagher |accessdate=January 29, 2015}}
34. ^{{cite web|title=The Wright Brothers™ Limited Edition Runwell Bike from Shinola|url=http://georgehahn.com/2014/03/22/the-wright-brothers-limited-edition-runwell-bike-from-shinola/|publisher=George Hahn |date=March 22, 2014 |first1=George |last1=Hahn |accessdate=January 29, 2015}}
35. ^1 {{cite web|title=Shinola's Great Americans Series Debuts With Wright Brothers Limited Edition Watch & Bicycle|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/lauriekahle/2013/12/11/shinolas-great-americans-series-debuts-with-wright-brothers-limited-edition-watch-bicycle/|publisher=Forbes |date=December 11, 2013 |first1=Laurie |last1=Kahle |accessdate=January 29, 2015}}
36. ^{{cite web|last1=Elliott|first1=Hannah|title=Shinola And Oscar de la Renta: Motown And Madison Avenue Make A Watch |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/hannahelliott/2014/06/27/shinola-and-oscar-de-la-renta-motown-and-madison-avenue-make-a-watch/|website=Forbes|accessdate=1 October 2014}}
37. ^1 {{cite web|title=Hands-On With The Shinola Runwell Chronograph 47mm (Live Pics & Pricing)|url=http://www.hodinkee.com/blog/hands-on-with-the-shinola-runwell-chronograph-47mm|first1=Kelly |last1=Jasper|publisher=HODINKEE |accessdate=January 29, 2015}}
38. ^{{cite web|last1=Adams|first1=Ariel|title=Shinola Black Blizzard Titanium Chronograph Watch|url=http://www.ablogtowatch.com/shinola-black-blizzard-titanium-chronograph-watch/|website=A Blog to Watch|accessdate=1 October 2014|date=2014-07-11}}
39. ^{{cite web|title=Shinola at Baselworld 2013|url=http://wornandwound.com/2013/04/29/shinola-at-baselworld-2013/ |date=April 29, 2013 |first1=Zach |last1=Weiss|publisher=Worn and Wound |accessdate=January 29, 2015}}
40. ^{{cite web|title=Detroit's Shinola Brings Watchmaking To The Motor City|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/lauriekahle/2013/05/20/detroits-shinola-brings-watchmaking-to-the-motor-city/|publisher=Forbes |date=May 20, 2013 |first1=Laurie |last1=Kahle |accessdate=January 29, 2015}}
41. ^{{cite web|title=Buyer's Guide: City Bikes: Shinola Bixby |url=http://www.bicycling.com/bikes-gear/shinola-bixby|publisher=Bicycling |accessdate=January 29, 2015}}
42. ^{{cite web|title=Found: Shinola Handmade Chromoly Bicycles from Detroit, by Way of Wisconsin|url=http://www.bikerumor.com/2012/12/03/found-shinola-handmade-chromoly-bicycles-from-detroit-by-way-of-wisconsin/|publisher=Bike Rumor |first1=Tyler |last1=Benedict |date=December 3, 2012 |accessdate=January 29, 2015}}
43. ^{{cite web|title=Shinola to open flagship retail store in Midtown this June|url=http://www.modeldmedia.com/devnews/shinolaretailstorejune.aspx|publisher=ModelD |first1=Nicole |last1=Rupersburg |date=April 16, 2013 |accessdate=January 29, 2015}}
44. ^1 {{cite web|title=Shinola Runwell Di2 Limited Edition - first look|url=http://www.bikeradar.com/us/commuting/news/article/shinola-runwell-di2-limited-edition-first-look-38484/|publisher=BikeRadar |first1=Ben |last1=Delaney |date=March 14, 2013 |accessdate=January 29, 2015}}
45. ^{{cite web|title= Shinola Create a One-Off "Twinn Tandem" Schwinn Bicycle|url=http://www.selectism.com/2014/04/11/shinola-create-a-one-off-twinn-tandem-bicycle-with-schwinn/|publisher=Selectism |date=April 11, 2014 |first1=Lena |last1=Dystant |accessdate=January 29, 2015}}
46. ^{{cite web|title=A one-off, brass-plated Shinola|url=http://www.bikeradar.com/us/news/article/a-one-off-brass-plated-shinola--36723/ |first1=Ben |last1=Delaney |date=March 14, 2013|publisher=BikeRadar |accessdate=January 29, 2015}}
47. ^{{cite web|title=Made in Detroit|url=http://iwmagazine.com/2013/06/17/built-in-detroit/|publisher=iW magazine}}
48. ^{{cite web|title=Shinola Factory Visit|url=http://thescoutmag.com/features/style_fashion/1335/shinola_factory_visit|publisher=The Scout |first1=Tom |last1=Ran |date=August 1, 2012 |accessdate=January 29, 2015}}
49. ^{{cite web|title=The ultimate Ann Arbor area buy local holiday shopping guide|url=http://www.mlive.com/business/ann-arbor/index.ssf/2013/12/the_ultimate_ann_arbor_area_bu.html |first1=Ben |last1=Freed|newspaper=MLive |accessdate=January 29, 2015}}
50. ^{{cite web|last1=Chooljian|first1=Lauren|title=Selling bikes, watches and civic pride|url=http://www.wbez.org/news/selling-bikes-watches-and-civic-pride-109960|website=WBEZ|publisher=WBEZ 91.5|accessdate=3 April 2014}}
51. ^{{cite web|last1=Dadson|first1=Adam|title=Shinola: You Know No Better|url=http://www.snobessentials.com/2012/07/shinola-you-know-no-better.html|website=Snob Essentials|date=2012-07-30}}
52. ^{{cite web|title=Shinola Hancrafted Watches, Bicycles & Leather Goods|url=http://www.stylequotidien.com/shinola-hancrafted-watches-bicycles-leather-goods/ |author=Style Quotidien |publisher=Style Quotidien |date=April 28, 2014 |accessdate=January 29, 2015}}
53. ^{{cite web|title=Shinola Opens New Leather Factory, Plans to Add 60 Jobs|url=http://www.dbusiness.com/daily-news/Annual-2014/Shinola-Opens-New-Leather-Factory-Plans-to-Add-60-Jobs/|website=DBusiness |date=14 May 2014|accessdate=14 May 2014}}
54. ^{{cite web|last1=Doerr|first1=Elizabeth|title=Shinola's New Video Highlights American-Made Production Of Rubber Watch Straps|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/elizabethdoerr/2014/09/08/premiere-shinolas-new-video-highlights-american-made-production-of-rubber-watch-straps/|website=Forbes|accessdate=19 November 2014}}
55. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.thisiskc.com/2013/11/shinola-takes-shine-kansas-city/ |title=Shinola Takes a Shine to Kansas City |first1=Katy |last1=Shamberger |publisher=ThisisKC.com |accessdate=January 29, 2015}}
56. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.shinola.com/shop/black-shoe-polish.html |title=Shinola Black Shoe Polish |publisher=Shinola |accessdate=January 29, 2015}}
57. ^{{cite web|last1=Codinha|first1=Alessandra|title=Bruce Weber's Dog Accessories for Shinola Are An American Dream|url=http://www.vogue.com/946229/bruce-weber-dog-accessories-for-shinola/|website=Vogue |accessdate=11 August 2014}}
58. ^{{cite web|title=Bruce Weber Partners with Shinola for New Line of Pet Accessories|url=http://www.edgemedianetwork.com/style/home/Features/164838/bruce_weber_partners_with_shinola_for_new_line_of_pet_accessories|website=Edge Media Network|accessdate=29 August 2014}}
59. ^Elmer, Vickie (July 31, 2015), 10:19 a.m. "Shinola to open Washington, D.C., store". Crain's Detroit. Retrieved August 5, 2015.
60. ^{{cite web|last1=Faulkner|first1=Ruth|title=Shinola to open London store|url=http://www.retail-jeweller.com/news/shinola-to-open-london-store/5064455.article?blocktitle=LATEST-NEWS&contentID=3379|website=Retail Jeweller|accessdate=23 September 2014}}
61. ^1 Doerr, Elizabeth (June 2, 2015), "Jack White And Shinola Purchase Flagship Building in Detroit's Cass Corridor". Forbes. Retrieved July 14, 2015.
62. ^{{cite web|last1=Doerr|first1=Elizabeth|title=Shinola Installs Vintage-Style City Clocks In Detroit|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/elizabethdoerr/2014/03/10/shinola-installs-vintage-style-city-clocks-in-detroit/|website=Forbes|accessdate=10 March 2014}}
63. ^{{cite web|last1=Muller|first1=David|title=Shinola opens Midtown Detroit dog park Friday, hosts block party |url=http://www.mlive.com/business/detroit/index.ssf/2014/06/shinola_opens_midtown_detroit.html |newspaper=MLive|accessdate=19 June 2014}}
64. ^1 Heller, Karen (November 17, 2014), [https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/the-luxury-goods-company-shinola-is-capitalizing-on-detroit/2014/11/17/638f88a4-6a8f-11e4-b053-65cea7903f2e_story.html The luxury-goods company Shinola is capitalizing on Detroit]. The Washington Post. Retrieved 10/14/2015.
65. ^1 {{cite web|title=Former President Clinton flaunts Shinola watches from Detroit |first1=Michael |last1=Wayland |date=June 28, 2014 |website=MLive |url=http://www.mlive.com/news/detroit/index.ssf/2014/06/former_president_clinton_flaun.html |accessdate=January 29, 2015}}
66. ^Here's What You Need to Know About President Obama's Badass Shinola Watch Esquire By Matt MillerJan 21, 2016
67. ^{{cite web|title=The Latest: Obama gives Cameron custom Shinola watch|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/europe/the-latest-obama-arrives-for-lunch-with-queen-elizabeth-ii/2016/04/22/9615e716-0884-11e6-bfed-ef65dff5970d_story.html|publisher=Washington Post|accessdate=22 April 2016}}

References

{{reflist|30em}}

External links

  • Official website
  • Gallery of Vintage Print Advertisements featuring Shinola
{{American bicycle manufacturers}}

5 : American brands|Cycle manufacturers of the United States|Leather goods|Manufacturing companies based in Detroit|Watch brands
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