| 词条 | Léon Chagnaud |
| 释义 |
| name = Léon Chagnaud | image = | image_size = | caption = | birth_name = Léon, Jean, Félicien Chagnaud | birth_date = 12 March 1866 | birth_place = Le Bourg-d'Hem, Creuse, France | death_date = 31 July 1930 | death_place = Champsanglard, Creuse, France | death_cause = | resting_place = Bonnat, Creuse, France | resting_place_coordinates = | residence = 83, Avenue Henri-Martin, 16th arrondissement of Paris Château de Lasvy Château de Beauvais Château de Bélâbre | nationality = | other_names = | known_for = | education = | alma mater = Ecole Nationale Supérieur d'Arts et Métiers | employer = | occupation = Businessman, politician | title = | salary = | networth = | term = | predecessor = | successor = | party = | boards = | religion = | spouse = Pauline Jouanny | children = Charles Chagnaud Jeanne Lenormand | parents = Hippolyte Chagnaud Jeanne Chagnaud | relatives = Philippe Fougerolle (brother-in-law) | box_width = }} Léon Chagnaud (1866-1930) was a French businessman and politician. Early lifeLéon Chagnaud was born on 12 March 1866 in Le Bourg-d'Hem, rural France.[1][2] His father, Hippolyte Chagnaud, was a mason based in Guéret who owned quarries of granite which were used to pave some of the streets of Paris.[3] His mother was Jeanne Chagnaud.[2] His sister, Antoinette Chagnaud, married Philippe Fougerolle, a mason who founded Fougerolle,[1] a construction company acquired by Eiffage in 1992. He graduated from the Ecole Nationale Supérieur d'Arts et Métiers in Châlons-sur-Marne.[2] His father died in 1891, when Chagnaud was 25.[2] He then did his military service.[2] CareerWith his inheritance, Chagnaud founded Entreprise Chagnaud, a construction company.[2][3] In Paris, he built the Viaduct of Passy across the Seine as well as the Paris Métro Line 4 under the Seine, the railroad tracks from the Gare d'Austerlitz to the Gare d'Orsay, and the Opéra métro station.[2] In provincial France, he built locks of the Canal du Centre, the Rove Tunnel, the aqueduct of Achères, the Éguzon Dam.[2] He also built the Ghrib Dam in Oued Chorfa, and the Bou Hanifia Dam in Bou Hanifia, French Algeria.[3] Additionally, he built the Lötschberg Tunnel in Switzerland.[2] Chagnaud purchased L'Écho de La Creuse, a regional newspaper.[2] He was also a large landowner in Creuse, Indre, and French Algeria.[2] He served on the Board of Directors of the Société des Mines de bitume et d'Asphalte du Centre (SMAC), which owned an asphalt mine in Pont-du-Château and pioneered the use of asphalt to build roads in France.[3] Additionally, he served on the Boards of Directors of two Moroccan companies: Omnium de Transports au Maroc and Ports Marocains.[3] He served as a member of the French Senate from 1921 to 1930, representing Creuse.[1] He was a staunch supporter of Prime Minister Raymond Poincaré.[2] He ran for re-election in 1930, but lost his seat to François Binet.[3] He became an Officer of the Legion of Honour.[2] Personal lifeHe married Pauline Jouanny on 14 July 1875 in Bonnat.[2] They had a son, Charles Chagnaud, and a daughter, Mrs Jeanne Lenormand.[2] They resided at 83, Avenue Henri-Martin, in the 16th arrondissement of Paris.[2] They also owned two chateaux in La Creuse: the Château de Lasvy in Champsanglard, and the Château de Beauvais in Saint-Amand-Jartoudeix,[2] and another chateau in Indre: Château de Bélâbre.[3] Death and legacyHe died at his Château de Lasvy in Champsanglard on 31 July 1930.[1] He was buried in Bonnat.[2] His son served in World War I and inherited the family business.[4] His company is now known as Chagnaud construction.[5] References1. ^1 2 3 French Senate: Léon Chagnaud {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Chagnaud, Leon}}2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Jean Gammal, Pascal Plas, Guy Avizou, [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=fka-4vNGvXEC&pg=PA45&lpg=PA45&dq=Hippolyte+Chagnaud&source=bl&ots=qrfhvDXTBb&sig=yHHm8KbfHoNsZravdCqE2noZWAM&hl=en&sa=X&ei=_1iGVaHEAqiR7Ab_24GIBA&ved=0CDMQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=Hippolyte%20Chagnaud&f=false Dictionnaire des parlementaires du Limousin sous la IIIe République: Creuse], Limoges: Presses Universitaires de Limoges, 2001, pp. 45-48 3. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite journal |last=Berthonnet |first=Arnaud |title=LÉON CHAGNAUD : UN ENTREPRENEUR INNOVATEUR DANS LE SECTEUR DES TRAVAUX PUBLICS (FIN XIX e -DÉBUT XX e SIÈCLE) |journal=Histoire, Économie et Société |volume=18 |issue=3 |pages=613–642 |jstor=23613617 | date = 1999 |registration=yes }} 4. ^Premiere Guerre Mondiale: Charles Chagnaud 5. ^Chagnaud construction, Bibliothèque nationale de France 9 : 1866 births|1930 deaths|People from Creuse|People from Paris|French businesspeople|French corporate directors|French Senators of the Third Republic|Officiers of the Légion d'honneur|Senators of Creuse |
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