词条 | Auburn, Washington | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
释义 |
| name = Auburn | official_name = City of Auburn, Washington | settlement_type = City | image_skyline = Auburn station plaza from garage.jpg | imagesize = | image_caption = Downtown Auburn, seen from the train station's parking garage | image_flag = Auburn, WA logo.jpg | image_seal = | nickname = A-town | motto = "More Than You Imagined" | image_map = 800px-King County Washington Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Auburn Highlighted.svg.png | mapsize = 270px | map_caption = Location of Auburn in King County | image_map1 = | mapsize1 = | map_caption1 = | pushpin_map = Washington#USA#North America | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Washington | coordinates = {{coord|47|18|8|N|122|12|53|W|region:US-WA_type:city|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = United States | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_type2 = Counties | subdivision_name1 = Washington | subdivision_name2 = King, Pierce | established_title = Founded | established_date = June 13, 1891 | government_type = Mayor-Council | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Nancy Backus | area_footnotes = [1] | area_magnitude = | area_total_km2 = 77.34 | area_total_sq_mi = 29.86 | area_land_km2 = 76.59 | area_land_sq_mi = 29.57 | area_water_km2 = 0.75 | area_water_sq_mi = 0.29 | elevation_m = 25 | elevation_ft = 82.62 | population_total = 70180 | population_as_of = 2010 | population_footnotes = [2] | population_density_km2 = 1054.60 | population_density_sq_mi = 2731.41 | population_est = 80776 | pop_est_as_of = 2017 | pop_est_footnotes = [3] | population_metro = | population_rank = US: 423rd WA: 15th | population_note = [2] | postal_code_type = ZIP codes | postal_code = 98001, 98002, 98092, 98071 | area_code = 253 | miles_of_streets = 577 | timezone = PST | utc_offset = −8 | timezone_DST = PDT | utc_offset_DST = −7 | blank_name = FIPS code | blank_info = 53-03180 | blank1_name = GNIS feature ID | blank1_info = 1511974[3] | website = AuburnWA.Gov | footnotes = | Unemployment = 4.1% (2017) | Jobs = 60,118 (2017) |unit_pref = Imperial }} Auburn is a city in King County, with a small portion in Pierce County, Washington, United States. The population was 70,180 at the 2010 United States Census.[4] Auburn is a suburb in the Seattle metropolitan area, currently ranked the fifteenth largest city in the state of Washington. Auburn is bordered by the cities of Federal Way, Pacific, and Algona to the west, Sumner to the south, Kent to the north, and unincorporated King County to the east. The Muckleshoot Indian Reservation is in or near the southern city limits.[5] HistoryThe first white settlers in the Green River Valley arrived in the 1850s, but were temporarily driven out by Indian wars later that decade. Several settler families returned in the 1860s, including Levi Ballard, who set up a homestead between the Green and White rivers.[6] Ballard filed for a plat to establish a town in February 1886, naming it Slaughter for an officer slain during the Indian wars in 1855.[7][8] Slaughter was incorporated on June 13, 1891, but its name was changed two years later to Auburn on February 21, 1893, by an action of the state legislature. Newer residents had disliked the name and its connection to the word "{{linktext|slaughter}}", especially after the town's hotel was named the Slaughter House.[7][8] The name Auburn was chosen in honor of Auburn, New York, for the area's shared reliance on hops farming.[9] In 2008, Auburn annexed the West Hill and Lea Hill neighborhoods of unincorporated King County, adding 15,000 residents and expanding its land area by 26 percent.[10][11] GeographyAuburn is located at {{Coord|47|18|8|N|122|12|53|W|type:city}} (47.302322, −122.214779).[12] According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of {{convert|29.89|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, of which, {{convert|29.62|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is land and {{convert|0.27|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is water.[13] Two rivers, the White River and, to a greater extent, the Green River flow through Auburn. Historically, the Stuck River ran through the settlement of Stuck, which is now a small pocket of unincorporated King County within southern Auburn. In 1906, the flow of the White River was diverted into the Stuck's channel near today's Game Farm Park.[14] References to the Stuck River still appear in some property legal descriptions and place names, e.g. Stuck River Drive, within Auburn, but today it is essentially indistinguishable from the southern White River.[15] Geographic location of Auburn{{Geographic Location|Centre = Auburn |North = Kent |Northeast = Covington |East = Black Diamond |Southeast = Enumclaw |South = Sumner |Southwest = Algona/Pacific |West = Federal Way |Northwest = Kent |image = }} ParksAuburn has an extensive system of parks, open space and urban trails consisting of 28 developed parks, over {{convert|23|mi|abbr=on}} of trails (including Auburn's {{convert|4.5|mi|abbr=on}} portion of the Interurban Trail for bikers, walkers, runners and skaters), and almost {{convert|247|acre|ha|abbr=on}} of open space for passive and active recreation. Auburn's records and averages{{Weather box|location = Auburn, Washington |single line = Y |Jan record high F = 64 |Feb record high F = 71 |Mar record high F = 81 |Apr record high F = 86 |May record high F = 92 |Jun record high F = 100 |Jul record high F = 99 |Aug record high F = 99 |Sep record high F = 96 |Oct record high F = 86 |Nov record high F = 74 |Dec record high F = 69 |year record high F= 100 |Jan high F = 47 |Feb high F = 51 |Mar high F = 55 |Apr high F = 61 |May high F = 67 |Jun high F = 72 |Jul high F = 77 |Aug high F = 78 |Sep high F = 72 |Oct high F = 62 |Nov high F = 52 |Dec high F = 46 |year high F= |Jan low F = 35 |Feb low F = 36 |Mar low F = 39 |Apr low F = 42 |May low F = 47 |Jun low F = 52 |Jul low F = 55 |Aug low F = 55 |Sep low F = 51 |Oct low F = 44 |Nov low F = 39 |Dec low F = 35 |year low F= |Jan record low F = −10 |Feb record low F = −5 |Mar record low F = 10 |Apr record low F = 25 |May record low F = 27 |Jun record low F = 33 |Jul record low F = 38 |Aug record low F = 34 |Sep record low F = 28 |Oct record low F = 24 |Nov record low F = −1 |Dec record low F = 3 |year record low F= −10 |Jan precipitation inch = 5.3 |Feb precipitation inch = 4.5 |Mar precipitation inch = 4.1 |Apr precipitation inch = 2.9 |May precipitation inch = 2.1 |Jun precipitation inch = 1.7 |Jul precipitation inch = 0.9 |Aug precipitation inch = 1.2 |Sep precipitation inch = 1.8 |Oct precipitation inch = 3.4 |Nov precipitation inch = 6.1 |Dec precipitation inch = 5.8 |year precipitation inch= 37.1 |source 1 = Weather.com[16] |date=August 2010 }} Transportation{{wide image|Sounderauburnpanorama.jpg|800px|align-cap=center|Auburn station in downtown is a major hub for the Green River Valley.}}Auburn has many large roads nearby and within city limits, including State Route 167 (commonly referred as the "Valley Freeway") and State Route 18. Auburn also has its own transit center, Auburn station in downtown, that serves as a major hub for southern King County. Sound Transit buses connect the Auburn Transit Center directly to the Federal Way, Sumner, and Kent, while King County Metro buses connect the Transit Center to Green River Community College, the Super Mall, and Auburn Way. Sounder commuter trains travel from Auburn to Downtown Seattle in approximately 30 minutes, and to Lakewood station in less than 35 minutes. Until 1987 Auburn was also the home for a steam locomotive roundhouse and diesel engine house of the Northern Pacific Railway, the BNSF Railway of today. BNSF maintains a rail yard and small car repair facility, along with maintenance-of-way facilities at the former NP yard.[17] The Auburn Municipal Airport serves the general aviation community.[18] Demographics{{US Census population|1890= 740 |1900= 489 |1910= 957 |1920= 3163 |1930= 3906 |1940= 4211 |1950= 6497 |1960= 11933 |1970= 21653 |1980= 26417 |1990= 33102 |2000= 40314 |2010= 70180 |estyear=2017 |estimate=80776 |estref=[19] |align-fn=center |footnote=U.S. Decennial Census[20] 2017 Estimate[21] }} 2010 censusAs of the census[22] of 2010, there were 70,180 people, 26,058 households, and 17,114 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|2369.3|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 27,834 housing units at an average density of {{convert|939.7|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 70.5% White, 4.9% African American, 2.3% Native American, 8.9% Asian, 1.6% Pacific Islander, 6.3% from other races, and 5.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 12.9% of the population. There were 26,058 households of which 36.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.7% were married couples living together, 13.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 34.3% were non-families. 25.6% of all households were made up of individuals and 7.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.67 and the average family size was 3.22. The median age in the city was 34.4 years. 25.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 10.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 27.9% were from 25 to 44; 25.5% were from 45 to 64; and 10.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.4% male and 50.6% female. 2000 censusAs of the census of 2000, there were 40,314 people, 16,108 households, and 10,051 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,895.9 per square mile (732.1/km²). There were 16,767 housing units at an average density of 788.5 per square mile (304.5/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 82.80 percent White, 2.42 percent African American, 2.54 percent Native American, 3.50 percent Asian, 0.51 percent Pacific Islander, 3.66 percent from other races, and 4.56 percent from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 7.49 percent of the population. There were 16,108 households out of which 32.8 percent had children under the age of eighteen living with them, 43.7 percent were married couples living together, 13.4 percent had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.6 percent were non-families. 29.1 percent of all households were made up of individuals and 9.1 percent had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 3.05. In the city the population was spread out with 26.6 percent under the age of eighteen, 9.5 percent from eighteen to 24, 31.6 percent from 25 to 44, 20.7 percent from 45 to 64, and 11.6 percent who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.5 males. The median income for a household in the city was $39,208, and the median income for a family was $45,426. Males had a median income of $36,977 versus $27,476 for females. The per capita income for the city was $19,630. About 10.2 percent of families and 12.8 percent of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.3 percent of those under age 18 and 8.8 percent of those age 65 or over. Neighborhoods
GovernmentThe city of Auburn is a mayor-council form of government meaning the mayor is a full-time, separately elected position. The current Mayor is Nancy Backus, who was first elected to the post in 2013 and re-elected in 2017. She is the first female to serve in the office since Auburn was incorporated in 1891. Auburn Council members[23]
Auburn is the site for the Northwest headquarters of United States General Services Administration. Auburn is designated by the Veterans Day National Committee and the US Department of Veterans Affairs as a Regional Site for celebration of Veterans Day. Auburn Police DepartmentSee Auburn Police Department (Washington) AnnexationUsing King County's Annexation Initiative, Auburn annexed Lea Hill and West Hill in 2008. With the annexation, the city grew in population from 40,314 to 68,000 and increased its land area from 21.26 square miles (55.06 km²) to 29.89 square miles (77.41 km²).[24][25] BoeingThe Auburn Boeing Plant, opened in 1966, is the largest airplane parts plant in the world, with {{convert|2100000|sqft|m2}} and 1,265,000 parts being manufactured each year.[26] With over 5,000 employees, the Boeing plant is the third major employer in Auburn. CrimeAccording to the Uniform Crime Report statistics compiled by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) in 2017, there were 376 violent crimes and 3,618 property crimes per 100,000 residents. Of these, the violent crimes consisted of three murders, 64 forcible rapes, 117 robberies and 192 aggravated assaults, while 732 burglaries, 2,124 larceny-thefts, 653 motor vehicle thefts and 19 acts of arson defined the property offenses.[27] EconomyJobsAs of 2017 there are 60,118 jobs in Auburn and a 4.1% unemployment rate.[28] According to Auburn's 2011 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,[29] the top employers in the city are:
Recreation and entertainmentThe Outlet Collection Seattle{{Main|The Outlet Collection Seattle}}The Outlet Collection Seattle, formerly SuperMall of the Great Northwest, is an outlet mall which opened in 1995. Emerald Downs Racetrack{{Main|Emerald Downs}}Emerald Downs is a {{convert|167|acre|km2|adj=on}} six-level stadium and thoroughbred racetrack. The racetrack is operated on land purchased by the Muckleshoot in 2002.{{cn|date=October 2018}} White River Valley MuseumThe White River Valley Museum's exhibits feature Auburn, from Native American history to the 1920s. They focus on the Muckleshoot Indian Tribe, pioneer life, immigration from Europe and Japan, truck farming, railroading and the building of towns throughout the area. Visitors can visit a recreation of a pioneer cabin, climb aboard a Northern Pacific Railway caboose, and investigate a recreation of the shops in 1924 downtown Auburn.[30] White River AmphitheaterThe White River Amphitheater is a 20,000-seat venue, located about {{convert|3|mi|abbr=off|sp=us}} east of the city limits. Auburn Parks, Arts & RecreationAuburn has an extensive system of parks, open space and urban trails: 28 developed parks, over {{convert|23|mi|abbr=on}} of trails (including Auburn's {{convert|4.5|mi|abbr=on}} portion of the Inter-urban Trail for bikers, walkers, runners and skaters), and almost {{convert|247|acre|ha|abbr=on}} of open space for passive and active recreation. Notable people{{refimprove|section|date=March 2019}}
EducationCurrently the Auburn School District has fourteen elementary schools, four middle schools and three high schools, making 22 schools in all.[46] The district is larger than the city itself, serving the neighboring towns of Algona and Pacific, as well as some unincorporated areas around Auburn and Kent. Green River Community College also resides in Auburn, atop Lea Hill. High schoolsASD has three primary high schools:[47]
Private and alternative high schools
Middle schools 6–8
Elementary schools K-5
City landmarksThe City of Auburn has designated the following landmarks:
Image gallerySister citiesAuburn has four sister cities: Tamba, a city in the Hyōgo prefecture of Japan; Pyeongchang, South Korea; Guanghan, China; Yuhang, China; and Mola di Bari, Italy. The relationship with Tamba is commemorated with an annual student exchange program between the two cities and neighboring Kent.[69] References1. ^{{cite web|title=2017 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2017_Gazetteer/2017_gaz_place_53.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=March 28, 2019}} 2. ^{{cite web|title=2010 Census Redistricting Data (Public Law 94-171) Summary File |url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_PL_GCTPL2.ST13&prodType=table|work=American FactFinder|publisher=United States Census Bureau|deadurl=yes|accessdate=February 24, 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721034521/http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_PL_GCTPL2.ST13&prodType=table|archivedate=July 21, 2011}} 3. ^{{cite gnis|id=1511974|name=Auburn}} 4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.ci.auburn.wa.us/about/annexation/index.asp 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web|url=https://www.seattlepi.com/sports/baseball/article/Where-Are-They-Now-Ex-pitcher-Kevin-Hagen-1204866.php|title=Where Are They Now? Ex-pitcher Kevin Hagen|last=Raley|first=Dan|last2=Reporter|first2=P.-I.|date=May 31, 2006|website=seattlepi.com|access-date=February 26, 2019}} 34. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.auburn-reporter.com/news/auburns-young-haugen-vows-to-fight-for-own-identity/|title=Auburn's young Haugen vows to fight for own identity|last=Klaas|first=Mark|date=April 7, 2010|website=Auburn Reporter|language=en-US|access-date=March 3, 2019}} 35. ^{{Cite web|url=https://cdm16786.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/pioneerlife/id/21341|title=Gordon Hirabayashi portrait in the "Invader" 1935 Auburn High School Yearbook|website=cdm16786.contentdm.oclc.org|language=en|access-date=February 26, 2019}} 36. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.usatf.org/athletes/bios/TrackAndFieldArchive/2008/Lukezic_Chris.asp|title=Chris Lukezic|website=www.usatf.org|access-date=February 26, 2019}} 37. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.newyorker.com/culture/persons-of-interest/evan-mcmullins-quest-to-save-democracy|title=Evan McMullin Is Trying to Save Democracy|last=Haglund|first=David|date=February 2, 2017|access-date=February 26, 2019|work=The New Yorker|language=en|issn=0028-792X}} 38. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/education/news-wires-white-papers-and-books/sir-mix-lot|title=Sir Mix-A-Lot {{!}} Encyclopedia.com|website=www.encyclopedia.com|access-date=March 3, 2019}} 39. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.landofbasketball.com/nba_players/r/blair_rasmussen.htm|title=NBA Players: Blair Rasmussen Profile and Basic Stats|website=www.landofbasketball.com|access-date=February 26, 2019}} 40. ^Carlton Smith and Thomas Guillen, The Search For The Green River Killer (New York: Onyx, 1991), 7–12 41. ^{{cite news|last1=Feather|first1=Leonard|title=Diane Schuur Riding a Sure Thing|newspaper=The Los Angeles Times|date=April 27, 1986|page=64|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1986-04-27/entertainment/ca-23827_1_diane-schuur}} 42. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/Bios/htmlbios/scobee.html|title=Astronaut Bio: Dick Scobee|publisher=NASA}} 43. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.auburn-reporter.com/sports/danny-shelton-is-finding-the-fun-again/|title=Danny Shelton is finding the fun again|last=Skager|first=Shawn|date=December 18, 2013|website=Auburn Reporter|language=en-US|access-date=February 26, 2019}} 44. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.thenewstribune.com/news/local/article36761964.html|title=Q&A: Cartoonist grew up in Gig Harbor, lives in Auburn and likes unicorns|work=The News Tribune|language=en|access-date=March 3, 2019}} 45. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.auburn-reporter.com/news/towering-achievement-wtc-one-of-auburn-mans-monumental-designs/|title=Towering achievement: WTC one of Auburn man's monumental designs|last=Olson|first=Casey|date=September 7, 2011|website=Auburn Reporter|language=en-US|access-date=February 26, 2019}} 46. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.auburn.wednet.edu/domain/34|title=About Us / Overview|website=www.auburn.wednet.edu|language=en|access-date=May 20, 2017}} 47. ^{{cite web|title=About Us|url=http://www.auburn.wednet.edu/domain/34|publisher=Auburn School District|accessdate=January 4, 2015}} 48. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20061004104652/http://www.auburn.wednet.edu/homepages/cascade/default.htm Cascade Middle School] 49. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20061004104849/http://www.auburn.wednet.edu/homepages/mtbaker/default.htm Mt. Baker Middle School] 50. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20061004104913/http://www.auburn.wednet.edu/homepages/olympic/default.htm Olympic Middle School] 51. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20061004103622/http://www.auburn.wednet.edu/homepages/rainier/index.htm Rainier Middle School] 52. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20061012095321/http://www.auburn.wednet.edu/homepages/alpac/default.htm Alpac Elementary School] 53. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20080513141916/http://www.auburn.wednet.edu/aje/default.htm Arthur Jacobsen Elementary School] 54. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20061004104707/http://www.auburn.wednet.edu/homepages/chinook/default.htm Chinook Elementary School] 55. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20061004104721/http://www.auburn.wednet.edu/homepages/dscobee/default.htm Dick Scobee Elementary School] 56. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20061004105346/http://www.auburn.wednet.edu/homepages/eheights/default.htm Evergreen Heights Elementary School] 57. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20061004105358/http://www.auburn.wednet.edu/homepages/gildorey/default.htm Gildo Rey Elementary School] 58. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20110903194132/http://rainierchristianschool.org/ Rainier Christian Schools – Kent View] 59. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20061004104733/http://www.auburn.wednet.edu/homepages/hzlwood/default.htm Hazelwood Elementary School] 60. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20061004104330/http://www.auburn.wednet.edu/homepages/ilalko/default.htm Ilalko Elementary School] 61. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20070630181636/http://www.auburn.wednet.edu/lakeland/default.html Lakeland Hills Elementary School] 62. ^{{Cite web |url=https://www.auburn.wednet.edu/cms/lib/WA01001938/Centricity/domain/64/schlperrep_2017_18/2017_18_LLH_PerfRep_REV_Jan2018_FINAL.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=February 16, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180217024012/https://www.auburn.wednet.edu/cms/lib/WA01001938/Centricity/domain/64/schlperrep_2017_18/2017_18_LLH_PerfRep_REV_Jan2018_FINAL.pdf |archive-date=February 17, 2018 |dead-url=yes |df= }} 63. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20081011182955/http://www.auburn.wednet.edu/lakeview Lake View Elementary School] 64. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20061004104837/http://www.auburn.wednet.edu/homepages/leahill/default.htm Lea Hill Elementary School] 65. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20061004104926/http://www.auburn.wednet.edu/homepages/pioneer/default.htm Pioneer Elementary School] 66. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20061004105457/http://www.auburn.wednet.edu/homepages/termpark/default.htm Terminal Park Elementary School] 67. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20061004102950/http://www.auburn.wednet.edu/homepages/wash/default.htm Washington Elementary School] 68. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=http://www.kingcounty.gov/~/media/property/historic_preservation/documents/resources/T06_KCLandmarkList.ashx?la=en|title=King County and Local Landmarks List|date=December 29, 2015|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160409082351/http://www.kingcounty.gov/~/media/property/historic_preservation/documents/resources/T06_KCLandmarkList.ashx?la=en|archivedate=April 9, 2016|df=}} 69. ^{{cite web|title=Sister City Program|url=http://www.auburnwa.gov/about/sister_city.htm|website=auburnwa.gov|publisher=City of Auburn|accessdate=July 28, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150827033139/http://www.auburnwa.gov/about/sister_city.htm|archive-date=August 27, 2015|dead-url=yes}} External links{{Commons category|Auburn, Washington}}
7 : Auburn, Washington|Cities in King County, Washington|Cities in the Seattle metropolitan area|Cities in Pierce County, Washington|Populated places established in 1891|1891 establishments in Washington (state)|Cities in Washington (state) |
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