“Melaleuca sphaerodendra”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Melaleuca sphaerodendra

释义

Description
Taxonomy and naming
Distribution and habitat
References

{{speciesbox
|genus = Melaleuca
|species = sphaerodendra
|authority = Craven & J.W.Dawson^[1]
}}

Melaleuca sphaerodendra is a plant in the myrtle family Myrtaceae, and is endemic to Grande Terre, the main island of New Caledonia. It is one of only a few members of its genus to occur outside Australia and was previously known as Callistemon gnidioides Guillaumin.

Description

Melaleuca sphaerodendra is shrub or small tree growing to a height of {{convert|10|m|ft|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} with its branchlets densely covered with hairs. The leaves are {{convert|7-19|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long, {{convert|2-5|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide, narrow oval to egg-shaped, rounded at the end and have 3 to 5 parallel veins. When young, the leaves are covered with hairs similar to those on the branchlets but become glabrous as they mature.^[1]

The flowers are white or cream and occur on the ends of the branches which continue to grow after flowering. The petals are {{convert|1-2.2|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long and the stamens are arranged in five bundles around the flower, with 2 or 3 stamens per bundle. Flowering occurs mainly from July and September and is followed by the fruit which are woody capsules {{convert|2.2|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long.^[1]^[2]

Taxonomy and naming

Callistemon gnidioides was first formally described in 1934 by André Guillaumin,^[3] then transferred to the genus Melaleuca as Melaleuca sphaerodendra in 1998 by Lyndley Craven and John Dawson in the journal Adansonia.^[4] The specific epithet (sphaerodendra) is from the Ancient Greek σφαῖρα (sphaîra) meaning “ball"^[5]{{rp|120}} and δένδρον (déndron) meaning “tree”^[5]{{rp|813}} referring to the roughly spherical crown of the tree.^[1]

There are two varieties of this species:

Melaleuca sphaerodendra var. sphaerodendra has linear to oval leaves which are {{convert|2-3|mm|in|sigfig=1}} wide;
Melaleuca sphaerodendra var. microphylla has elliptic or egg-shaped leaves which are {{convert|3.5-5|mm|in|sigfig=1}} wide.

Distribution and habitat

Melaleuca sphaerodendra is found on Grande Terre:

var. sphaerodendra occurs on the southern part of the island, growing in open maquis on volcanic soils;
var. microphylla occurs on the central-west and north-west parts of Grande Terre, growing in maquis on steep scree slopes of volcanic rocks.

References

1. ^¹²{{cite book|last1=Brophy|first1=Joseph J.|last2=Craven|first2=Lyndley A.|last3=Doran|first3=John C.|title=Melaleucas : their botany, essential oils and uses|date=2013|publisher=Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research|location=Canberra|isbn=9781922137517|page=333}}
2. ^{{cite web|title=Melaleuca sphaerodendra (Espece)|url=http://www.endemia.nc/flore/fiche4238.html|publisher=Endemia Association|accessdate=23 April 2015}}
3. ^{{cite web|title=Callistemon gnidioides|url=https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/612409|publisher=APNI|accessdate=25 January 2018}}
4. ^¹{{cite web|title=Melaleuca sphaerodendra|url=https://biodiversity.org.au/boa/instance/apni/612412|publisher=APNI|accessdate=23 April 2015}}
5. ^¹{{cite book|last1=Brown|first1=Roland Wilbur|title=The Composition of Scientific Words|date=1956|publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press|location=Washington, D.C.}}

4 : Melaleuca|Flora of New Caledonia|Plants described in 1998|Taxa named by Lyndley Craven

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