| 词条 | Nelia Penman |
| 释义 |
Nelia Penman (née Muspratt; 6 November 1915 – 16 August 2017) was a British Liberal Party politician and barrister. BackgroundShe was born Nelia Muspratt, a daughter of Clifford Muspratt and Bertha Noble.[1] in Hampstead, London. She was part of an established Liverpool Liberal family; she was the niece of the MP Max Muspratt[2] and the Suffragist Nessie Stewart-Brown and granddaughter of the Industrialist Edmund Knowles Muspratt. She was educated privately. On 29 May 1947 she married Derek Penman.[3] They had three daughters,[4] Fiona, Alison and Wendy. The marriage was dissolved in 1974.[5] CareerShe trained as a fencing instructor. She joined the Ministry of Information during the war and also served as a station officer with the London Ambulance Service. In 1945 she became a barrister, being Called to the Bar by Gray's Inn.[4] Political careerWhile in her early twenties her activity in the Liberal party took the form of membership of the 8.30 Club, a young Liberal group that monthly debated international issues from its founding in 1936 to 1939. In 1936 she advocated the creation of an International Police Force under the control of the League of Nations. In 1937 she advocated the suppression of Fascist and Communist propaganda.[6] In 1938 she was selected as Liberal prospective parliamentary candidate for Liverpool Wavertree for a general election expected to take place in 1939/40.[7] It was not a promising seat, although the Liberals had won the seat in 1923, they had come fourth at a by-election in 1935. During the war, she continued as PPC for Wavertree and spoke at the 1941 Liberal Assembly in favour of the creation of a Ministry of Civil Defence.[8] She did not contest Wavertree and instead was Liberal candidate for the Sevenoaks Division of Kent at the 1945 general election. Sevenoaks was a safe Conservative seat that the Liberals had not won since 1923. They were second in 1935 when no Labour candidate stood. Labour had no candidate in place in 1939/40.[9] A two-party contest between Conservative and Liberal would have been an attractive prospect for any Liberal in 1945. However Labour intervened and pushed the Liberals into third place; {{Election box begin ||title=General election 1945: Sevenoaks[10] }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Col. Charles Ponsonby |votes = 18,893 |percentage = 45.6 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Labour Party (UK) |candidate = John Pudney |votes = 14,947 |percentage = 36.1 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = Nelia Muspratt |votes = 6,906 |percentage = 16.7 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Communist Party of Great Britain |candidate = K. Thompson |votes = 676 |percentage = 1.6 |change = }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 3,946 |percentage = 9.5 |change = }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = |percentage = 73.6 |change = }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Conservative Party (UK) |swing = }}{{Election box end}} Four general elections later she stood again at Sevenoaks, but did no better; {{Election box begin||title=General election 1959: Sevenoaks[11] }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = John Charles Rodgers |votes = 28,186 |percentage = 56.1 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Labour Party (UK) |candidate = Roderick C Ogley |votes = 14,265 |percentage = 28.4 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = Nelia Penman |votes = 7,819 |percentage = 15.6 |change = }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 13,921 |percentage = 27.7 |change = }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = 50,270 |percentage = 80.2 |change = }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Conservative Party (UK) |swing = }}{{Election box end}} She stood again at the following election and slightly increased her vote share; {{Election box begin||title=General election 1964: Sevenoaks[11] }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Sir John Charles Rodgers |votes = 28,678 |percentage = 52.0 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Labour Party (UK) |candidate = Peter B Pearce |votes = 14,958 |percentage = 27.1 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = Nelia Penman |votes = 11,480 |percentage = 20.8 |change = }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 13,720 |percentage = 24.9 |change = }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = 55,116 |percentage = 80.1 |change = }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Conservative Party (UK) |swing = }}{{Election box end}} She was Chairman of the Liberal Party's Social Security Panel, before resigning in 1977 to become President of the Women's Liberal Federation.[12] Penman died in August 2017 at the age of 101.[13] References1. ^"Court Circular." Times [London, England] 12 May 1933: 19+. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 5 March 2015. 2. ^Nottingham Evening Post, 9 April 1937. 3. ^"Marriages." Times [London, England] 31 May 1947: 1. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 5 March 2015. 4. ^1 The Times Guide to the House of Commons, 1959. 5. ^The Herald, Friday 16 July 2004. 6. ^Liberals, International Relations and Appeasement: The Liberal Party, 1919-1939 By Dr Richard S Grayson. 7. ^The Liberal Magazine, 1939. 8. ^The Glasgow Herald, 21 July 1941. 9. ^Report of the Annual Conference of the Labour Party, 1939. 10. ^British parliamentary election results 1918–1949, Craig, F. W. S. 11. ^1 British parliamentary election results 1950–1973, Craig, F. W. S. 12. ^New outlook - Volume 18, 1978. 13. ^[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/obituaries/2017/09/21/nelia-penman-eminent-liberal-obituary/ Nelia Penman, eminent Liberal - obituary] External links
8 : 1915 births|2017 deaths|People from Hampstead|British people of Irish descent|British centenarians|Liberal Party (UK) parliamentary candidates|Muspratt family|Women centenarians |
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